Vulnerability of Subaerial and Submarine Landscapes: The Sand Falls in Cabo San Lucas, Mexico

The coastal landscape of the south of the Baja California peninsula provides significant socio-economic benefits based on tourism. An analysis of coastal vulnerability was conducted for Cabo San Lucas, considering wave climate conditions, sediment characterization, beach profiles, and the historical occurrence of coastline changes, hurricanes, and El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events. The coastal scenery was also classified considering the landscape value of the environment from a touristic point of view, based on human and natural interactions on the landscape. Results show that the vulnerability increases close to the submarine sand falls, near intense urbanization, in resort areas, and at locations with narrow beach and dune widths. The degree of vulnerability along the coast alters abruptly, as urban and recreational sites alternate with natural sites. This coastline has seen exponential development since the 1980s, resulting in highly vulnerable areas with a low, and decreasing, touristic value, as the landscape has been changed into an urban settlement with limited natural attractions. Urban and recreational settlements threaten to cover dunes and reservoirs of natural sediments, increasingly affecting vulnerability in the area as well as the landscape values of many parts of the coast, including the submarine sand falls.

STRATEGI BRANDING DESTINASI WISATA PANTAI TANJUNG KELAYANG (OBJEK STUDI: PANTAI TANJUNG KELAYANG, KABUPATEN BELITUNG, PROVINSI KEPULAUAN BANGKA BELITUNG)

Belitung Island is aggressively pushing the tourism sector as a main sector. One of the attractions that many tourists are starting to see in Belitung is Tanjung Kelayang Beach. This beach has become a mass tourism attraction that is routinely visited in Belitung. Tanjung Kelayang Beach is not only known for its clean coastal scenery and clear waters but also as a starting point for island hopping activities. Now, Tanjung Kelayang Beach has to compete with other tourist destinations that have a stronger image and have been known by tourists for a long time. Tanjung Kelayang Beach has great potential to become a beach with a better known brand but there are still limited aspects of tourism support that is still lacking and promotion efforts that have not been effective. This study aims to provide a proposed strategy that refers to the components of destination branding to strengthen the image of the destination and build the competitive side of the tourist destination. The study was conducted using qualitative and quantitative approaches with descriptive analysis methods. The results of the study produced a proposed strategy to strengthen branding from various aspects, namely landscape, infrastructure, stakeholders and city behaviour such as the addition of diversity of new tourist attractions and tourist facilities, increasing the role of community and community participation and service quality as well as proposing promotional efforts in the form of selecting promotional media and types of tourism products. Keywords: Branding; Strategy; Tourism DestinationAbstrakPulau Belitung sedang gencar mendorong sektor pariwisata sebagai sektor andalan. Salah satu objek wisata yang mulai banyak dilirik wisatawan di Belitung adalah Pantai Tanjung Kelayang. Pantai ini telah menjadi objek wisata mass tourism yang rutin dikunjungi di Belitung. Pantai Tanjung Kelayang tak hanya dikenal akan pemandangan pantai bersih dan perairan jernihnya saja namun juga sebagai titik start penyeberangan untuk melakukan kegiatan tur pulau. Kini Pantai Tanjung Kelayang harus bersaing dengan destinasi wisata lainnya yang telah memiliki citra yang lebih kuat dan telah dikenal wisatawan sejak lama. Pantai Tanjung Kelayang memiliki potensi yang besar untuk menjadi pantai dengan brand yang lebih dikenal namun masih terdapat keterbatasan aspek penunjang wisata yang masih kurang serta upaya promosi yang belum efektif. Studi ini bertujuan untuk memberikan usulan strategi yang mengacu pada komponen-komponen destination branding untuk memperkuat citra destinasi dan membangun sisi kompetitif destinasi wisata. Studi dilakukan dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif dengan metode analisis deskriptif. Hasil studi menghasilkan usulan strategi penguatan branding dari berbagai aspek yaitu lansekap, infrastruktur, stakeholder dan sikap kota seperti penambahan keragaman atraksi wisata baru dan fasilitas wisata, peningkatan peran partisipasi komunitas dan masyarakat dan kualitas pelayanan serta upaya promosi berupa pemilihan media promosi dan jenis produk wisata yang akan dipromosikan.

The Willingness to Pay for Beach Scenery and Its Preservation in Italy

In order to understand the multiple values of landscape, this paper suggests an evaluative methodology that takes into account a quantitative approach, public opinion, and an economic estimation. This study analyzes the coastal scenery of 40 Italian beaches using a fuzzy logic and a Contingent Valuation (CV). Each site was classified into five categories: Class I beaches were littorals with high natural settings; Class II sites were natural and semiurban beaches having low influences by anthropic structures; Classes III, IV, and V had lower evaluations due to poor physical and human condition. A questionnaire survey analyzed beach users’ preferences, judgment, and Willingness to Pay (WTP). Results suggest that landscape judgment is directly correlated to scenery assessment; therefore, beaches of Class I and II were judged beautiful while beaches of Class IV and V had poor judgments. Similarly, the importance given to the landscape was highest in Class I and II than in the others. WTP for the conservation of the selected beaches was about €16 per season. Our findings suggest that people are disposed to pay more for a beach with the top-grade of scenery (Class I and II) and low grade of urbanization. Moreover, WTP would rise for females and for nonresident users with an academic degree, which appreciated the coastal landscape.

PENILAIAN OBYEK WISATA DAN KARAKTERISTIK PENGUNJUNG PANTAI AIR MATA PERMAI DESA SUNGAI AWAN KECAMATAN MUARA PAWAN KABUPATEN KETAPANG

One of the natural attractions in Ketapang Regency is Air Mata Permai Beach. This Tourism Object has natural attractions such as coastal scenery, sunset beauty, and others. The purpose of this study is to provide an assessment of the tourism objects and characteristics of visitors to Air Mata Permai Beach in Sungai Awan Village, Ketapang Regency. Research from May to June 2018, the research method uses a survey method by giving questionnaires or questionnaires as instruments to respondents by accidental sampling. The results of the study show that the assessment of potential objects includes the assessment of attractiveness, accessibility, accommodation obtains value (A) for the assessment of criteria for the conditions of the socio-economic environment and the assessment of supporting facilities and infrastructure gets a value (B). While the value for potential development of tourism object in Air Mata Permai Beach in Sungai Awan Village, Muara Pawan District, Ketapang Regency is 2,486.8 and the average value is 497.36 or value (A), which is potential to be developed. The characteristics of visitors Air Mata Permai Beach, which includes female sex, dominate around 53.30%, with the age of visitors who frequently visit an average of 13-22 years and the origin of visitors who dominate comes from Sungai Awan Village with a presentation of 26.68% because the location is close to the beach location.Keywords: , Assessment of Air Mata Permai Beach Objects, haracteristics of visitors

The Role of Beaches in the Tourism Offering

To position the tourism offering of the Municipality of Lovran, it must be adjusted to the modern needs of tourists. In this, a key role belongs to designing, implementing and sustaining an experience system as part of the destination’s integrated tourism product. Lovran as a tourist destination can become distinctive only to the extent to which it can provide services and facilities capable of satisfying the travel needs and motivations of tourists. When designing an experience system, the destination is generally in the focus of interest. This paper, however, takes a closer look at the thematization of beaches that are a part of Lovran’s tourism offering. Previous tourism development in Lovran has first and foremost been centred on the summer months when the sun, sea and beaches are the primary motivation for tourist arrivals. Lovran as a tourist destination, together with its beaches, provides opportunities that have yet to be fully valorised with regard to implementing the experience system in beaches. In this respect, the paper aims to highlight the need for beach thematization. Beach thematization is carried out in accordance with the vision of the destination to ensure the optimal distribution of bathers and to satisfy their preferences. A new classification of beaches is made according to the Bathing Area Registration and Evaluation (BARE) system, which is adjusted to the needs of the market. The BARE system categorises beaches based on their accessibility and coastal scenery. The purpose of the paper is to analyse beaches in Lovran and, in accordance with a beach’s potential, to propose a theme (eco beach, romantic beach, beach for families with children, etc.) for each one, based on the Regional Program for the Adaptation and Management of Seaside Beaches in Primorje-Gorski Kotar County. The authors conclude that beaches have a primary importance for most tourists as well as residents, making it essential to respect their physical, social and ecological carrying capacities.

Tennyson’s ‘Sea Dreams’: Coastal and Fiscal Boundaries

Alfred Tennyson’s ‘Sea Dreams’ (1860) offers a lyrical and dramatic re-inflection of an ill-fated investment made by the poet in the early 1840s. In this chapter, Tennyson’s poem, which frames a marital colloquy about financial misdealings with a resonant evocation of coastal scenery, is contextualised by reference to the nineteenth-century literary figure of the ‘confidence man’. The sociological ‘philosophy of money’ propounded by Georg Simmel and the Benjaminian concept of ‘caesura’ inflect this reading, while attention is also paid to the poem’s evocation of place as resonating with Tennyson’s response to the local coastal features of the Isle of Wight. This neglected text, the author suggests, is marked by what Angela Leighton more generally characterises as those Tennysonian ‘drowning places, of cavern and stream, of rumours, moans and melodies’ – places which offer a potent counterpoint to the poem’s overall theme of fiscal impropriety and compassionate forgiveness.