Ethical identification of Muslim women on Mandangin Island: An ethnographic study

In a community, ethics have a connection with religion. A person whose religion is vital would respect the ethics associated with that religion. Along with the current technology development, community ethics have begun to change, whether quickly or slowly. In a community, this change of ethics happens because it follows the development within modernism and globalization. This study explores the ethical identification of Muslim women in Mandangin Island, Madura Island, East Java. This study uses an ethnographic method that refers to Spradley’s. Data obtained from interviews with female informants who are categorized: adolescents, mothers, and grandmothers. Based on this research data, it is known that there are three ethics of Muslim women in Mandangin Island. First, they uphold ethics, who into this group (from young to old) do not want to ride a motorbike and wear jeans that are respected on and off the island. Second, those who carry out an ethical transformation, in this group, they (teenagers) adhere to manners while on Mandangin Island; however, they ride motorbikes and wear jeans outside the island. On the one hand, those who fall into this category want to appreciate and uphold ethics in the people of Mandangin Island and want to follow modernism. They want to be able to ride motorbikes and wear jeans like most women. Third, those who violate ethics. It is most unusual for the third category because Muslim women consider themselves to adhere to religion and ethics.

The Factors Causing The Emerging of Transactional Politics in The Local Election in East Kalimantan 2005 From The Perspective of Siyasah Syar'iyyah

This study examines the practice of the Pilkada (Regional election) that took place in East Kalimantan in 2005. The aim is to obtain an overview of the extent to which the democratic process meets the quality standards desired by law and society at large. Based on the findings of the research, the quality standard is not met optimally due to the emergence of several fraudulent practices, one of which is in the form of transactional politics. Transactional politics or what in an Islamic perspective is called risywah (bribery) are strongly prohibited in legislation and haram in Islamic law. However, the reality is that such practices still take place in certain ways, such as gifts, shadaqah, wages, transport fees, and several other ways to get rid of the impression of bribery. This phenomenon occurs due to several factors including 1) weak regulation and law enforcement; 2) weak understanding of politics; 3) weak community ethics; 4) economic factors.

Pengembangan Wisata Religi Gua Maria Golo Curu di Kota Ruteng, Manggarai, Nusa Tenggara Timur

Interesting tourist attractions that are not yet known by many people, one of them such as Maria Golo Curu Cave has a great opportunity to be used as a religious tourism destination in the City of Ruteng, Manggarai Regency, but a very unfortunate phenomenon that its development has not been maximized. The purpose of this study is to identify existing attractions, such as natural, cultural, artificial attractions and maximize the development of Golo Curu as a religious tourism destination by using SWOT analysis which is an analysis based on strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. The results of the study concluded that, the advantage of the Golo Curu Maria Cave is the natural beauty that is still beautiful and unspoiled by human hands, not only as a place to pray but also as a place to relax and become a beautiful photo spot. The disadvantage is, access to the damaged and disturbing Golo Curu visitors, lack of maximum management and maintenance that is lacking, does not have parking space, and is associated with less commendable community ethics. Thus, the priority of developing religious tourism with the SWOT approach is to preserve the attractiveness and culture of religious activities, improve access to the Golo Curu, improve existing management, provide parking, support each organization participating in tourism activities, support existing tourism services so that the creation of tourism employment opportunities, involving rural communities in every decision-making and every tourism activity. Keywords: Attraction, Development, Religious Tourism, SWOT Approach

Values-related and Moral Foundations of legal Nihilism of Youth

Researching the psychological causes of legal nihilism in young people is urgent nowadays due to the considerable negative effect which this problem has on the society. Previous studies of psychological causes of legal nihilism often didn't take into account contemporary theoretical approaches (such as Moral Foundations Theory by J. Haidt) and relied on tools with unknown psychometric characteristics. The current research checked the hypothesis of values-related and moral foundations of legal nihilism in young people. Values were diagnosed with PVQ-R2 Questionnaire (S.Schwartz et al.), moral sphere - with Moral Foundations Questionnaire MFQ-Ru (O.A.Sychev et al.). In order to diagnose legal nihilism, a questionnaire was made which includes two scales characterizing disbelief in the law either as a generalized attitude (ideological legal nihilism) or disbelief in the law enforcement system as a result of enforcement practices (pragmatic legal nihilism). By the use of the confirmatory factor analysis it was shown that the separation of these constructs within the structure of legal nihilism (despite their strong correlation) was justified. Based on a sample of 283 students we established that legal nihilism in its different aspects is supported by the values of openness to changes, including independence of thought and conduct, hedonism and seeking stimulation, whereas it is opposed by the conservative values, including safety, tradition and conformism. Using structured linear modeling it was shown that belief in the rule of law is supported by autonomy ethics whereas trust in the law enforcement system is supported by community ethics. The results refine the conclusions previously drawn about the relationship between legal nihilism and values and add to the idea about morals as the basis of legal consciousness.

Copyright Disclaimers in Fan Media: Cultural Practice and Legal Relevance

Disclaimers are used in diverse contexts of popular culture and for a wide range of purposes. With digitisation in general and the rise of participatory fan culture in particular, copyright disclaimers have become a familiar and common means of communication. In this paper, we define them as paratextual media of cooperation. The practice of disclaiming seeks to establish mutually accepted conditions for publishing works that owe their existence to different stakeholders. Embedded in empirical legal studies, our paper is based on our own empirical research and a thorough legal assessment of findings through the lens of German copyright law. Our qualitative study on disclaimers in fan fiction highlights a distinction between “vertical” forms of disclaimer usage addressing the copyright holders and creators of a reference work, and “horizontal” forms directed to either the potential readers or other fan fiction authors. While in general fan-made disclaimers are of no significant relevance from the perspective of German law, a closer look reveals a stronger impact in cases where creators and copyright holders publicly articulate attitudes towards fan production and/or set specific conditions. Beyond the law, as a practice, disclaiming is part of the nexus of informal rules and community ethics which guide users’ actions.