A Novel Power-Monitoring Strategy for Localization in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Antithetic Sampling Method

The prime objective of this chapter is to develop a power-mapping localization algorithm based on Monte Carlo method using a discrete antithetic approach called Antithetic Markov Chain Monte Carlo (AMCMC). The chapter is focused on solving two major problems in WSN, thereby increasing the accuracy of the localization algorithm and discrete power control. Consecutively, the work is focused to reduce the computational time, while finding the location of the sensor. The model achieves the power controlling strategy using discrete power levels (CC2420 radio chip) which allocate the power, based on the event of each sensor node. By utilizing this discrete power mapping method, all the high-level parameters are considered for WSN. To improve the overall accuracy, the antithetic sampling is used to reduce the number of unwanted sampling, while identifying the sensor location in each transition state. At the final point, the accuracy is increased to 94% wherein nearly 24% of accuracy is increased compared to other MCL-based localization schemes.

Applications of Wireless Sensor Networks in Healthcare

Health is the key capability humans require to perceive, feel, and act effectively, and as such, it represents a primary element in the development of the individual and the environment humans belong to. It is necessary to provide adequate ways and means to ensure the appropriate healthcare delivery based on parameter monitoring and directly providing medical assistance. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), commonly known as the internet of things (IoT), enable a global approach to the healthcare system infrastructure development. This leads to an e-health system that, in real time, supplies a valuable set of information relevant to all of the stakeholders regardless of their current location. Economic systems in this area usually do not meet the general patient needs, and those that do are usually economically unacceptable due to the high operational and development costs. This chapter shows how recent advances in wireless networks and electronics have led to the emergence of WSNs in healthcare.

IoT-Based Precision Agriculture System

The huge number of items associated with web is known as the internet of things. It is associated with worldwide data consisting of various components and different types of gadgets, sensors, and software, and a large variety of other instruments. A large number of applications that are required in the field of agriculture should implement methods that should be realistic and reliable. Precision agriculture practices in farming are more efficient than traditional farming techniques. Precision farming simultaneously analyzes data along with generating it by the use of sensors. The application areas include tracking of farm vehicles, monitoring of the livestock, observation of field, and monitoring of storage. This type of system is already being accepted and adopted in many countries. The modern method of smart farming has started utilizing the IoT for better and faster yield of crops. This chapter gives a review of the various IoT techniques used in smart farming.

LEACH-VD

Wireless sensor networks act as an important role in the wireless communication area because of its properties, its intelligence, cheaper costs, and its smaller size. Multiple nodes are required for coperative communication, the low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy and LEACH-Vector Quantization are used for cluster and active cluster headformation. Further, Dijkstra Algorithm is used to find the shortest path between the active CHs and high-energy utilization, respectively. The main issue of inter-cluster communication is carried out in earlier work using LEACH and LEACH-V protocols. The chapter illustrates the LEACH-Vector Quantization Dijkstra protocol for shortest path active CH communication in a cooperative communication network. In the application point of view, LEACH-VD performs the lowest energy path. LEACH-V provides the intra-cluster communication between the cluster head, and using Dijkstra Algorithm, the minimum distance is calculated connecting the active cluster heads, which creates the shortest path results using an energy-efficient technique.

Selecting Location for Agro-Based Industry Using ELECTRE III Method

The Indian economy is driven by its agricultural sector. Industries based on agricultural produce are important as they give a competitive market for the agricultural production. Mustard is one of the major cash crops selected for this chapter. Mustard oil is used as cooking medium as well as other purpose in Indian households. Selecting the best location for setting up a mustard mill can be considered as a multiple criteria decision-making problem (MCDM), and ELECTRE III method is used and explained in detail to rank different location options in increasing order of suitability.

Strengthening Agriculture Through Energy-Efficient Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks Using Sink Mobility

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) can be used in agriculture to provide farmers with help monitoring the fields. Most of the people depend on agriculture. WSN plays a vital role in strengthening agriculture. In this chapter, the authors discuss energy-efficient routing with mobile sink protocols that are more suitable to strengthen the agriculture. They organize this chapter by classifying aforesaid protocols into three different categories (e.g., hierarchical-based, tree-based, and virtual structure-based routing).

An Integrated GIS and Knowledge-Based Automated Decision Support System for Precision Agriculture Using IoT

Agriculture is a sector that holds great promise to Indian economic growth. Production in rural Tamil Nadu is extremely low due to unscientific farming practices. The major challenges faced in Tamil Nadu agriculture are crop mapping, yield prediction, quality of food produced, irrigation management, variable rate fertilizer and pesticide due to lack of technical knowledge. Precision agriculture (PA) rules out all drawbacks of traditional agriculture. The main objective of the chapter is to enhance the productivity of rural Tamil Nadu in order to meet the growing demands of our country's food supply chain