Nonspecific calves resistance against the background of antenatal use of a probiotic-based feed additive

The article presents the results of studies on the use of a feed additive containing live sporeforming bacteria Bacillus subtilis and live yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, sorbed on activated carbon particles, to pregnant cows for the formation of immunoglobulins in the body and their isolation in colostrum, as well as for the nonspecific resistance of the resulting calves. The experiments were conducted in the winter-spring period, when the body of cows and calves contains a reduced level of nutrients, immunoglobulins and other biologically active substances, which leads to inhibition of the function of both nonspecific resistance factors and specific immunity. It was found that the feed additive had a positive effect on the physiological and biochemical parameters of calves. In the colostrum of cows of the experimental groups, relative to the animals of the control group, the content of immunoglobulins was 36.4% higher. Calves whose mothers received a feed additive for 30 days at a dose of 20 g per head before calving had higher indicators of total protein, albumins, globulins and factors of nonspecific resistance, such as bactericidal and lysozyme activity of blood serum, phagocytic activity of neutrophils.

Decolourisation of Beet Sugar Syrup Using Activated Carbon and Glucose Oxidase Enzyme

This paper presents the development and optimization of a new approach which combines the utilization of activated carbon and glucose oxidase enzyme for decolourisation of beet sugar syrup. The combining of the physical adsorption with the enzymatic reaction was managed to improve the decolourisation of beet sugar syrup from 35.29 to 83.68% compared to the basic adsorption by activated carbon after 120 min of operation under the optimum conditions. The maximum decolourisation efficiency by the coupled process was achieved at glucose oxidase dosage of 0.07 g, glucose concentration of 20 mM, and solution pH 7 at the temperature of 30ºC using 0.01 g of activated carbon particles. Given the high effectiveness, reusability, and the eco-friendly nature of the process, the proposed method can serve as an alternative to ordinary decoloursation techniques.