multicriteria decision analysis
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2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murilo R. Santos ◽  
Luis C. Dias ◽  
Maria C. Cunha ◽  
João R. Marques

This paper is a systematic review of studies that used multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) to address plastic waste management. A literature search for scientific articles in online databases (Web of Science and Scopus) enabled us to identify 20 relevant papers from 2008 to 2021, spanning case studies in three continents. These studies focus on: plastics as a resource (material), plastics as a product (reverse logistics), and plastics as a problem (pollution). Content analysis methodology was used, with the focus being on how the authors used MCDA for managing plastic waste, which has relevance for researchers and practitioners. Alternative solutions were found for the selection of disposal methods for almost all types of plastic categorized in this review. The most popular method was AHP, followed by TOPSIS, outranking methods, MAUT/MAVT and simple weighted sums, with some studies including more than one method. The choice of criteria spanned operational (mostly), but also environmental and economic aspects to evaluate the alternatives. Less frequently, one finds criteria related to social, managerial, and political aspects. The weighting of the criteria was performed mainly by consulting experts, followed by decision makers. Representatives of the affected population or other stakeholders have been consulted only on a few occasions. The authors of the studies consider their application of MCDA was successful, highlighting mainly the importance of being able to encompass different dimensions in the evaluation of the alternatives and the transparency of the process. In most cases, a winning alternative emerged clearly, which sometimes was a combination of multiple strategies. We also report other recommendations of these authors concerning marine and terrestrial plastic waste management.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Haiying Liu ◽  
Lan Zhang ◽  
Nan Zhang ◽  
Yuehao Shen ◽  
Dejin Chen ◽  
...  

Objective. The study focused on the nursing strategies of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) in nursing supervision, so as to improve the survival rate and prognosis of patients with VAP. Methods. 200 patients of the database in the ICU who required mechanical ventilation were selected as research subjects. They were divided into control group and intervention group according to different nursing measures. The incidence of VAP was compared between the two groups, and 15 experts were consulted on the prevention measures of VAP. On the basis of ARIMA-GARCH mathematical modeling, using the method of multicriteria decision analysis, the cluster nursing strategy for ventilator-associated pneumonia patients was developed and verified. Results. In the control group, of the 34 patients infected with VAP, Gram-positive bacteria were detected in 11 cases, including 6 cases of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 3 cases of Escherichia coli, and 2 cases of golden yellow Staphylococcus. Gram-negative bacteria were detected in 10 cases, including 5 (50%) cases of Acinetobacter baumannii, 2 cases of Klebsiella pneumoniae, 2 cases of Brucella Bacillus, and 1 case of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the intervention group, 18 cases were diagnosed with VAP, including 4 (44.4%) cases of bacterial infection, 3 (44.4%) cases of virus infection, and 2 (22.2%) cases of fungal infection. According to the opinions of the 15 experts, a total of 6 bundled measures were adopted to prevent VAP, including 0.1% chlorhexidine for oral care; strict implementation of hand hygiene; the daily wake-up for spontaneous breath training and extubation assessment; continuous subglottic suction; raising the bed head by 30°–45°; and nasal feeding through the nasal tube without special condition. Conclusion. There are many factors that affect the occurrence of VAP in mechanically ventilated patients in the ICU, and the imperfect measures of bundles of care are the main one. The implementation rates of distinct intervention strategies are different. The implementation rate of 2 measures is lower than 95%, which are the continuous subglottic suction and daily wake-up for spontaneous breath training and extubation assessment.


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (22) ◽  
pp. 7009
Author(s):  
Magdalena Fabjanowicz ◽  
Justyna Płotka-Wasylka ◽  
Marek Tobiszewski

This study presents the application of one of the tools from the multicriteria decision analysis set (MCDA), the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS). Selected green analytical chemistry metrics were used to rank analytical procedures for the phthalate determination in disposable baby diapers. Nine analytical procedures were assessed in order to find one that has the lowest environmental impact and the best analytical figures of merit. Nine different criteria, where weighting was based on the experts’ evaluation, were used in the procedures’ assessment. With the use of TOPSIS, an easy and straightforward technique, selection of the most appropriate procedure was made.


Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 3180
Author(s):  
Nelson Carriço ◽  
Dídia Covas ◽  
Maria do Céu Almeida

This paper demonstrates the application of multicriteria decision analysis (MCDA) methodology in a real case study aiming to choose the best rehabilitation intervention of an industrial water main. This methodology is composed of three main stages: problem identification, structuring, and evaluation. Problem structuring, a crucial stage for the outcomes, includes identifying objectives, selecting scenarios within the analysis period, defining problem alternatives, and defining the problematic type. Problem evaluation includes the selection of assessment metrics, selection of the aggregation method, application of the method, and a sensitivity and robustness analysis. Two scenarios, nine assessment metrics, and seven alternatives are established, and two ranking methods (the additive model and ELECTRE III method) are used to compare the alternatives. The results show that the best solution corresponds to building a new pipe and deactivating the existing one, as it significantly reduces the pipe failure risk and O&M costs, whereas the worst solution is always the status quo case, since it is the only alternative that does not improve the system performance, independently of the ranking method and the analyzed scenario.


2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (7) ◽  
pp. 801-820
Author(s):  
Holly O. Witteman ◽  
Ruth Ndjaboue ◽  
Gratianne Vaisson ◽  
Selma Chipenda Dansokho ◽  
Bob Arnold ◽  
...  

Background Patient decision aids should help people make evidence-informed decisions aligned with their values. There is limited guidance about how to achieve such alignment. Purpose To describe the range of values clarification methods available to patient decision aid developers, synthesize evidence regarding their relative merits, and foster collection of evidence by offering researchers a proposed set of outcomes to report when evaluating the effects of values clarification methods. Data Sources MEDLINE, EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and CINAHL. Study Selection We included articles that described randomized trials of 1 or more explicit values clarification methods. From 30,648 records screened, we identified 33 articles describing trials of 43 values clarification methods. Data Extraction Two independent reviewers extracted details about each values clarification method and its evaluation. Data Synthesis Compared to control conditions or to implicit values clarification methods, explicit values clarification methods decreased the frequency of values-incongruent choices (risk difference, –0.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], –0.06 to –0.02; P < 0.001) and decisional conflict (standardized mean difference, –0.20; 95% CI, –0.29 to –0.11; P < 0.001). Multicriteria decision analysis led to more values-congruent decisions than other values clarification methods (χ2 = 9.25, P = 0.01). There were no differences between different values clarification methods regarding decisional conflict (χ2 = 6.08, P = 0.05). Limitations Some meta-analyses had high heterogeneity. We grouped values clarification methods into broad categories. Conclusions Current evidence suggests patient decision aids should include an explicit values clarification method. Developers may wish to specifically consider multicriteria decision analysis. Future evaluations of values clarification methods should report their effects on decisional conflict, decisions made, values congruence, and decisional regret.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Kilicoglu

Abstract In addition to population growth throughout the world due to migration from rural to urban areas, population density is constantly increasing in certain regions, thereby necessitating the introduction of new settlements in these regions. However, in the selection of settlement areas, no sufficient preliminary examinations are conducted; consequently, various natural disasters may cause significant life and property losses. Herein, the most suitable settlement areas were determined using multicriteria decision analysis in Canik District, where the population is constantly increasing. Therefore, this study is aimed to incorporate a new perspective to the studies on this subject. Within the scope of the study, landslide and flood risks, which are among the most important natural disasters in the region, were primarily evaluated, and risky areas were determined. Thereafter, suitable and unsuitable areas in terms of biocomfort, which affect people’s health, peace, comfort, and psychology, and which are also significant in terms of energy efficiency, were determined. At the last stage of the study, the most suitable settlement areas that are suitable in terms of both biocomfort and low level of landslide and flood risks were determined; the calculated proportion of such areas to the total study area is only 2.1%. Therefore, because these areas are insufficient for the establishment of new settlements, areas with low landslide and flood risks but unsuitable for biocomfort were secondarily determined; the ratio of these areas was calculated as 56.8%. The remaining areas are inconvenient for the establishment of settlements owing to the risk of landslides and floods; the ratio of these areas was calculated as 41.1%. The study is exemplary in the respect that the priority for the selection of settlement areas is specified, which can be applied for selecting new settlements for each region considering different criteria.


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