Pemanfaatan Nilai Budaya Ra’ian dalam Strategi Pendidikan Agama Kristen bagi Pembentukan Karakter Pemuda di Desa Sawang Utara Kecamatan Melonguane

The purpose of this research is to describe and analyze the characteristics and realities of the Ra'ian culture, the christian education strategy for the Ra'ian culture, the supporting and inhibiting factors and the efforts to implement the Rai'an cultural values ​in building the youth character. This research method is the descriptive qualitative research conducted in the North Sawang Village, Melonguane District in 2020. The data were collected through observation, interviews and documentary study. From the outcomes of the data analysis and interpretation, it is found that; (1). In reality, this Rai’an culture contains positive meaning in accordance with Christian teachings and has cultural values ​​that can be used as substance for the character building. The Rai’an culture has undergone a shift due to a lack of knowledge from the youth about the Rai’an culture. (2). Advice and sermons as the ways to build the character as they contain teachings based on the gospel, as well as the applicaton or approach of the five movements of the Groome as a way of instilling rai’an cultural values, 3). The supporting factors, namely parents at home who also collaborate with traditional elders, village leaders and religious figures, make customary activity programs. The inhibiting factors of social and Technology Advancements are uncontrollable use of collphones (online games) but also the social environment that drivers them to carry out deviant behavior. (4). The effort that can be made is to involve the youth in organizational activities in the village and in the church as well as seminars containing the cultural wealth that exists in the Talaud Island Regency, especially those in the village of North Sawang. As a conclusion of these findings, this Rai’an culture must be introduced to the youth properly in the way of utilizing the cultural values ​​as the teaching materials by Christian educators. The parents and the leaders of the village, custom and church work together to formulate programs in building the youth character.

Peran Tokoh Adat Dalam Melestarikan Pernikahan Adat Mata Malam Subsuku Dayak Sawe

Penelitian ini bertolak dari fenomena bahwa mulai lunturnya pelaksanaan pernikahan adat mata malam subsuku Dayak Sawe. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendeskripsikan peran tokoh adat dalam melestarikan pernikahan adat mata malam pada subsuku Dayak Sawe. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan jenis studi etnografi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data dilakukan dengan reduksi data, penyajian data dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) makna yang terkandung dalam pernikahan adat mata malam, yaitu kerukunan, ketaatan, keseimbangan hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan,alam dan sesama. (2) kendala yang dihadapi tokoh adat, yaitu teknologi komunikasi, masuknya budaya luar, generasi muda lebih tertarik pada budaya modern, masuknya agama Kristen yang menekankan tentang iman daripada tradisi (3) upaya yang dilakukan, antara lain tokoh adat melibatkan anak usia muda dalam setiap kegiatan adat, memberikan pemahaman kepada masyarakat bahwa menikah secara adat sangat penting sebagai upaya menjaga kelestarian adat dan cinta akan adat.This research departs from the phenomenon that the start of the fading of the traditional marriage mata malam of the subsuku Dayak Sawe. The purpose of this study was to describe the role of traditional leaders in preserving the traditional marriage mata malam of the subsuku Dayak Sawe.This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach to the type of ethnographic study. Data collection techniques are done by observation, interview and documentation. Data analysis technique is done by data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results showed that (1) the meaning contained in the traditional wedding of the night eye, namely harmony, obedience, the balance of human relations with God, nature and others, (2) the obstacles faced by traditional leaders, namely communication technology, the entry of foreign cultures, the younger generation being more interested in modern culture, the inclusion of Christianity which emphasizes faith rather than tradition (3) efforts are made, including traditional leaders involving young children in every customary activity, provides an understanding to the community that marrying in a customary manner is very important as an effort to preserve custom and love for adat.

Faktor Keselamatan pada Tradisi Ngundhuh Sarang Burung Walet di Desa Karangbolong, Kecamatan Buayan, Kabupaten Kebumen

Working at height is at risk of an accident. Accidents that often occur is falling. The accident was caused by the imbalance of the downloaders at the height. Tradition is a customary activity carried out in a traditional manner by the community. The purpose of this paper is to describe the safety factor of downloaders of swallow's nests. The method used in this paper is a qualitative method with a literature study approach. Data obtained from literature studies papers and previous journals as well as existing books. factors that affect the safety of swallow nest downloaders, namely the ritual of downloading swallow nest, the character of swallow nest downloader, and the use of personal protective equipment according to the standard. This paper is expected to be an evaluation material for swallow nest downloaders in Karangbolong Village, Buayan District, Kebumen Regency. Implications in daily life all work must pay attention to personal safety factors

POLA INTERAKSI MASYARAKAT PLURAL AGAMA DI KELURAHAN SEI GOHONG KECAMATAN BUKIT BATU KOTA PALANGKA RAYA PROVINSI KALIMANTAN TENGAH

All social activities occur in relationships and interactions. There are four religions that live side by side and exude amid differences in Sei Gohong, namely Islam, Protestantism, Kaharingan, and Catholicism. The four religions are embraced by people who come from one ethnic Dayak ethnic. The study was analyzed using the theory of social interaction, plurality of religions, conflict theory, social change, social action, symbolic interaction, and social construction. Research using grounded method. The results of this research are: first, there is interaction pattern in the form of cooperation as in dayak customary activity, the accommodation of socialization and economic activities in Sei Gohong, the three patterns of interaction in the form of assimilation, ie, mixed marriages of Sei Gohong residents with Dayak residents or mixed marriages of different religions of Sei Gohon., Fourth, the pattern of interaction in the form of competition and conflict between religious differences. Factors inhibiting the social interactions of plural communities religion in Sei Gohong that is, cultural change, amputation of kademangan institution and mentality betang as institution of plurality begin to retreat. The conclusion of this study that different religions is not a barrier to spontaneous social mechanisms and harmony of life in Sei Gohong.

Normal values for handgrip strength in 920 men and women aged over 65 years, and longitudinal changes over 4 years in 620 survivors

1. The maximal grip strength of the hand has been measured in a random sample of 359 men and 561 women aged over 65 years living in their own homes. The response rate was 80% from a representative demographic area of the U.K. Measurements were made of body mass, skeletal size (demispan) and grip strength. Grip strength was measured using a custom-built strain-gauged dynamometer. The best of three attempts was taken as definitive. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information about customary activity, use of handgrip muscles, health and psychological well-being. This was repeated with 620 survivors 4 years later. 2. The results for strength were normally distributed. The right hand was 10% stronger than the left and men had twice the strength of women. Strength was significantly related to skeletal size and in men to body mass. The gender difference was only partly accounted for by skeletal size and women were substantially disadvantaged in terms of their strength/body mass ratio. 3. There was a significant decline in strength with age of 2%/year for men and women. Strength was also significantly related to customary activity, reported use of the hands and psychological and physical health. 4. After 4 years 620 survivors were re-measured. Grip strength had declined by 12% in men and 19% in women and these losses were significantly related to age. A significant decline was also found in reported use, customary activity and health scores, and in women in body mass and psychological health. The loss of strength was significantly related to the decline in reported use of the hands but not to the other losses. 5. It is concluded that loss of strength over time in old age may be seriously underestimated by cross-sectional studies, especially in women; and that the loss is consistently and predominantly related to lack of use, rather than loss of health.

ICRC Mission in Algeria and Tunisia

Continuing its customary activity on behalf of prisoners and detained persons, the International Committee of the Red Cross sent a new mission to Algeria between November 24 and December 16, 1961.