Risk Assessment by Job Safety Analysis and William Fine Method and Comparison with Workers' Risk Perception Results

Background: Job analysis, detecting hazards, and measuring their relationship with risk perception in workers are efficient ways of preventing accidents. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to identify and assess the risk of job accidents in steel industry in the south of Iran in 2020 using job safety analysis and the William Fine method. The results are also compared with the workers' perception of risk. Methods: The study population consisted of workers in the supplementary section of the studied steel industry(N=169). All the collected data were analyzed in SPSS using frequency and percentage for description and simple/multivariate logistic regression for analysis with sig. equal to 0.05. To determine the risks, JSA was used. Risk assessment was also performed using William Fine method, and then risk scores were obtained. Afterwards, Risk Perception Questionnaire was used to collect information about risk perception in the workers. Results: In total, 265 job activities along with 2684 risks were identified and evaluated in 7 units of sections in the steel industry. Conclusion: The results of risk assessment and risk perception in this study indicate that when safety risk is properly perceived by workers, the chance of observing safety codes and better detection of risks increases. Therefore, in the face of an unsafe condition at work, workers will be abed to make the right decision and control the risk and prevent work accidents by taking corrective measures and making safe and efficient decisions.

HUBUNGAN FAKTOR MANAJEMEN K3 DENGAN TINDAKAN TIDAK AMAN (UNSAFE ACTION) PADA PEKERJA PT PELABUHAN PENAJAM BANUA TAKA

Tenaga kerja merupakan salah satu komponen terpenting dalam pelaksanaan proyek dan merupakan aset yang menentukan bagi perusahaan. Oleh sebab dalam menjalankan bisnis usaha yang aman, maka penerapan K3 harus dilaksanakan secara konsisten sesuai dengan UU Keselamatan Kerja No.1 Tahun 1970 dan UU Ketenagakerjaan No. 13 Tahun 2003 yang menyatakan bahwa pengusaha wajib melindungi pekerja dan potensi bahaya yang dihadapinya. Kecelakaan industri adalah kejadian kecelakaan yang terjadi di tempat kerja, khususnya di lingkungan industri. Kecelakaan industri secara umum disebabkan oleh 2 (dua) hal pokok yaitu tindakan tidak aman (unsafe action) dan kondisi tidak aman (unsafe condition). Tindakan tidak aman (unsafe action) adalah kegagalan (human failure) dalam mengikuti persyaratan dan prosedur-prosedur kerja yang benar sehingga menyebabkan terjadinya kecelakaan kerja. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh komitmen dan kebijakan K3, perencanaan K3, pelaksanaan K3, serta pemeriksaan dan tindakan perbaikan K3 terhadap tindakan tidak aman pada pekerja PT. Pelabuhan Penajam Banua Taka. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer yang diperoleh dengan menyebarkan kuesioner kepada karyawan PT. Pelabuhan Penajam Banua Taka berjumlah 50 karyawan. Teknik analisis data menggunakan teknik analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada pengaruh secara serempak komitmen dan kebijakan K3, perencanaan K3, pelaksanaan K3, serta pemeriksaan dan tindakan perbaikan K3 terhadap tindakan tidak aman dengan nilai signifikansi masing-masing variabel sebesar sebesar 0,000 kurang dari taraf signifikansi a = 0,05. Selain itu hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan ada pengaruh secara parsial komitmen dan kebijakan K3, perencanaan K3, pelaksanaan K3, serta pemeriksaan dan tindakan perbaikan K3 terhadap tindakan tidak aman.

Faktor-Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Perilaku Pelaporan Kecelakaan Kerja pada Pekerja Bagian Produksi PT. X Tahun 2020

Masih kurangnya kesadaran pekerja dalam pelaksanaan pelaporan kecelakaan kerja dapat menghambat praktik keselamatan kerja diperusahaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pelaporan kecelakaan kerja. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Faktor-faktor yang diteliti adalah faktor internal (usia, jenis kelamin, pendidikan, masa kerja, pengetahuan, sikap, riwayat cidera, unsafe action) dan faktor eksternal (dukungan rekan kerja, dukungan atasan, punishment, dan unsafe condition). Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh pekerja bagian produksi yang berjumlah 193 pekerja dan sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 143 pekerja. Penentuan sampel dengan menggunakan teknik proportional random sampling. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer berupa kuesioner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan uji chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pekerja dengan pelaporan kecelakaan kerja yang baik sebanyak 67,1%. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa ada 9 variabel yang berhubungan dengan pelaporan kecelakaan kerja yaitu variabel usia (Pvalue 0,021), jenis kelamin (Pvalue 0,009), pendidikan (Pvalue 0,030), pengetahuan (Pvalue 0,000), unsafe action (Pvalue 0,035), dukungan rekan kerja (Pvalue 0,016), dukungan atasan (Pvalue 0,002), punishment (Pvalue 0,037), dan unsafe condition (Pvalue 0,035). Sedangkan variabel yang tidak berhubungan riwayat cidera, sikap, dan masa kerja dengan (Pvalue > 0,05).

INVESTIGATION OF POTENTIAL LANDSLIDES DUE TO LIQUEFACTION ON THE BALAROA ROAD SECTION USING THE LIMIT EQUILIBRIUM METHOD

The earthquake that occured on September 28, 2018 in Palu city triggered liquefaction. Balaroa is one of the affected locations by liquefaction. The Balaroa area has several landslides including the road section which causes slopes to form. The purpose of this study is to identify the potential of landslides due to liquefaction on the Balaroa road section based on numerical modeling using the limit equalibrium method. This study was carried out on the Balaroa road section, which is geographically located in West Palu sub district, Palu City, Central of Sulawesi Province. The slope stability analysis models three locations that are prone to landslides using the limit equalibrium method assisted by Slide 7.0 program.The results show that the safety factor value of those three locations on the Balora road section using methods of Ordinary, Bishop and Janbu is FS<1, it indicates that the slope is in unsafe condition and prone to lanslides, therefore it needs to be taken into consideration by government

Settlement of Geosynthetic Encased Stone Columns Liquefaction Condition in Box Culvert

When the box culvert system is placed on a sandy soil layer with a relatively low bearing capacity and is disposed to potential liquefaction, the soil layer must be repaired to avoid damages to the box culvert structure. The proposed method is Geosynthetic Encased Stone Columns (GESC) to increase the bearing capacity and anticipated the liquefaction potential. however, to meet the criteria for a stable and safe GESC soil improvement in liquefaction conditions, the value of the settlement must meet the requirements for the settlement permit limit. This research was conducted to determine the potential for liquefaction at the study location, to calculate the value of single and group settlements in liquefaction conditions and to analyze the stability of single and group settlements including safe or unsafe in liquefaction conditions. Analysis of liquefaction potential was analyzed based on SPT data using the Valera and Donovan method, and settlement analysis applied the Almeida and Alexiew method. The analysis shows that potential liquefaction due to an earthquake with a magnitude of 9.0 SR will be at a depth of 4 to 8 m. Single and group settlements (144 sets) with an installation distance of 1.2 m with a diameter of 0.4 m and at a depth of 10 m are 246.23 and 214.92 mm, respectively. The entire GESC system is considered to be in an unstable and unsafe condition against potential liquefaction and box culvert loading.

Identifying high-frequency–low-severity construction safety risks: an empirical study based on official supervision reports in Shanghai

PurposeFew of the established risk identification methods refer to low-severity yet high-frequency safety risks data that may lead to several safety risks being ignored, thus reducing the potential of learning from a considerable number of cases. The purpose of this study is to explore a new valid method based on preaccident safety supervision data to identify these minor construction safety risks during routine construction operations.Design/methodology/approachA total of 329 official construction safety supervision reports containing 5,159 safety problem records from Shanghai between 2016 and 2018 served as raw material for in-depth analysis. Given the characteristics of the data collected, text mining integrated with natural language processing was applied to review the supervision reports and group safety risks automatically.FindingsThis study clarifies the way in which the supervision data should be employed to analyze high-frequency–low-severity safety risks. From these data, seven unsafe-act-related and nine unsafe-condition-related risks are identified. Regarding unsafe-act-related risks, inappropriate human behaviors could usually occur in personnel management, contract management, expense management, material management and acceptance work. For unsafe-condition-related risks, hoisting, scaffolding and reinforcement works are the main generators of onsite safety hazards during construction operations.Practical implicationsThe study includes implications for project managers and supervisors to facilitate more effective proactive risk management by paying more attention to collecting and employing the supervision data established in each routine inspection.Originality/valueWhereas previous research focused on analyzing severe accidents, this study seeks to identify the high-frequency–low-severity construction safety risks using the preaccident supervision data. The findings could provide a new thought and research direction for construction safety risk management.

PERANAN AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL UNTUK KESELAMATAN PENERBANGAN DI INDONESIA

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui peranan Air Traffic Control Untuk Keselamatan Penerbangan di Indonesia, Penerbangan merupakan sarana transportasi yang sudah dalam kondisi tidak aman (unsafe condition). Keselamatan merupakan hal yang harus diutamakan dalam dunia penerbangan. Untuk menciptakan keselamatan penerbangan, maka dibentuklah pelayanan pemandu lalu lintas udara yang disebut dengan Air Traffic Controller dan dianggap sebagai salah satu pekerjaan yang memiliki tuntutan kerja tinggi dan merupakan salah satu profesi yang memiliki tingkat stres tinggi dikarenakan beban tanggung jawab pekerjaan Air Traffic Controller sangat berat. Stress merupakan efek dari beban kerja yang tinggi. Stress akan meningkat jika terjadi sesuatu hal seperti cuaca yang buruk untuk penerbangan dan peralatan navigasi dan komunikasi yang tidak berfungsi dengan baik, sistem rotasi shift yang tidak sesuai atau tidak berjalan sebagaimana mestinya. Pekerjaan Air Traffic Controller membutuhkan aktivitas mental (dimensi Mental Demand) yang tinggi seperti berpikir, memutuskan, menghitung, mengingat, dan melihat atau memantau dalam melakukan pekerjaannya. Metode penelitian ini merupakan studi literatur dengan membandingkan beberapa teori yang ada, penelitian sebelumnya dan wawancara dengan beberapa narasumber. Hasil temuan ada persoalan teknis pada SDM Air Traffic Controller, Solusi untuk mengurangi tingkat beban kerja mental yang tinggi ialah dengan mempercanggih sistem peralatan radar, pengaturan shift kerja, dan perbaikan kebiasaan individual operator Air Traffic Controller ketika bekerja. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan, bahwa Seorang Air Traffic Controller idealnya harus memiliki stres kerja yang rendah. Resiko pekerjaan yang tinggi dan melibatkan nyawa orang banyak menjadi beban dan tanggung jawab tersendiri bagi seorang Air Traffic Controller.

Analysis of wind power potential as an electricity source for safety light and sign on limestone mining hauling road

A work accident can occur anytime and anywhere to the worker if they take unsafe action and are in an unsafe condition. Mining areas located in the hills have unsafe conditions for operating heavy equipment, such as steep terrain conditions, slippery roads, and foggy weather, and lack of lighting. Installation of light assign is the right step in reducing work accidents at night, foggy and rainy weather. Measurement of wind data and calculation of wind potential statistically using Weibull distribution. The parameter values of scale and shape are 1.67 and 1,71 respectively, with an average wind speed of 1,49 m/s and the wind power potential of 3.14 W/m2. Based on measurement and analysis results, this quarry always gets wind gusts both day and night, so it has the potential to take advantage of wind energy either on a small turbine scale or in small and medium electric power.