Rhythm Reproduction in English Translation of Chinese Poetry: A Contrastive Analysis of Li Bai's “GUAN SHAN YUE”（关山月）and its English Version

This paper contrasts the rhythm of Li Bai's “GUAN SHAN YUE”（关山月）and that of Fletcher's English version “The MOON OVER The PASS” and finds out the functional equivalence between the Ping (平) and Ze (仄) (level and oblique tones) of Chinese poetry and the lightly stressed and heavily stressed syllables of English poetry, the number of Yan (言) (the number of characters) and the number of feet, and the rhymes. To promote the realization of musical beauty, formal beauty and emotional expression in the translation of Chinese poetry and reproduce the rhythm of ancient Chinese poetry, five-character and seven-character poem with regular line can be translated into iambic pentameter; pre-Tang poem and Song Ci with irregular line can be translated according to the analogy of character and syllable, and the feet of the translated poem can mainly be iambs; the rhyme of the translated poem can be couplet rhyme, cross rhyme or alternate rhyme. Based on this strategy, the author translates her self-created poem “MAN JIANG HONG ZHAN YI”（满江红·战疫）into English to prove the feasibility of the rhythm reproduction strategy of the English translation of ancient Chinese poetry.

Allées in Landscape Architecture and Garden Art—Types, Preservation, and Renewal of the Living Heritage of Baroque Allées in Hungary

Examining the history of garden art since ancient times, we find many examples of linear tree layouts supporting orientation or being used for the purpose of composition. Allées gained special significance during the Baroque as dynamic and grandiose space-forming garden design elements. They mostly consist of trees of taxonomically similar species planted along a regular line equidistant from each other in single or multiple rows. The two-dimensional compositional elements of the layout form three-dimensional longitudinal space forms. During their evolution, both their proportions and openness constantly change. Analyses of the compositional role and functions of allées of exemplary Hungarian Baroque garden complexes in the 18th century provided a basis for setting up a novel typology. Five compositional types have been defined as the primary result of archival research. The significance of the still-subsisting historic Hungarian allées calls for unique protection similar to European heritage protection. Taking a summary of significant, surviving examples of Hungarian Baroque allées into account, methods for allée renewal are defined along with the core question of whether allées are natural landscape elements or strict architectural compositions where authenticity may be an important criterion. The methodological research is partially based on three plans for the renewal of Baroque allées in Hungary that have been worked out by the Author as the chief landscape architect of the projects.

PORTAL: Three-dimensional polarized (sub)millimeter line radiative transfer

Context. Magnetic fields are important to the dynamics of many astrophysical processes and can typically be studied through polarization observations. Polarimetric interferometry capabilities of modern (sub)millimeter telescope facilities have made it possible to obtain detailed velocity resolved maps of molecular line polarization. To properly analyze these for the information they carry regarding the magnetic field, the development of adaptive three-dimensional polarized line radiative transfer models is necessary. Aims. We aim to develop an easy-to-use program to simulate the polarization maps of molecular and atomic (sub)millimeter lines in magnetized astrophysical regions, such as protostellar disks, circumstellar envelopes, or molecular clouds. Methods. By considering the local anisotropy of the radiation field as the only alignment mechanism, we can model the alignment of molecular or atomic species inside a regular line radiative transfer simulation by only making use of the converged output of this simulation. Calculations of the aligned molecular or atomic states can subsequently be used to ray trace the polarized maps of the three-dimensional simulation. Results. We present a three-dimensional radiative transfer code, POlarized Radiative Transfer Adapted to Lines (PORTAL), that can simulate the emergence of polarization in line emission through a magnetic field of arbitrary morphology. Our model can be used in stand-alone mode, assuming LTE excitation, but it is best used when processing the output of regular three-dimensional (nonpolarized) line radiative transfer modeling codes. We present the spectral polarization map of test cases of a collapsing sphere and protoplanetary disk for multiple three-dimensional magnetic field morphologies.

Symmetrical Components of Transmission Line Parameters based on the Installed Tower Ground Resistivity

Transmission is a component of the electric power system alongside the generation and distribution systems. Effective and efficient planning is often required in system design and operation to ensure consistent and reliable supply of power to the Customers. Thus, transmission line parameters analysis needs to be carried out to ensure this proper planning. One of the crucial equipment used in transmission’s overhead lines is Tower supports which are of different configuration considering the Structural design, voltage ratings and current transmission. Very often, towers are randomly installed to carry lines of the chosen voltage and current rating without considering the effects of earth resistivity on which the tower is installed. This paper presents the transmission line symmetrical component parameters evaluation of a chosen Transmission tower. An algorithm was developed, and python software program was used to implement this algorithm for the analysis. In achieving target, the selected tower was imagined having been erected on six different earth resistivity ground which include, sea water, swampy ground, pure slate, sandstone and general average ground. Symmetrical component parameters evaluated includes impedance, characteristics impedance, propagation constant, shunt admittance and capacitive suceptances as they were found to be important in the effective monitoring of power transmission and distribution. The results of the analysis are presented and discussed. These results show that capacitive suceptances are independent on tower earth resistivity and vary for different tower structural configurations while other parameters vary with earth resistivity value of the tower. Furthermore, regular line parameters monitoring is a measure minimizing power transmission losses in networks

On homomorphism-homogeneous point-line geometries

A relational structure is homomorphism-homogeneous if every homomorphism between finite substructures extends to an endomorphism of the structure. A point-line geometry is a non-empty set of elements called points, together with a collection of subsets, called lines, in a way that every line contains at least two points and any pair of points is contained in at most one line. A line which contains more than two points is called a regular line. Point-line geometries can alternatively be formalised as relational structures. We establish a correspondence between the point-line geometries investigated in this paper and the firstorder structures with a single ternary relation L satisfying certain axioms (i.e. that the class of point-line geometries corresponds to a subclass of 3-uniform hypergraphs). We characterise the homomorphism-homogeneous point-line geometries with two regular non-intersecting lines. Homomorphism-homogeneous pointline geometries containing two regular intersecting lines have already been classified by Masulovic.

KOMUNIKASI VERBAL DAN NONVERBAL PADA KOMUNITAS GAME CLASH OF CLANS (Studi CMC pada Komunitas Indo ShadowsArmy)

ABSTRACTAs a result of technological advances, many communities are now formed in the world of electronic communication. This study analyzes verbal and non verbal communication that occurs in the Clash of Clans game community, named Indo ShadowArmy. This study interviewed 6 members of Indo ShadowArmy. The methodology used in this study is qualitative with descriptive approach. Verbal and non-verbal communication in the Indo ShadowArmy community are: Indo ShadowArmy community members do not use words with abbreviated words and use of words, interpersonal conversations and unified narratives, calls on the regular Line application are light calls that are only used for member forces others, using a lot of terms in COC games, serious conversations that took place in the forum chatting took place during the war, the use of irony was never done, quite often using paralinguistic accounts that approach emoticons, calculating time for various topics that were very observing, have a fixed online schedule every day, "Social presence" members of the Indo ShadowArmy community on the chat and Line forums are evident, the message speed is faster and theresponse is fast too, because of feedback, rarely read before the message is sent to other members. ABSTRAKSebagai akibat dari kemajuan teknologi, kini banyak komunitas yang terbentuk dalam dunia komunikasi elektronik. Penelitian ini menganalisis komunikasi verbal dan non verbal yang terjadi pada komunitas game Clash of Clans, Indo ShadowArmy. Penelitian ini mewawancarai 6 anggota Indo ShadowArmy. Metodologi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Komunikasi verbal dan non verbal pada komunitas Indo ShadowArmy adalah: Anggota komunitas Indo ShadowArmy tidak menulis kalimat dengan bahasa yang baku dan menggunakan kata yang disingkat, percakapan antarpribadi dan narasi menyatu, percakapan pada aplikasi Line biasanya merupakan percakapan ringan yang hanya sekedar meminta troopsatau menanyakan kabar anggota yang lainnya, banyak menggunakan istilahistilah dalam game COC, percakapan serius yang terjadi di forum chatting terjadi ketika sedang war, penggunaan ironi tidak pernah dilakukan, cukup sering menggunakan kial-kial paralinguistik yang berbentuk emoticon, perhitunganpemilihan waktu untuk membicarakan suatu topik sangat diperhatikan, memiliki jadwal online yang tetap setiap harinya, “Kehadiran sosial” anggota komunitasIndo ShadowArmy pada forum chatting dan Line nampak nyata, kecepatan penerimaan pesan menjadi cepat dan pemberian jawaban yang cepat pula, adanya umpan balik, jarang membaca ulang sebelum pesan dikirimkan pada anggota lainnya.

Editorial: Many Voices

In February of this year, I was fortunate to attend Bodies in/and Asian Theatres, a regional conference of the International Federation for Theatre Research (IFTR, the scholarly organization with which this journal is affiliated). It was held at the University of the Philippines Diliman under the aegis of the IFTR Asian Theatre working group. Toward the end of a plenary panel on contemporary South East Asian dance on the final day, a debate arose over the work of one of the speakers, Eisa Jocson. A dancer and choreographer, Jocson's work explores the aesthetics of local and transnational performative labour, and is often based on forms she learns from Filipinos working in the entertainment industry. For example, Macho Dancer (2013) is based on a distinctive style of erotic male nightclub performance, Host (2015) on the work of Filipinas in Japanese hostess clubs, and the HAPPYLAND series (2017) on the high number of Filipinos employed at the Hong Kong Disneyland. In response to her presentation on these and other works, some scholars from the Philippines asked Jocson, who mainly performs in Manila and on the international contemporary performance circuit, why she did not tour nationally. After all, they reasoned, since Jocson's performances are inspired by the work of entertainers who often come from regional cities and rural areas, is it not right to present the work ‘back’ to such a workforce and their communities? Such questions are, of course, complex and loaded. In so far as Jocson's performances address the exploitation of Filipino entertainers’ affective labour, is there any risk that Jocson compounds that exploitation for her own benefit? And in so far as those performances explore the choreographies of entertainment capital and commodified desire, should Filipino audiences not be informed and perhaps educated about such things? Jocson countered that while wider local exposure for her work was desirable, it was wrong to presume that it could readily be presented in such circumstances. She makes her work within a specific critical and discursive context, she explained, and as part of a long-term thematic and aesthetic enquiry. To present it outside such contexts would benefit neither the audience, nor the artist, nor the work. If anything, she seemed to be suggesting, the work is not made for the producers of such performance forms, but for their consumers, and those who elsewhere participate in and benefit from such economies. She recounted making the ‘mistake’ of asking the owners of a ‘macho dancer’ nightclub if she could perform Macho Dancer there, as part of their regular line-up, late at night. They offered her an early slot, so as not to disrupt business as usual.

On the buckling of an elastic holey column

We report the results of a numerical and theoretical study of buckling in elastic columns containing a line of holes. Buckling is a common failure mode of elastic columns under compression, found over scales ranging from metres in buildings and aircraft to tens of nanometers in DNA. This failure usually occurs through lateral buckling, described for slender columns by Euler’s theory. When the column is perforated with a regular line of holes, a new buckling mode arises, in which adjacent holes collapse in orthogonal directions. In this paper, we firstly elucidate how this alternate hole buckling mode coexists and interacts with classical Euler buckling modes, using finite-element numerical calculations with bifurcation tracking. We show how the preferred buckling mode is selected by the geometry, and discuss the roles of localized (hole-scale) and global (column-scale) buckling. Secondly, we develop a novel predictive model for the buckling of columns perforated with large holes. This model is derived without arbitrary fitting parameters, and quantitatively predicts the critical strain for buckling. We extend the model to sheets perforated with a regular array of circular holes and use it to provide quantitative predictions of their buckling.