Job Safety Analysis and Hazard Identification of Welding Process in Semarang - JSA Method AS/NZS 4360:2004

Background: The welding workshop in Semarang City is spread over several areas in Semarang City. There are several types of work in welding workshops, namely, cutting raw materials, assembling, welding, grinding, sanding, and painting. This study aimed to analyze occupational safety and health risks in the informal welding workshop using the JSA (Job Safety Analysis) AS/NZS 4360:2004 Risk Management method. Method: This research was conducted using semi-quantitative method with descriptive analysis. A cross-sectional research design was used because data (observations, interviews, filling in risk analysis tables, work accidents, occupational diseases, and controls) were collected at a particular time. The study was conducted in Semarang, Central Java, and the population was all informal welding workshops. Result: This study showed that there are 8 types of welding tasks, 21 potential hazards, and 24 health consequences in a welding process. The total score calculated by multiplying "chance" by "severity" shows that 11 health consequences were acceptable risk while 13 others were high risk. Conclusion: The highest score of occupational health hazards was electric shock due to chipped cable, electric shock due to a chipped short circuit, and wet/rain/cloudy work area. Welders are recommended to follow the proper instruction in the welding process, and each workshop must provide a first aid box for its workers.

AGRICULTURAL EMERGENCY: IDENTIFYING RISK BASED ON AGRICULTURAL HEALTH NURSING

Objective: The aim of the study was to identify the integrated emergency risks of farmers based on nursing models in the agricultural area of Lumajang, Indonesia.Materials and Methods: A quantitative design with a descriptive approach was performed through the identification of threats, vulnerabilities, and capabilities in 357 farmers in integrated emergency response with cluster sampling techniques. Data was collected through questionnaires, interviews, and focus group discussions. Data analysis was carried out using the Job Safety Analysis scoring method of the Australian and New Zealand Standard on Risk Management. Results: The emergency risk of farmers based on agricultural nursing was the high category, the highest threat was direct contact with chemicals (95%), the highest contact chemicals are insecticides (57%), frequency of contact once a week (44%), and the highest vulnerability not having employment insurance (97%), the length of farming > 10 years (65%) and the length of work in 1 month 10-20 days (48%), long work on land 8-10 hours (5%) and no holiday in a month (20%), while the capability of farmers in first aid to accidents was low (44%).Conclusion: The emergency risk of farmers in Lumajang was high and the capability for emergency-response based on agricultural nursing was low. Keywords: Threats, vulnerabilities, capabilities, emergencies, farmers, agricultural nursing

Risk Assessment by Job Safety Analysis and William Fine Method and Comparison with Workers' Risk Perception Results

Background: Job analysis, detecting hazards, and measuring their relationship with risk perception in workers are efficient ways of preventing accidents. Therefore, the present study is an attempt to identify and assess the risk of job accidents in steel industry in the south of Iran in 2020 using job safety analysis and the William Fine method. The results are also compared with the workers' perception of risk. Methods: The study population consisted of workers in the supplementary section of the studied steel industry(N=169). All the collected data were analyzed in SPSS using frequency and percentage for description and simple/multivariate logistic regression for analysis with sig. equal to 0.05. To determine the risks, JSA was used. Risk assessment was also performed using William Fine method, and then risk scores were obtained. Afterwards, Risk Perception Questionnaire was used to collect information about risk perception in the workers. Results: In total, 265 job activities along with 2684 risks were identified and evaluated in 7 units of sections in the steel industry. Conclusion: The results of risk assessment and risk perception in this study indicate that when safety risk is properly perceived by workers, the chance of observing safety codes and better detection of risks increases. Therefore, in the face of an unsafe condition at work, workers will be abed to make the right decision and control the risk and prevent work accidents by taking corrective measures and making safe and efficient decisions.

Explaining How Management Safety Practices and Safety Programs Influence Job Safety and Employee Commitment

Job safety was examined as a mediator of the relationship between management safety practices, safety programs, and employee commitment in Ghana's mining sector. A descriptive study approach was used, specifically a cross-sectional survey. The research discovered a clear link between management safety practices and employee commitment. It was shown that management safety measures had a strong positive association with job safety. Job safety also had a significant positive relationship with employee commitment. The connection between management safety and employee commitment was mediated by job safety. This study demonstrates how safety at the workplace boosts employees’ commitment in achieving organizational goals. The study advises organizations operating in high-risk environments to adopt industry-wide standard safety practices to ensure employees can develop the sense of attachment required for organizational growth. This can be achieved when management shows concern for employees’ safety. This is the first research to look into the link between management safety practices in the workplace and employee commitment.

Analisa Potensi Bahaya dan Upaya Pencegahan Kecelakaan Kerja Dengan Job Safety Analisys (JSA) Pada Divisi Pencucian di PT “X”

The work process in the washing division of the "X" Company consists of three kinds of processes: washing, squeezing and drying. All of these work processes involve interactions between workers, raw materials, equipment and the environment. These interactions can create hazards and risks to both health and accident risks if they are not carried out according to the correct procedures and steps. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential hazards and risk rating in order to provide recommendations for their control in the washing division of the "X" Company. The research method is observational, which is only observing objects without controlling any variables. The steps taken are to identify and analyze the existing hazards and the risks that may occur so that analysis of potential hazards, types of accidents that may occur and recommendations for their control is needed. The research results show that the potential hazards in the washing division are 52, consisting of 46 ergonomic hazards and 6 chemical hazards. On this basis, recommendations for control have been prepared to prevent accidents that must be carried out.

PENGAPLIKASIAN JOB SAFETY ANALYSIS (JSA) DAN METODE RAPID UPPER LIMB ASSESSMENT (RULA) PADA PEKERJAAN MANUAL HANDLING

Manual Handling is the process of lifting, moving, placing, pushing, pulling, sliding, and supporting loads with the hands and body. There are 5 work processes at PT. Aura Mandiri Sejahtera still manually which is identified as an ergonomic hazard due to a mismatch between the tool or machine and the posture of the workers. The 5 work processes are the Stone Retrieval Process, the Stone Collection Process, the Stone Lifting Process to the Car Body, the Sand Extraction Process, and the Sand Lifting Process to the Car Body. The purpose of this study was to identify the hazards of manual handling work using JSA and to assess the risks of manual handling work using the RULA method at PT. Aura Mandiri Sejahtera. This type of research is a qualitative descriptive research was conducted from February to August 2021 at PT. Aura Mandiri Sejahtera. The results showed that from 5 manual handling work processes at PT. Aura Mandiri Sejahtera there are 5 ergonomic hazards identified using JSA and when a work risk assessment is carried out using the RULA method, it is found 4 work process with a score of 7 that means efforts must be made to change the work process immediately. for change efforts are expected to the leadership of PT. Aura Mandiri Sejahtera carries out work risk control by modifying work tools in the form of providing or replacing work equipment in accordance with the worker's body posture

IDENTIFIKASI BAHAYA DAN PENILAIAN RISIKO PADA PROSES PEKERJAAN PEMASANGAN ATAP SANDWICH PANEL

Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bahaya dan risiko pada proses pekerjaan pemasangan sandwich panel, proses identifikasi bahaya dan risiko menggunakan instrumen lembar Job Safety Analysis sedangkan penilaian risiko menggunakan metode semi kuantitatif W.T Fine J yang mengacu pada standar AS/NZS 4360:2004 tentang Risk Management. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode observasi lapangan, wawancara dan focus group discussion. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dalam bentuk tabel identifikasi bahaya dan penilaian risiko kemudian dideskripsi secara objektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat enam bahaya dalam proses pekerjaan pemasangan sandwich panel antara lain bahaya mekanis, listrik, fisik, biologi, ergonomis dan biologis. Risiko yang teridentifikasi sebanyak 21 risiko dengan 7 level risiko Very High (33%), 5 level Priority 1 (24%), 6 level Substansial (29%) dan 3 level Priority 3 (14%). Kata kunci: Identifikasi bahaya, penilaian resiko, JSA, sandwich panel Abstract This study aims to determine the hazards and risks in the work process of installing sandwich panels, the process of identifying hazards and risks using the Job Safety Analysis sheet instrument while the risk assessment uses the semi-quantitative W.T Fine J method which refers to the AS/NZS 4360:2004 standard on Risk Management. Data collection was carried out using field observations, interviews and focus group discussions. The data obtained were analyzed in the form of a table of hazard identification and risk assessment and then described objectively. The results showed that there were six hazards in the work process of installing sandwich panels, including mechanical, electrical, physical, biological, ergonomic and biological hazards. The identified risks were 21 risks with 7 levels of Very High risk (33%), 5 levels of Priority 1 (24%), 6 levels of Substantial (29%) and 3 levels of Priority 3 (14%). Keywords: Hazard identification, risk assessment, JSA, sandwich panel

Pemetaan Risiko Pekerja Konstruksi Berbasis Metode Job Safety Analysis Di PT BBB

The growing rapid infrastructure jobs have been acknowledged in line with rapid development of instfrastructure project in this nation. PT BBB is a prominent construction enterprise with specialize in both corporate and government project. As such project profoundly depend on human worker, a number of accident occurred which caused delay to finish scheduled task. This study aim to mapping degree of accident risk in order to mitigate risk likelihood. Job Safety Analysis is used as research approach. This research begun in determining working activities breakdown, followed by describing and identifing hazards in each working activity, and finally propose a mitigating scenario in order to eliminate work accidents. The results showed that there were 208 accidents. Those accidents have been calculated from seven working activities breakdown. Furthermore, it is found 22 potential hazards with likelihood risk as follow : 4 potential hazards is consideredaas low level risk, 8 potential hazards is determined in moderate level risk, 6 potential hazard is classified in high level risk and finally 4 potential hazards is considered as extreme level risk.

Evaluation of the relationship between the uses of safety procedures in the rate of human error in Yazd Combined Cycle Power Plant

Introduction: About 60 to 90 percent of an accident in the industry is caused by human error. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of safety procedures in reducing human error in Yazd Combined Cycle Power Plant employees. Materials and Methods: The present study is a quasi-experimental intervention that was conducted aimed to measure the human error of 121 employees of Yazd Combined Cycle Power Plant in 5 occupational groups (safety and firefighting, generator operation, generator operation, chemical refinery, warehouse keeping, and generator repair) in 2020. First, job safety analysis (JSA) was performed. Safety procedures related to each job were prepared, and with the help of their items and observing the process of doing work, the percentage of human error before and after the investigation was calculated. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistical indicators including mean, standard deviation, median, interquartile range, frequency and frequency percentage, and Wilcoxon nonparametric test by SPSS software version 24. The significance level was considered 0.05. Results: A study on five main jobs, according to Wilcoxon test results showed, the highest and lowest human error percent before the intervention was related to generator repair occupational groups (58.59%) and warehouse keeping (4.16%). A significant difference was between human error percent before (433.41 ± 35.14) and after (440.21 ± 29.29) the intervention (p <0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that performing job safety analysis and implementing safety procedures related to each job will decrease people's human error percent. Therefore, the implementation of safety procedures related to each job was suggested to the industry. This procedure must be obtained by careful job analysis, and an appropriate procedure should be developed using a panel of experts.