Princezny z Hájku. K problematice elity ve střední době bronzové

The topic of this study is the possibilities of archaeological identification of the local elite in the Bronze Age. We‘re targeting the female elite, who are characterized by a particular form of costume. In a case study of the barrow cemetery of Šťáhlavy – Hájek, we are trying to show that the elite status of women in the Bronze Age was not based on their personal qualities, but rather on their affinity with an elite family. Their social status may therefore have been hereditary. On the other hand, it turns out that certain particularities of the costume (different types of necklaces, etc.) may point to different origins of women and thus the exchange of female partners within the wider elite community.

Možnosti srovnávací analýzy plužiny zaniklých středověkých vsí. Vypovídací hodnota vybraných lokalit a role digitálního modelu reliéfu z dat leteckého laserového skenování

The paper deals with the plowlands of deserted medieval villages (DMVs) representing a specific data source of medieval settlement research. Its basic priorities are based on the needs of archaeological heritage protection for a better definition of DMVs’ hinterlands, which are significantly less distinguishable in comparison with villages’ intravilans. At the same time, not much attention was paid to this area, even in known or well-surveyed sites. These issues are important especially in the context of what exactly we are looking for within the DMVs, how we define it and where we can find the best examples worthy of protection or further study. The basis of the presented work is the processing of a digital terrain model derived from airborne laser scanning data. The primary procedure consists of the ALS data processing into a DEM, its subsequent visualization, and classification of objects in DMVs’ hinterlands, which is further supplemented by selected examples of field verification. The informative value of the hinterlands is also discussed on the example of several differently preserved sites.

Společenský význam těžby kamenných surovin ve středoevropském neolitu a eneolitu

The article discusses changes in mining in Neolithic and Eneolithic middle Europe and their relation to social background. Regular variabilities were detected in structures of mining localities during time, which indicate that mining was not basal subsistence activity. Presumably, it is necessary to perceive the considerable social background of past mining. Social interaction is related to cooperation and specialization necessary for mining. The raw materials were also used for making artefacts, but the sense of mining consisted mainly in the social sphere.

Doklady bojovej činnosti z obdobia 2. svetovej vojny v priestore medzi Trnavou a Trstínom (juhozápadné Slovensko). Možnosti aplikácie metódy KOCOA

At the recent time, the battlefield archaeology belongs to the slowly developing and establishing branches of Slovak archaeology. Thank to only few zealous researches gains this field of interest consistently more attractiveness among researchers. The main efforts are concentrated on describing and documentation of military activities or preservation and protection of battlefield relics. Nevertheless, researchers abroad focus on different issues and use spatial analyses to reconstruct or understand strategies of combatants. In the following text we try to demonstrate one of these analyses known as KOCOA. An area between Trnava and Trstín (South-western Slovakia) where on April 1945 German military troops tried to stop advancing Soviet units was chosen as a model area. By means of KOCOA analysis we will try to predict locations which were considered appropriate for defence. These locations, confronted with LiDAR-derived images, can provide evidence of field fortifications which can be subjected to subsequent scientific research, preservation and protection.

Nicht nur als Kopfschmuck getragen: ein außergewöhnlicher hallstattzeitlicher Fund aus Smržice-Trávníky u ostrova (Mittelmähren)

This study deals with the cultural and spatial analysis of finds discovered in the previous five years during surface prospecting in Smržice-Trávníky u ostrova (Prostějov district) on the area of a presumed settlement of the Platěnice group of the East Hallstatt culture. In the set of the analysed items, in addition to local ceramics of the Platěnice group and several metal objects of the Hallstatt type (rare type of a bronze boat-shaped fibula, a bronze pin with a hemispherical head and a ribbed neck, a bronze conical arrowhead of circular cross-section) dating to Ha C2 and Ha D1, there were also bronze arrowheads of the eastern type (with an inner socket), which demonstrate the connections between the Prostějov region and the Vekerzug culture during the Ha D period. An exceptional find of a ceramic fragment of a local (Platěnice group) vessel decorated with impressions of small nail-shaped earrings probably from Ha D1 indicates, on the contrary, the contacts of Central Moravia with the late phase of the Tarnobrzeg Lusatian culture of Southeast Poland. It is the Prostějov region, where we observe a significant concentration of objects of the eastern type during the Hallstatt period. Therefore, special attention in the study was paid to Hallstatt period finds of the eastern type with the focus on the provenience, chronological aspect and interpretation of their occurrence in Moravia as well as in the neighboring regions.

Nově objevené hradiště Čerťák u obce Sovolusky v kontextu halštatského osídlení regionu

This paper presents a new hillfort site which is situated on top of „Čerťák“ Hill (651 m n. m.), Sovolusky municipality, Karlovy Vary district. It has been identified with the help of a digital terrain model based on Airborne Laser Scanning (LiDAR). Two separate lines of stone ramparts have been confirmed on top of the Čerťák Hill, formed by a significant right bank meander in the upper course of the river Střela. The inner area reaches 1.4 ha and the external enclosed area spreads to 2.3 ha. Subsequent field research yielded a collection of more than 500 pottery fragments from the Late Hallstatt period. The dispersion of finds shows relatively intensive settlement. The paper also discusses other sites in the surrounding region which date to the same period. The Hallstatt settlement seems to have been a structurally connected complex in the presented area.

Sídliskové objekty z neskorej doby bronzovej, doby halštatskej a z vrcholného stredoveku v Ľuboticiach, okr. Prešov

The article presents results of rescue excavation that took place in Ľubotice, site Winklerovky in early 2020. Settlement features dated to the Late Bronze age, Hallsttatt period and High Medieval period were examined. The earliest phase of settlement which shows strong influence of the Lusatian culture dated to the Late Bronze Age (Ha B1–Ha B3 stage). Based on the findings this settlement was probably abandoned around the end of the Late Bronze Age. The site was later resettled in Hallsttatt period (Ha C/Ha D). Few High Medieval period features were identified as well. Those were dated to the 13th century.

Priestorová analýza dát z povrchového zberu na lokalite Vráble-Fidvár

The goal of this study is to introduce selected methods of spatial analysis and their contribution to evaluation of fieldwalking data. Spatial analysis encompasses various methods suitable for identification, objective evaluation and visualization of spatial patterns which are present in obtained data. This article primarily deals with sampled data, collected during a 2007 fieldwalking campaign. The dataset consisting of potsherds was spatially autocorrelated, using the global and local Moran’s I coefficient, which was used to identify clusters of finds. Spatial pattern of the settlement was visualised by geostatistical interpolation method – kriging.