A Constrained Kalman Filter for Wi-Fi-Based Indoor Localization with Flexible Space Organization

This paper presents a constrained Kalman filter for Wi-Fi-based indoor localization. The contribution of this work is to introduce constraints on the object speed and to provide a numerically optimized form for fast computation. The proposed approach is suitable to flexible space organization, as in warehouses, and when objects can be spun around, for example barcode readers in a hand. We experimented with the proposed technique using a robot and three devices, on five different journeys, in a 6000 m2 warehouse equipped with six Wi-Fi access points. The results highlight that the proposed approach provides a 19% improvement in localization accuracy.

ELEMENTS OF SPACE ORGANIZATION MANAGEMENT OF ENTERPRISES IN THE METAL MATERIALS INDUSTRY

The article has as a starting point the presentation and analysis of the advantages of spatial organization of enterprises, as a management method. Thus, we analyze: creating the optimal conditions for the rhythmic realization of the production process; ensuring greater flexibility in the use of means of production; the possibility of carrying out a maintenance and repair activity of the equipment without disturbing the technological production process; ensuring an efficient management of the production unit. We also analyze, critically and comparatively, the disadvantages of spatial organization, such as: the need for a high qualification of workers; the need for a very high volume of transport and handling; technical quality control is much more complex in the conditions of a diversified production; the production cycle of manufactured products is long.

Color and Coloristic Tasks in the Organization of the Methodology of Educational Projects in the Training of Architects and Designers at the University

The article is devoted to the meaning and use of the possibilities of color and pictorial combinations in architecture and design, when performing educational project tasks. The study examines the emerging problems in the organization of educational work. The purpose of the study is to create a comprehensive design methodology with the inclusion of a module of coloristic and color aspects. Possible methods of organizing project educational work are proposed. The advantages and disadvantages of performing these tasks are analyzed. The methods of project work are aimed at creating convenient and at the same time aesthetic architectural objects. The methods under consideration are based on practical work, which is the basis of any educational activity in the training of higher school specialists. When forming the educational methodology, the nature and technological possibilities of using color in the design of architectural and design solutions were taken into account. The presented project proposals are based on a practical experiment and demonstrate the possibilities of planning coloristic tasks. The study determines the problem based on the analysis of modern buildings and its architectural solutions. The analysis of this topic highlights the insufficient training of future specialists in the field of using the possibilities of color in architecture and design of residential and public buildings. The research suggests and analyzes artistic and aesthetic technologies of space organization. The results of the study put forward new tasks in the planning of educational design solutions, using color, harmony of the color palette, subordinate to the color and coloristic unity of the environment.

PHYSICAL-SPATIAL ASPECT IN LOCAL EXPRESSION OF TOWNSCAPE ON SAMIRONO YOGYAKARTA

- Cities change by time to time physically and non-physically. The city development produces a distinctive character even in the smallest urban creature. This distinctive character does not take quickly but is slowly and full of challenges. Townscape is a visual impression of buildings arrangement, roads, and spaces those are expressed organically to form urban spaces. Therefore, a townscape that exists in an urban area is created on delevlopment or grows by unintentionally. Apart from that, the character of a townscape from one place is different from the other. The townscapes had been created and specific in each place. The literatures for this research are: 'The Concise Townscape', 'The Aesthetic Townscape', and 'Road Form and Townscape'. The three literatures describe the existence of townscape in Europe and Japan. This is the basic knowledge in townscape and how it is applied in Indonesia, especially in the city of Yogyakarta. The urban space chosen in this research is Padukuhan Samirono. Padukuhan Samirono is located in the north of Yogyakarta City and is very close to Gadjah Mada University and Negri Yogyakarta University. Padukuhan Samirono is known as an area that provides student accomodation. The community still stand fot maintaining their cultural habit such as gathering, cultural performances, and parades. This study examines the Townscape in Padukuhan Samirono. The social and cultural activities expressed their locality as seen as in its townscape. The pictorial analysis method identify the elements of townscapes wich effects the urban space. By describing the elements of urban space with 7 factors: nature elements, space organization, mass, proportion, activity, carving, and streetscape, the local expression criteria of Padukuhan Samirono’s can be formulated. Based on observations, the local expression of townscape on Samirono changes into a modern form. This research attempts to enhance people’s aprrectiation about townscape, especially townscape in Indonesia. Key Words: townscape, pictorial analysis, Samirono, Javanese, locality

SMART APARTMENT DESIGN FOR A LOW MOBILE RESIDENT

The article considers the problem of design of a smart apartment as a new level of historical development of small housing. Various aspects of housing cell formation are considered in the scientific works of Bachynska L.G., Gnesya I.P., Gnat G.O. etc.The history of furniture development with the signs of transformation was studied by scientists: Bosyi I.M., Mygal S.P., Z. Dyachun., Vergunova N.S. The purpose of the study is to identify methods of forming the interior of a small residential cell, taking into account the requirements of comfortable living for a small mobile resident. Factors that determine the comfort of the living cell environment and the means to create conditions to ensure a comfortable stay and life in a limited area have been identified. One of the aspects of shaping the interior design of a smart apartment is the use of furniture-transformers. The classification of furniture-transformers according to the level of transformation is carried out: furniture that changes its position without changing the function; furniture that combines several functions; spatial «housing cube». The main directions of architectural and planning organization of smart apartments are identified: hotel-type apartment, studio apartment, apartment with two rooms, and their possibilities for organization of main functional zones. The basic expedient architectural and planning schemes of smart apartments with examples of their zoning, placement of furniture and interior design are developed and given. It was found that to create a barrier-free living environment for a low-mobility resident, the most acceptable schemes are a two-room apartment or a studio apartment, due to the size and square shape of the plan, which allows you to organize movement and access to furniture in a wheelchair. Based on a comprehensive consideration of the requirements for environmental comfort, regulatory requirements for barrier-free space, features of the use of furniture-transformers, compositional techniques of space organization, ergonomics and energy efficiency, the use of new technologies and modern environmental finishing materials, have been developed and implemented in real design smart apartment concept for little mobile resident. The description of project development with the substantiation of the accepted decision is given. According to the results of the study, recommendations for the design of the interior of a smart apartment for a low-mobile resident were formulated, including: «free floor», access and ease of use of furniture, equipment and technical equipment; use of furniture-transformers.

Flying with Covid: The visual presence of the pandemic in airports

Since the beginning of 2020, with the eclosion of the Covid-19 pandemic, airports have been included among the main hotspots for the diffusion of the disease. Several limitations affected the possibility for people to travel, with diverse approaches between the countries, and with differences among who was authorized to travel and who was not. This caused a contraction on the number of passengers transiting in the airports in all the countries. However the commercial international aviation has never stopped, and despite the reduction of passengers the airports managed to implement health security protocols for the Covid-19 diffusion control. Before the pandemic, other challenges already affected airports’ security protocols, such as the “terrorist threat”, making of these places “nervous systems” (as defined by Maguire and Pétercsak). After one year and half from the beginning of the pandemic, with the vaccination campaigns accelerating in various countries (with the clear differences due to governments’ political choices and countries’ access to vaccines) the air travels have returned to a condition similar to previous one. An increasing number of planes flying and an increasing number of passengers can be registered everywhere. Meanwhile, the sanitary attention to the Covid-19 diffusion contention continues to be a concern in the space organization of airports.This ethnographic photoessay aims at describing the visual presence of the Covid in the airports. The work focuses on four airports in three countries the author passed through in June 2021. They are the airports of Salvador da Bahia (Brazil), Lisbon (Portugal), Rome and Venice (Italy). Despite the differences between the countries in the approached adopted to contain the diffusion of the pandemic, airports are subjected to standardized international protocols. These are intended to (re)produce similar safety measures in the diverse airports. Meanwhile, airports are designed not to be identitarian, historical and relational, but yes to be experienced as “non places” (as Augé defined these places). However, each airport introduces several dimensions of its specific location, of its specific local health politics, of its specific passengers’ flow, and so on, making of them a peculiar place to observe the space design for Covid diffusion control. Despite the definition of the Covid as an “invisible enemy”, used in general media in diverse countries, the thesis is that the presence of the virus is highly visible to everyone passing in some airport, independently from the specific country. Meanwhile, the diverse airports introduce their own local and specific visual modalities to achieve passengers. Pictures included in this ethnographic photoessay focus on some of these modalities, such as the hand gel dispensers, instructions and prohibitions for preventing Covid dissemination, among other. Covid’s aesthetics in airports highlights how the pandemic affected people visual and sensorial experiences of these places and of their designs.

TO THE QUESTION OF SPACE ORGANIZATION OF BOOK ILLUMINATION OF LATE ANTIQUITY AND EARLY MIDDLE AGES (IV – VII CENTURY)

The article focuses on peculiarities of spatial organization of book miniature paintings of late antique and early medieval manuscripts (IV – VII centuries). The author analyses the problem of conveying illusion of depth in illustration in context of gradual transmission from roll to codex, which took place in antique book culture between the II and the V centuries. By analyzing survived fragments of illuminated rolls author displays characteristic features of their spatial organization and observes influence which had tradition of roll illustration on the development of codex. Nevertheless, precisely the miniatures of the codices that have come down to our time are in focus of the author’s attention. The stages of development of the text page, the peculiarities of interaction of text and images in codices are compared with the principles of space organization in miniatures. The article makes an attempt, relying on the monuments that have survived to our time, to consider the development of spatial constructions in the period of late Antiquity and early Middle Ages as a continuous process of evolution of the language of book painting. The author assumes that the development of spatial constructions in miniature painting does not imply sharp breaks or regression. Each new stage of the evolution arises from the previous one and makes it possible to expand the arsenal of artistic means which are necessary for solving artistic problems of the time. In accordance with this approach, the article concentrates not only on compositions in which a spatial illusion is created, but also miniatures that are in character more plane. As a result, the author reveals the main types of spatial constructions, considering all surviving monuments of miniature painting of that time. For each type of space organization, the author identifies the basic principles and artistic techniques that allow the artist to convey a sense of depth on the plane of page. The author pays special attention to the comparison of illusionistic tendencies in the late antique book miniature and “reverse perspective”, features of which are present in the monuments of the era. The author casts doubt on the need for a sharp contrast between these two approaches to space organization in the monuments of book miniatures of the era. He analyzes the reasons for the appearance of such features of space organization in miniature paintings of late antique and early medieval manuscripts, which are so important for the formation of artistic language of medieval book illumination.

METHODOLOGICAL AND TECHNICAL ENVIRONMENT OF WATERCOLOR PAINTING FOR STUDENTS-ARCHITECTORS

The article considers that watercolor technique is the most advanced one for the transfer of living architectural forms of structures in the drawing. Drawings of architectural projects should give a full understanding of the correct purpose, about the cost-effectiveness, strength and beauty of the future building. Therefore, drawings must be clear, understandable, expressive, their graphic performance must be based on the high foundations of realistic art. Watercolor is a professional and traditional visual means of an architect. Watercolor is an amazing material that combines the ability to comprehend both the pictorial, color organization of the image and the graphic, sign-tonal one. The architect, referring to the picturesque development of the drawing, first of all, must determine its purpose and choose from all the numerous visual techniques of watercolor painting those that will better contribute to the expressiveness of this drawing. Then they will be correctly used: the perfect visual equipment, a large arsenal of tools, a wide range of techniques, a large palette of colors, various possibilities of tools and materials. These features allow you to cope with multitasking in a wide variety of visual arts. The main features of watercolor painting are high airiness and transparency. However, architectural watercolor has its own specific conventions, some generalization, laconicism, business simplicity, clarity, a certain limited palette of colors, but at the same time it successfully fulfills its task only when it proceeds from the position of realistic painting.Such watercolor techniques as: “wet”, “dry”, “glaze”, “ά la prima” are considered The technique of watercolor painting is a visual reflection of the main theoretical postulates of the composite space organization on the plane. Watercolor techniques solve these problems and clearly show the interaction of tonal and color characteristics of all elements of the composition.

Cyberspace as a Metaphor of Being Online or a Particular form of Space Organization?

Cyberspace gradually becomes a place (state, space) in which more and more interactions between users take place. The boundaries between online and offline are progressively being washed away, and it will be increasingly important to be able to work with it adequately for research in pedagogy and historiography. I aimed to create an empirical probe into how the term “cyberspace” works by students of the Faculty of Arts of Masaryk University in Brno, or how they perceive it. For the research, I used the study of metaphors.

Exploring the potential resiliencies of traditional urban fabric.. Bazaar area in Sulaimani as a case study

The city is characterized by structure, urban space organization, and specific configurations of the urban fabric. These factors act on distinguishing the city and give it a specific identity with specific features. The urban fabric is different, according to its morphology, planning, and design characteristics. Thus, if we know that the city, affecting and affected by rapid changes in its structure, configuration and space organization, these changes and transformations, according to its topological relations, places and its structure are different in between the city. At the same time, the severity and degree of these impacts also vary from one another location. More areas that resist and hold up against these changes and maintain their structure are the traditional urban areas, usually located in city centers, which retain their identity, authenticity, and urban and physical specificities. The study attempt to find out and diagnose the factors affecting, and then clarify the features, which lead to making the fabric retain its originality, stand up against winds of ongoing changes and transformations that occur in traditional urban fabrics when comparing with other areas in the city. The formation of the urban fabric appears as a result of a balance between internal and external forces, or in other words between more complex relationships, between parts with each other and parts with the whole, acting on its explicit and implicit structure. Implicit structure (genetic system) represents the potentiality, which our study aims to explore its configuration as an objective of the study as well. The research adopted space syntax methodology and its applications to arrive at the traditional know-how, which had weaved the rules of its nature, and also to verify the research hypothesis and achieve its objectives, too. Finally, the study found that the system of relationships that exists between (parts – parts) and (parts – whole), and the nature of these relationships had granted the area its uniqueness to persist against any deformation or rapid transformation over time.