Analisis Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Likuiditas Dan Solvabilitas Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

The aims of this research is to analyze and prove the impact of profitability as proxied by return on assets, liquidity proxied by current ratio and solvency as proxied by debt to equity ratio partially and simultaneously on firm value in mining companies that listed on IDX for the 2015-2020 period. The research was conducted with a quantitative approach, with a purposive sampling technique. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with partial test hypothesis testing (t test), simultaneous test (F test), and multiple determination coefficient test (R2) with the help of SPSS version 25 program. The results of the study show that 1) profitability is proven significant effect on firm value with a regression coefficient of -0.719; 2) liquidity is proven to have a significant effect on firm value with a regression coefficient of -1.160; 3) solvency has a significant effect on firm value with a regression coefficient of -1.354; and 4) profitability, liquidity and solvency proved to have a significant effect on firm value with a regression coefficient of 0.236. It is mean that profitability, liquidity, and solvency variables simultaneously and partially affect the firm value because the value of sig < 5%. This proves that in a mining company to increase the value of the company, it must pay attention to the profitability, liquidity, and solvency of the company.

PENGARUH CAMPURAN SERAT KULIT PINANG DAN SERBUK GERGAJI TERHADAP KUAT TEKAN BATAKO

There are various ways to improve the quality and quality of bricks, seeing the amount of betel husk fiber waste and sawdust in the Indragiri Hilir area, the author is interested in examining the characteristics of bricks with added ingredients of areca nut fiber and sawdust in terms of compressive strength. The bricks made were solid bricks with a size of 39 cm x 9 cm x 10 cm as many as 4 samples, and each sample consisted of 5 test objects. The test used a variety of different additives, namely BSS 0 without the addition of added ingredients, BSS 1 with 5% betel nut fiber added and 2% sawdust, BSS 2 with 3% betel nut fiber added and 1% sawdust, BSS 3 with added ingredients of 1% areca nut fiber and 4% sawdust. The compressive strength test was carried out at the age of 7 days and then converted to the age of 28 days. The average compressive strength of bricks at the age of 7 days with sample codes BSS 1 20.50 kg/cm2, BSS 1 16.85, BSS 2 8.11 kg/cm2, and BSS 3 2.14 kg/cm2 . There is a positive effect of the addition of betel nut and sawdust fiber on the compressive strength of the brick are y = 17.34 + 0.57 X1 + (-3.84 X2), coefficient of multiple determination (r2) is 0.86%, and the multiple correlation coefficient (r) is 0.93. Abstrak Berbagai macam cara untuk meningkatkan kualitas dan mutu batako, melihat banyaknya limbah serat kulit pinang dan serbuk gergaji didaerah Indragiri Hilir, penulis tertarik untuk meneliti karakteristik batako dengan bahan tambah serat kulit pinang dan serbuk gergaji ditinjau dari kuat tekannya. Batako yang dibuat adalah batako pejal dengan ukuran 39 cm x 9 cm x 10 cm sebanyak 4 sampel, dan tiap sampel terdiri dari 5 buah benda uji. Pengujian menggunakan variasi campuran bahan tambah yang berbeda, yaitu BSS 0 tanpa penambahan bahan tambah, BSS 1 dengan bahan tambah serat kulit pinang 5% dan serbuk gergaji 2%, BSS 2 dengan bahan tambah serat kulit pinang 3% dan serbuk gergaji 1%, BSS 3 dengan bahan tambah serat kulit pinang 1% dan serbuk gergaji 4%. Pengujian kuat tekan dilakukan pada umur 7 hari kemudian dikonversikan ke umur 28 hari. Kuat tekan rata-rata batako pada umur 7 hari dengan kode sampel BSS 1 20,50 kg/cm2, BSS 1 16,85, BSS 2 8,11 kg/cm2, dan BSS 3 2,14 kg/cm2. Ada pengaruh positif penambahan serat kulit pinang dan serbuk gergaji terhadap kuat tekan batako yaitu y = 17,34 + 0,57 X1 + (-3,84 X2), koefisien determinasi ganda (r2) sebesar 0,86%, dan koefisien korelasi ganda (r) sebesar 0,93.

Influence Modeling and optimization of sulphide removal by catalytic oxidation of tannery fur effluents [Modelamiento y optimización de la remoción de sulfuros por oxidación catalítica de efluentes de pelambre de curtiduría]

The residual effluents from the fur stage of the bovine leather tannery industry are characterized by having a high concentration of sulfides. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of aeration time and pH in the residual effluents of the leather stage of the tannery, with the catalysts MnO2 and MnSO4 separately; as well as, determine adjustment models through the response surface methodology and the optimal intervals of the best conditions that lead to a higher percentage of sulfide removal. For this reason, the sulphide removal percentage was evaluated from samples extracted from the pellet stage, by means of catalytic oxidation treatments; varying the catalyst, pH and aeration time. The catalysts used were manganese dioxide (MnO2) and manganese sulfate (MnSO4) and for each catalyst the pH was varied in the values ​​of 8.5; 9.5; 10.2 and 13.4; likewise, the aeration time was varied in the values ​​of 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210 and 240 minutes. 64 treatments were carried out, with 3 repetitions each, reporting the average values ​​of the sulfide removal percentage. The response surface methodology was used to adjust the correlation of the variables to a quadratic model; Likewise, through contour graphs the regions with the highest percentage of sulfide removal were easily identified and by superimposing contour graphs the optimal ranges of the variables pH and aeration time were determined for removal percentages greater than 98%. Based on this evaluation, it is proposed for treatments with manganese dioxide, aeration times between 160 to 240 min and pH between 8.5 to 9 and for treatments with manganese sulfate, aeration times between 110 to 240 min and pH between 8.5 to 9.8. The coefficients of multiple determination R2 for the models with catalyst MnO2 and MnSO4 were 97.51% and 95.12% respectively. With the MnSO4 catalyst, higher removal percentages were achieved at a shorter aeration time, compared to the treatments carried out with the MnO2 catalyst.

Hyperspectral Identification of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Suaeda salsa in Coastal Wetlands

The stomata of Suaeda salsa are closed and the photosynthetic efficiency is decreased under conditions of water–salt imbalance, with the change to photosynthesis closely related to the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of the photosystem PSII. Accordingly, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were selected to monitor the growth status of Suaeda salsa in coastal wetlands under conditions of water and salt. Taking Suaeda salsa in coastal wetlands as the research object, we set up five groundwater levels (0 cm, –5 cm, –10 cm, –20 cm, and –30 cm) and six NaCl salt concentrations (0%, 0.5%, 1 %, 1.5%, 2%, and 2.5%) to carry out independent tests of Suaeda salsa potted plants and measured the canopy reflectance spectrum and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Suaeda salsa. A polynomial regression method was used to carry out hyperspectral identification of Suaeda salsa chlorophyll fluorescence parameters under water and salt stress. The results indicated that the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm, Fm', and ΦPSII of Suaeda salsa showed significant relationships with vegetation index under water and salt conditions. The sensitive canopy band ranges of Suaeda salsa under water and salt conditions were 680–750 nm, 480–560 nm, 950–1000 nm, 1800–1850 nm, and 1890–1910 nm. Based on the spectrum and the first-order differential spectrum, the spectral ratio of A/B was constructed to analyze the correlation between it and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Suaeda salsa. We constructed thirteen new vegetation indices. In addition, we discovered that the hyperspectral vegetation index D690/D1320 retrieved Suaeda chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm with the highest accuracy, with a multiple determination coefficient R2 of 0.813 and an RMSE of 0.042, and that D725/D1284 retrieved Suaeda chlorophyll fluorescence parameter ΦPSII model with the highest accuracy, with a multiple determination coefficient R2 of 0.848 and an RMSE of 0.096. The hyperspectral vegetation index can be used to retrieve the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Suaeda salsa in coastal wetlands under water and salt conditions, providing theoretical and technical support for future large-scale remote sensing inversion of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters.

Role OF Structural Indices and Other Spatial Measures in the Improvement Of Crown Variables Prediction For Lannea fructicosa

Theoretically, the stem of the tree must be strong enough to withstand the forces that act on it. These forces include the weight of the crown and the drag exerted on it by the wind. This mean that for a well-established root system, there should be some kind of balance between crown and stem sizes, otherwise the stem be break. The sizes, shapes and relative locations of crowns both determine and respond to the shading and constriction effects that characterize aboveground interactions between trees. Due to this kind of balance, tree crown parameters have been used as predictor variables in diameter and height growth equations. Although the correlation between tree variables and crown dimensions has well documented in the literature, other stand composition and conditions such as competition, elevation and aspect are believed to be among the unexplained forces that exert strong influences on the accuracy of the allometric models used for that relationship. This study attempted to quantify the effect of structural indices and other spatial measures to improve the prediction of crown radius and crown length for trees in natural woodlands. Field data were recorded for Lannea fruticosa tree species that naturally grown in Elgarri forest reserve in Blue Nile State, Sudan. The data was used to test the performance of estimating crown dimensions on the basis of allometric relationships with tree diameter and height. A total of thirteen spatial and non-spatial indices were incorporated into modified crown dimension models. Coefficient of multiple determination (R2) and relative bias were used to test the performance of these indices in improving the accuracy of estimates. According to the results all predictions of crown length and radius were found to be better after the incorporation of the spatial and non-spatial, with positive R2 gain and acceptable negative bias values for crown radius and positive ones for crown length. For all cases, the spatial indices were found to be better than the non-spatial ones.

Analysis of the Effect of Current Ratio and Debt To Equity Ratio on Sales at PT. Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk in 2009-2019

This research aims to identify and analyze whether there is an influence between them Curren Ratio and Debt To Equty Ratio, either partially or simultaneously to Sales at PT.Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk. The approach taken for the use of research this is associative. The population of this study is to use financial statement data, namely data Curren Ratio consisting of current assets and current debt for Deb to Equty Ratio data consists of total debt and total equity and sales data consisting of gross sales and selling expenses for 29 years from 1990-2019 which were accessed through the website www.indofood.commethod of collection with a sample size of 11 years, namely 2009-2019. The The research sampling is purposive sampling method. While the data analysis technique using Curren Ratio, Debt To Equity Ratio, Sales, multiple linear regression, hypothesis (t test and F test), multiple correlation coefficient and multiple determination coefficient. Research result This proves that the Curren Ratio has no significant effect partially on Sales. The Debt To Equty Ratio has no significant effect partially on Sales. To be simultaneously on the Curren Ratio and Debt To Equty Ratio not effect on Sales. While the most dominant factor is the Curren Ratio and Debt To Equty Ratio to Sales is the Curren Ratio at PT.Indofood Sukses Makmur Tbk

The Syntax of Multiple Determination in Arabic: An anti- residual relative clause/close-apposition account

This paper aims to give an account of the multiple determination (determiner spreading) phenomenon in Arabic. Determiner spreading is the syntactic representation and phonological realization of multiple determiners within the same determiner phrase. As a cross-linguistic phenomenon, determiner spreading has been investigated in other languages (e.g., Scandinavian and Greek); different accounts have been proposed. For Scandinavian languages, determiner spreading has been analyzed as a representation of different semantic interpretations. As far as Greek is concerned, some analyses have been proposed; however, two prominent ones have received considerable attention in the literature: (i) a residue of a reduced relative clause and (ii) an instantiation of close appositions. Contrary to those analyses, this paper claims that none of the two analyses is suitable for Arabic; thus, a language-specific analysis is required. To analyze determiner spreading in Arabic, the current paper posits the following research question: What is the linguistic purpose of the multiple determiners found in Arabic determiner phrases? Answering the research question, the paper claims that, in addition to its indispensable role in establishing agreement between nouns and adjectives within the Arabic determiner phrase, determiner spreading demarcates syntactic and semantic phrase boundaries. The paper takes Minimalist Program and Distributed Morphology as a theoretical framework to argue that attributive adjectives are projection of an agreement phrase headed by the definite article ʔal or by the indefinite phonological marker `nunation: -n’. This proposal requires no syntactic movements in the syntax proper. The ultimate linear order is achieved in the phonological components.

The Syntax of Multiple Determination in Arabic: An anti- residual relative clause/close-apposition account

This paper aims to give an account of the multiple determination (determiner spreading) phenomenon in Arabic. Determiner spreading is the syntactic representation and phonological realization of multiple determiners within the same determiner phrase. As a cross-linguistic phenomenon, determiner spreading has been investigated in other languages (e.g., Scandinavian and Greek); different accounts have been proposed. For Scandinavian languages, determiner spreading has been analyzed as a representation of different semantic interpretations. As far as Greek is concerned, some analyses have been proposed; however, two prominent ones have received considerable attention in the literature: (i) a residue of a reduced relative clause and (ii) an instantiation of close appositions. Contrary to those analyses, this paper claims that none of the two analyses is suitable for Arabic; thus, a language-specific analysis is required. To analyze determiner spreading in Arabic, the current paper posits the following research question: What is the linguistic purpose of the multiple determiners found in Arabic determiner phrases? Answering the research question, the paper claims that, in addition to its indispensable role in establishing agreement between nouns and adjectives within the Arabic determiner phrase, determiner spreading demarcates syntactic and semantic phrase boundaries. The paper takes Minimalist Program and Distributed Morphology as a theoretical framework to argue that attributive adjectives are projection of an agreement phrase headed by the definite article ʔal or by the indefinite phonological marker `nunation: -n’. This proposal requires no syntactic movements in the syntax proper. The ultimate linear order is achieved in the phonological components.

The Influence of Word Of Mouth, Competitive Advantage And Brand Image Against The Decision to Use on Transportation Corporate

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of word of mouth, competitive advantage and brand image on the decision to use expeditionary services at PT. Lintas Samudra Jaya Expres. This research uses a quantitative approach. The population in this study are customers who are bound by a contract with PT. Lintas Samudra Jawa Express, while the probability sampling technique using the Slovin formula obtained a sample of 93 respondents. The data analysis technique was performed using multiple linear regression, and hypothesis testing was carried out by partial test, simultaneous test and multiple determination coefficient test with the help of SPSS version 25. The results show that: 1) word of mouth affects the decision to use shipping services, 2) competitive advantage affects the decision to use shipping services, 3) brand image affects the decision to use shipping services, and 4) word of mouth, competitive advantage and brand image affects the decision to use courier services at PT. Lintas Samudra Jaya Espress.

THE EFFECT OF VARYING LEVELS OF RAW LIMA BEAN (Phasealus lunatus) ON THE RAT'S PANCREATIC AND INTESTINAL TRYPSIN (EC 3.4.21.4) AND CHYMOTRYPSIN (EC 3.4.21.1) ACTIVITIES

Two series of assays involving a total of 120 growing rats were carried out to investigate the effect of varying levels of raw lima bean (RLB) on pancreatic and intestinal trypsin EC 3.4.21.4) and chymotrypsin (EC 3.4.21.1) activities. Experiment one indicates significant (P<0.01) inhibtion of both pancreatic trypsin and chymotrypsin due to RLB feeding. Enzyme activities in both the small and large intestine were also significantly (P<0.01) depressed while enzyme values in the caecum were not. Age x Diet interaction was non significant with respect to these enzymes. Pancreatic trypsin and chymotrypsin correlated significantly (P<0.01; P<0.05) with RLB with respective R2, coefficient of multiple determination, of 0.94 and 0.67. Trypsin activity in both the small and large intestine was also significantly (P<0.01) correlated with respective R2 of 0.78 and 0.96. The second study suggests a less than 10% replacement of cooked lima bean by the raw to avert significant pancreatic proteinase inhibition, and a less than 15% replacement of the cooked lima bean by the raw to aver t significantinhibition of the proteinases especially in the small intestine.