Inventarisasi Jenis-Jenis Anggrek di Kawasan Banyak Angkrem dan Kedung Kopong, Kecamatan Salaman, Kabupaten Magelang, Jawa Tengah

Banyak Angkrem and Kedung Kopong are medium lowland tropical rain forest areas where many types of orchids can be found. This study aims to determine the types and diversity of orchids found in the area of ​​Banyak Angkrem and Kedung Kopong. Data was collected using the Visual Encounter Survey (VES) method with a radius to the right and to the left 5 m from the observation path with a research area ​​6.24 ha. The results showed that in the two areas found 15 species of orchids consisting of 10 species of epiphytic orchids (Acriopsis lilifolia, Agrostophyllum laxum, Bulbophyllum sp 1, Bulbophyllum sp 2, Dendrobium sagittatum, Dendrobium sp, Oberonia lotsyana, Pholidota sp, Polystaschya concreta, Vanila. planifolia) and 5 species of terrestrial orchids (Geodorum densivelorum, Malaxis ophrydis, Malaxis sp, Nervilia plicata, Perystilus goodyroides). The level of diversity (H ') of orchids in the two regions is classified as moderate with an H' value of 2.22

Dispersal of Insect at Honitetu Forest in West Seram District

The research objective was to determine the spread of insect species in educational forests and the diversity and abundance of insects. The research was carried out in the Educational Forest of ​​Honitetu in May - June 2020 using the method of drawing sample plots in ​​3 hectares, then an observation path was made using the path method for insect inventory and systematic sampling for vegetation inventory with the plot size. 20 m wide, 100 m long with a distance between lines of 20 m. Insects were collected using hand-collecting and pitfall trap methods at a distance of 10 m and bait traps every 10 m. The results of the study found 6462 insects consisting of 62 species in 12 orders, are Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Diptera, Blattaria, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Phasmatodea, Opiliones, Araneae, Mantodea in 35 families, namely Chrysomelidae, Cerambycidae, Formicidae, Apidae, Calliphoridae, Tettigoniidae, Acrididae, Grylludae, Blaberidae, Pentatomidae, Piesmatidae, Culicidae, Carabidae, Alydidae, Nanomatidae, Eresidae, Vespidae, Asilidae, Zodaridae, Buprestidae, Phasmatidaal, Blattidae, Platypezidae, Sarcophidae, Noctuidae, Rhaphidophoridae, Sclerosomatidae, and Ichneumonidae. Most species found from the Order Hymenoptera Family Formicidae and the most diminutive species found are the Order Lepidoptera Family Danaidae, Papilionidae, Nymphalidae, Order Hymenoptera Family Braconidae, and Order Opiliones Family Sclerosomatidae. The maximum H 'value is 4.127, the evenness index of 0.628 is classified as moderate, and the dominance index is 0.111 and is classified as low.

Distribution of Insect in Protected Forest Area in Ambon City

Insects are the dominant group of organisms and act as indicators of biodiversity, ecosystem health, and landscape degradation. The research objective was to determine the spread of insects in the Mount Nona Ambon Protected Forest. The research was conduct in January - March 2020 using Pitfall traps, light traps, Sweep nets, Bait traps, namely detergent, sugar solution and tuna fish. The research was carried out in 2 ha as many as five lanes with a systematic inventory sampling method where the length of the line was 100 meters, 20 m wide and 20 m spacing between lanes. The analysis use descriptively quantitative by calculating the Diversity Index (H ') of Shannon Winner, Abundance Index (K), Dominance Index (C) and Evenness Index. The results of the study found 4063 individuals, 13 species in five orders. The Hymenoptera order dominated the spread of insects in the protected forest of Mount Nona, the Formicidae family with the smallest number of 12 individuals, namely Isodontia auripes from the order Hymenoptera family Sphecidae, and the largest number of them was Anoplolepis gracilipes with 401 individuals from the order Hymenoptera family Formicidae. The difference in insects' spread in the observation path is thought to be caused by differences in microclimate, altitude, vegetation cover, insect movement, light intensity and food availability.

IDENTIFIKASI SPESIES BEGONIA LITOFIT DI KABUPATEN BENGKAYANG KALIMANTAN BARAT

Begonia is a plant from the flowering tribe of Begoniaceae which still has not revealed much diversity and potential. Begonia recorded in Borneo includes Brunei 21 species, Kalimantan 5 species, Sabah 82 species and Sarawak 96 species. Generally begonias are found in calcareous rocks also in sandy and granite rocks. Begonia can also be found around waterfalls or small streams. Begonia grows from lowlands to hilly forests. This study aims to identify the Begonia genus in Bengkayang Districts. This study uses an exploratory method by exploring the entire area from corner to corner by using the length of the observation path from the river bank to the height level representing ecosystems and vegetation on the location studied. Result of research there are species of Begonia serianensis C. W. Lin & C.-I Peng., Begonia promethea Ridl. Begonia calcarea Ridl., Begonia bawangensis Hughes. sp. nov. (in prep.) dan Begonia magnicarpa C.W.Lin & C. I Peng.Keywords: Bengkayang District, Identification, Litophyte Begonia.Begonia merupakan tumbuhan berbunga Begoniaceae yang masih belum banyak terungkap keanekaragaman dan potensinya. Begonia yang terdata di Borneo meliputi Brunei 21 spesies, Kalimantan 5 spesies, Sabah 82 spesies dan Sarawak 96 spesies. Umumnya begonia terdapat pada batuan berkapur juga di batuan berpasir dan granit. Begonia juga dapat ditemukan di sekitar air terjun atau aliran air kecil. Begonia tumbuh dari dataran rendah hingga hutan perbukitan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi spesies dari genus Begonia yang ada di Kabupaten Bengkayang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksplorasi dengan menjelajah seluruh kawasan dari sudut ke sudut dengan mengunakan panjang jalur pengamatan baik dari tepi sungai sampai pada tingkat ketinggian yang dapat mewakili ekosistem maupun vegetasi pada lokasi yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian terdapat lima spesies, yaitu Begonia serianensis C. W. Lin & C.-I Peng., Begonia promethea Ridl. Begonia calcarea Ridl., Begonia bawangensis Hughes. sp. nov. (in prep.) dan Begonia magnicarpa C.W.Lin & C. I Peng.Kata kunci: Begonia litofit, Identifikasi, Kabupaten Bengkayang.

Wind Profiling by Passive Optical Method

Possibilities of the wind speed profiling along an observation path of a distant object from the analysis of a video sequence of images of the object are studied in this work. The method is based on the analysis of two neighbor frames of a video sequence of incoherent images. The wind velocity retrieved is compared with data of acoustic anemometers.

Mammals diversity of mount sawal wildlife reserve, Ciamis, West Jawa

We conducted research on mammals diversity in the Mount Sawal Wildlife Reserve on March 2012. Data collection was obtained by direct observation and interviews. They are includes direct encounters, traces/signs of the mammals presence (ex: faeces, traces/footprints, odors, scratch marks, food scraps, etc.) as well as information from the community around the forest. Observations were carried out in seven observation path/forest block in Mount Sawal namely Belandongan, Cibaruyan Jero, Gintung, Gunung Luhur, Kigugula, Jamikuwu, and Sawah Gunung. We documented at least 10 species of mammals have been recorded, including Panthera pardus melas, Presbytis comata, Trachypithecus auratus, Macaca fascicularis, Muntiacus muntjak, Hystrix javanica, Aonyx cinereus, Prionailurus bengalensis, Mydaus javanensis, and Sus Scrofa. The existence of mammals is relatively evenly distributed in all observation path/forest block in The Sawal Mountain. Six species are protected by Indonesian Law, including Panthera pardus melas, Presbytis comata, Trachypithecus auratus, Muntiacus muntjak, Hystrix javanica, and Prionailurus bengalensis. Information on the diversity of mammals is expected to be a scientific consideration in the management area of the Mount Sawal Wildlife Reserve.

DIVERSITAS SEMUT (Hymenoptera : Formicidae) PADA LAHAN GAMBUT DI DESA KUALA DUA KABUPATEN KUBU RAYA

Secondary peatlands located in Kuala Dua Village, Kubu Raya Regency have various types of insects, one of which dominates is ants. Ants are members of the Order of Hymenoptera which have high diversity and complexity as social animals. Ants play a role in spreading seeds, other insect predators, spore spreaders, decomposers, ecological controllers. Information about the diversity of ants in Kubu Raya Regency is still very limited, especially those on peat land in Kuala Dua Village, Kubu Raya District, therefore research on ant diversity needs to be done with the aim to record the diversity of ants on these peatlands. Laying down the observation path is done intentionally (Purposive sampling). The method used is hand collecting and leaf litter sifting. The results shows that seven genera and four subfamily were obtained. Subfamily found is Formicinae, Ponerinae, Myrmicinae, and Dolichoderinae. The Subfamily Formicinae consists of the genus Camponotus, Colobobsis, Polyrhachis, Anoplolepis. The Ponerinae subfamily consists of the genus Leptogenys. Subfamily Myrmicinae consists of the genus Pheidole. The Dolichoderinae subfamily consists of the genus Ecphorella. The diversity index value on line 1 (1.30) is classified as medium category, line 2 (0.80) is classified as low category and line 3 (0.34) is classified as low category. The abundance index on line 1 (0.80) is classified as high category, line 2 (0.73) is classified as low category, line 3 (0.50) is classified as low category. The similarity index of ant species on line 1 and line 2 are (25%) which classified as low category. Line 1 and 3 are (57.14%) classified as medium category. The similarity index of ant species on line 2 and 3 (40%) were also classified as medium category.Keywords: ants, diversity, Kubu Raya District, peat land.

POLA PENYEBARAN CAPUNG (Odonata) DI KAWASAN TAMAN WISATA ALAM SURANADI KABUPATEN LOMBOK BARAT NTB

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pola distribusi capung (Odonata) di Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Suranadi. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif eksploratif yang dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan data ialah metode penangkapan capung dengan jaring serangga mengikuti empat jalur transek yaitu jalur pinggir kiri hutan, jalur pinggir kanan hutan, jalur tengah dan jalur air. Pengambilan data dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali pengulangan dalam waktu 1 bulan pada pagi hari pukul 08.00 – 11. 00 wita dan sore hari pukul 15.00–17.00 wita Perhitungan indeks pola penyebaran capung menggunakan rumus dari Southwood. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Jumlah spesies capung yang ditemukan di Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Suranadi terdiri dari 19 spesies yang termasuk kedalam 5 famili (2) Pola penyebaran capung berkategori mengelompok (15 spesies) dan pola penyebaran merata (4 spesies). Kata kunci: Capung, Pola Penyebaran, Suranadi. Abstract The aim of this research is to analyze the distribution pattern of the dragonflies (Odonata) in the Area of Nature Park Suranadi. This is an explorative descriptive study conducted in May 2017. The method used in data collection is survey method with sweeping net technique following observation path (Left Edge, Right Edge, Central Line and Water Line). Data retrieval is done 2 times repetition within 1 month in the morning at 08.00 - 11.00 pm and afternoon at 15.00-17.00 pm. The pattern analysis of the distribution of dragonflies using the formula variance value of Southwood . The results showed that (1) the number of species of dragonflies found in Suranadi Nature Park Area consists of 19 species belonging to 5 families (2) distribution pattern of dragonflies are distributed in groups (15 species) and uniform distribution pattern (4 species). Key words: Dragonflies, distribution Patterns, Suranadi.

Diversity of Species and Conservation Priority of Butterfly at Suranadi Natural Park of West Lombok, Indonesia

Butterflies play an important role in the ecosystem of Suranadi Natural Park in West Lombok. Butterflies help preserving the existence and diversity of flora by facilitating the process of pollination so it is crucial for flowering plants. The present study aimed at analyzing the diversity and determining the priority of butterfly conservation at Suranadi Natural Park of West Lombok. This exploration is a descriptive study. Data were observed in four-time repetition in the morning and in the afternoon for two months. The sweeping net technique following observation path was employed in this research (line left, line right, line central and line waterway). The data analysis used the Shannon-Wiener diversity index and priority for conservation determined by Ministry of Forestry Regulation Number: P.57 / Menhut-II / 2008. Fourty (40) species of butterflies belonging to 5 families identified. The diversity index (H ') of butterflies ranges from 2.63 to 3.43 (medium-high). The two species of the Papilionidae family found at TWA Suranadi, namely, Troides helena and Papilio memnon were the priority of conservation. This research would be helpful to consider conservation strategy and ecotourism.

POLA PENYEBARAN CAPUNG (ODONATA) DI KAWASAN TAMAN WISATA ALAM SURANADI LOMBOK BARAT

ABSTRAK Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pola distribusi capung (Odonata) di Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Suranadi. Jenis penelitian ini deskriptif eksploratif yang dilakukan pada bulan Mei 2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengambilan data ialah metode penangkapan capung dengan jaring serangga mengikuti empat jalur transek yaitu jalur pinggir kiri hutan, jalur pinggir kanan hutan, jalur tengah dan jalur air. Pengambilan data dilakukan sebanyak 2 kali pengulangan dalam waktu 1 bulan pada pagi hari pukul 08.00 – 11. 00 wita dan sore hari pukul 15.00–17.00 wita Perhitungan indeks pola penyebaran capung menggunakan rumus dari Southwood. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) Jumlah spesies capung yang ditemukan di Kawasan Taman Wisata Alam Suranadi terdiri dari 19 spesies yang termasuk kedalam 5 famili (2) Pola penyebaran capung berkategori mengelompok (15 spesies) dan pola penyebaran merata (4 spesies). Kata-kata Kunci: Capung, Pola Penyebaran, Suranadi. ABSTRACT The aim of this research is to analyze the distribution pattern of the dragonflies (Odonata) in the Area of Nature Park Suranadi. This is an explorative descriptive study conducted in May 2017. The method used in data collection is survey method with sweeping net technique following observation path (Left Edge, Right Edge, Central Line and Water Line). Data retrieval is done 2 times repetition within 1 month in the morning at 08.00 - 11.00 pm and afternoon at 15.00-17.00 pm. The pattern analysis of the distribution of dragonflies using the formula variance value of Southwood . The results showed that (1) the number of species of dragonflies found in Suranadi Nature Park Area consists of 19 species belonging to 5 families (2) distribution pattern of dragonflies are distributed in groups (15 species) and uniform distribution pattern (4 species). Key Words: Dragonflies, distribution Patterns, Suranadi.