The Evaluation of Regional Spatial Plan for 2011-2031 Based on Land Use Changes Prediction Using Cellular Automata-Markov Model in Sleman

In the past years, the development of Sleman Regency has been considered rapid as evidenced by the emergence of built up areas including expansion of the university areas, shopping malls, and housing. Along with the increase in the total population, university students and workers from other regions coming to this regency, the land use in Sleman Regency has started to shift. Land use changes need to be controlled by predicting land use using the CA-Markov model. CA-Markov modeling has dynamic properties that integrate the dimensions of space and time, where the occurrence of events is determined by events that directly precede them and can be used to predict the next event. The accuracy of the CA-Markov concept can be determined by validation and expressed in the Kappa coefficient value (≥ 0.70). This CA-Markov concept has been developed since the 1940s in the field of computers by Von Neumann and Ulam. In this concept it is assumed that pixels are the beginning of the mathematical concept. When a pixel changes, its new status is only affected by its old status and the neighbor status. This research was conducted to predict the land use in 2031 using the Cellular Automata-Makov model, evaluate the use of land in 2031 in relation to RTRW or city plan, and create a scenario of the direction for land use control in 2031 for disaster-prone areas. Based on the prediction of land use in Sleman Regency in 2031, Kappa coefficient was obtained at 0.7399, implying that the suitability of spatial area and distribution reached 73.99% which is considered good. The results of the prediction also showed that in 2031, the land use would be dominated by building area which was predicted to reach 43.53% out of the total area. The evaluation of land use prediction in 2031 based on RTRW method showed that as large as 40.137,39 ha land would be used according to the RTRW, while 17.411,00 ha would not be used accordingly. The improper use of land might be due to the shift in the use of 4.659,18 ha of rice fields into buildings.

The Use of Small Format Air Photos for Mapping Land Cover Changes in Gumuk Pasir Parangtritis Core-Zone, 2015-2019

Gumuk Pasir Parangtritis is one of the potentials of the coastal area of ​​Parangtritis village in Yogyakarta, with several important roles for the coastal ecosystem and its surroundings, such as ecology, disaster, tourism, economy, and aquifer reserves. However, behind this important role, the existence of sandbanks is increasingly threatened from year to year because the area of ​​sand cover continues to decline, especially in the core zone. Therefore, regular and effective mapping and monitoring efforts are needed. This study aims to a) conduct land cover mapping using the Geographic Object Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) method in the 2015-2019 timeframe; b) analyze changes in land cover in the core zone of sandbanks during 2015-2019; and c) evaluate the results of restoration of sand dune core zone in terms of land cover changes that have occurred until 2019. Small format aerial photographs (FUFK) are the data used in this study while the mapping method used is rule-based classification. The land cover of the sand dune core zone in 2015 included buildings, vegetation, sand, roads and ponds, while in 2019 it was in the form of buildings, vegetation, sand, and roads. Based on the classification results in the two years, it can be seen that there are changes in land cover (including area) through the cross-section of the two classification results. Some of the factors include the number of land use changes, the amount of vegetation, and sand mining. Furthermore, this change can be used as a basis for evaluating the success of the restoration efforts of the Gumuk Pasir Parangtritis core zone to date. The results of the evaluation show that the restoration carried out so far has not had much impact so it can be said that it has not been successful, because the area of ​​sand cover has actually decreased a lot (from 528,680 m2 to 344,347 m2), while the land cover in the form of vegetation and buildings has increased in size (from 869,341 m2 to 1,037,879 m2 for vegetation cover and an area of ​​4,674 m2 to 22,953 m2 for buildings).

The Analysis Impact of Irrigation Channel on Rice Production in Bendosari, Sukoharjo Regency

The irrigation network infrastructure development and rehabilitation program has several targets to be achieved including the construction and improvement of the 9.89 million ha irrigation network, and the rehabilitation of the surface irrigation network, covering 3.01 million ha. The program for adding and repairing irrigation networks is expected to be able to realize food self-sufficiency that has been declared by the Indonesian government. The method used is a field survey. The survey method aims to obtain a general description of the object or target in this study. The variable used is the amount of rice farmland production each year based on the potential of agricultural land and irrigation canal damage. The results of the calculation of estimated rice production in Sukoharjo Regency in 2018 were 400574.62 tons. High potential rice field productivity class with 2-3 times the amount of harvest per year has the most production that is 220,327.52 tons. Potential factors of paddy farming land and the number of harvests in one year greatly affect the productivity of rice plants, while damage to irrigation channels is slightly damaged and moderate does not affect rice productivity.

The Analysis of Angin Puting Beliung Risk Rate by Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems in Semarang

This study examines the risk rate of Angin Puting Beliung in Semarang of Central Java. The Angin Puting Beliung is a local designation for small-scale tornadoes that occur in Indonesia, originates from differences in pressure of a weather system, leads to strong winds. Between January 2014 and December 2018, the occurrence of Angin Puting Beliung in Semarang city of Central Java reached 91 times with a total financial loss of around IDR 852,500,000 (USD 60,000). High population densities and settlements without being followed by control of spatial use and land-use change make Semarang more at risk of being hit by a tornado. This study specifically aims to determine the level of physical, social, and economic vulnerability as well as to analyze the risk level of Angin Puting Beliung in Semarang city. The survey is used as the main method in this study. Samples were taken to represent the population namely land cover, slope, and land surface air temperature with data analysis using a weighted tiered quantitative method to answer the purpose of knowing the distribution of hazard and vulnerability areas and analysis of the results of mathematical calculations to determine the risk of Angin Puting Beliung. The results obtained show that Semarang city has a high hazard level of 28,502% which is mostly found in the southwest and northeast of Semarang. High levels of vulnerability are in the sub-districts of West Semarang, Mijen, Gunung Pati, and Tembalang. The risk level with a high class ranks the least, namely from other classes with a distribution in the sub-district of Tugu and Tembalang, accounted at 16.294%.

Environmental Critical Analysis of Urban Heat Island Phenomenon Using ECI (Environmental Critically Index) Algorithm in Surakarta City and Its Surroundings

One of the impacts of unplanned urban growth is the decrease of urban vegetation which is replaced by land development such as buildings, roads and open land with paving block materials. This causes the environmental quality to decline. Surakarta City is one of the cities with rapid growth in Central Java. This is indicated by the increase in population over the years. This research examines the phenomenon of changes in environmental quality using ECI with variables NDVI and LST using Landsat 8 in 2013 and 2019. In particular, this study analyzes the relationship between ECI and UHI and the relationship between LST and NDVI to ECI. The results show that in 2013 ECI area was dominated by the City Center, then in 2019 it expanded to the outer areas surrounding Surakarta City. The Urban - Rural gradient also illustrates that the highest average of ECI in urban areas will decrease when heading to Rural areas. The decrease happened due to the pressure from the growing population. Each variable has a strong correlation with one another and influences each other. Efforts to overcome environmental criticality are sustainable greening, because green spaces can help reduce the warming effects of UHI.