The Australian National Disability Insurance Scheme and People With Disabilities From CALD Backgrounds

The National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) is considered to be the second greatest reform in healthcare in Australia after the introduction of Medicare in Australia in 1983. This reform was introduced in 2012 in two phases. The first phase as a trial took place for three years. The expectation was that the reform will be rolled out by 2019 or 2020. This article argues that the trial implementation process has achieved very positive outcomes in the lives of a great number of people with disability in Australia. At the same time, NDIS is facing many serious challenges in some areas. One of the obvious challenges is that this reform is a market approached reform. The second challenge relates to meeting the needs of minorities. People with disabilities from Culturally and Linguistically Divers (CALD) backgrounds are one of the five most venerable, underutilised users of NDIS services in Australia. They have no strong voice and negotiable abilities. The main question here is how NDIS is to meet its commitment to satisfy the needs of these vulnerable people in Australia.

Pengembangan bahan ajar e-book akuntansi keuangan kelas XII SMK pada materi aset tetap berwujud berbasis pendekatan saintifik

In 21st century education, the use of information technology is needed to facilitate learning activities, especially in the development of learning materials. For example, the use of electronic teaching materials in the form of e-books. The research was carried out with the aim of developing and analyzing the feasibility of the financial accounting e-book teaching material for class XII SMK in the material of tangible fixed assets based on a scientific approach as well as knowing the responses of students after being given e-book teaching materials. The 4D model by Thiagarajan, Semmel and Semmel is used in this research and development (R&D) research. The steps taken are define, design, develop, while disseminate was not carried out. The research data were analyzed using quantitative descriptive analysis techniques. Obtaining the feasibility of the results of this study revealed that the validity of the material, language, and graphics were categorized as very feasible. A total of 20 students from class XII AKL SMK Rajasa Surabaya gave their responses to the e-book teaching material as a limited trial implementation that obtained a very well-understood interpretation. Thus, the e-book teaching materials for Financial Accounting class XII SMK on tangible fixed assets based on a scientific approach can be used in the learning process

The Community Lab of Ideas for Health: Community-Based Transdisciplinary Solutions in a Malaria Elimination Trial in The Gambia

Background: Community participation in global health interventions may improve outcomes and solve complex health issues. Although numerous community participatory approaches have been developed and introduced, there has been little focus on “how” and “who” to involve in the implementation of community-based clinical trials where unequal distribution of power between implementers and communities pre-exists. Addressing how to achieve community-based solutions in a malaria elimination trial in The Gambia, we developed the Community Lab of Ideas for Health (CLIH): a participatory approach that enabled communities to shape trial implementation.Methods: As part of transdisciplinary research, we conducted qualitative research with in-depth interviews, discussions, and observations in 17 villages in the North Bank Region of The Gambia between March 2016 and December 2017. We designed an iterative research process involving ethnography, stakeholder-analysis, participatory-discussions, and qualitative monitoring and evaluation, whereby each step guided the next. We drew upon ethnographic results and stakeholder-analysis to identify key-informants who became participants in study design and implementation. The participatory-discussions provided a co-creative space for sharing community-centric ideas to tackle trial implementation challenges. The proposed strategies for trial implementation were continuously refined and improved through our monitoring and evaluation.Results: The CLIH incorporated communities' insights, to co-create tailored trial implementation strategies including: village health workers prescribing and distributing antimalarial treatments; “compounds” as community-accepted treatment units; medicine distribution following compound micro-politics; and appropriate modes of health message delivery. Throughout the iterative research process, the researchers and communities set the common goal, namely to curtail the medical poverty trap by reducing malaria transmission and the burden thereof. This innovative collaborative process built trust among stakeholders and fully engaged researchers and communities in co-creation and co-implementation of the trial.Discussion: The CLIH approach succeeded in touching the local realities by incorporating a spectrum of perspectives from community-members and discerning project-derived knowledge from local-knowledge. This process allowed us to co-develop locally-oriented solutions and ultimately to co-establish an intervention structure that community-members were ready and willing to use, which resulted in high uptake of the intervention (92% adherence to treatment). Successfully, the CLIH contributed in bridging research and implementation.

Booklet Development of Inorganic Fertilization System Based on Problem

The use of inorganic fertilizer in the tillage was mostly used by Sikkanese. The reason was the large supply of inorganic fertilizer on the market, fast response, easy to absorb, and not to waste times. In the implementation, inorganic fertilizer was not used accordance with the stipulation of the four rights (4T): right dose, right time, right place, and right source. The result was the decrease of soil quality and the death of soil-degrading microorganisms so that the soil became infertile. Therefore, the booklet as a learning media gave the right information about the proper fertilization system. The research aims to know the appropriateness of the booklet development of inorganic fertilization system. The method used was the research and development (R n D) method by adopting a Borg and Gall model. The sample was taken by using purposive sampling. The analysis technical was validity analysis (valid percentage) and appropriate analysis (Widoyoko categorial). The result of the study showed that the booklet was appropriated to use as a medium of information for the farmer with the feasibility category both at the initial field trial and field trial stages. Furthermore, in the field trial implementation, the booklet was suitable to use with the very good feasibility category.