Role of trehalose in MPTP-induced injury of SH-SY5Y cells and its mechanism

Objective: To establish a Parkinson's disease (PD) cell model of human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), and to explore the possible mechanism of trehalose in PD. Methods: SH-SY5Y cells were cultured and divided into four groups: control group, trehalose group, MPTP group and trehalose +MPTP group.The trehalose was detected with MTT assay for its effect of on the viability of injured SH-SY5Y cells. The lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was detected by kit for its level in culture medium. The ROS was assessed by DCFH-DA for its average level in cells. Besides, Hoechst 33342 staining was used to detect apoptosis. The endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) related proteins GRP78, IRE1, PERK and ATF6 were also detected by Western blot for its expression levels. Results: The survival rate of MPTP group decreased significantly and the levels of LDH and ROS increased compared with the control group. In addition, the survival rate of cells in trehalose +MPTP group increased significantly and the levels of LDH and ROS decreased compared with MPTP group. The expressions of GRP78, IRE1, p- IRE1, PERK, p- PERK and ATF6 in MPTP group increased, but decreased in trehalose +MPTP group compared with the control group. Conclusion: Trehalose has a significant protective effect on MPTP-induced SH-SY5Y cells injury, and its mechanism may be related to the effect of trehalose on oxidative stress by inhibiting ER stress response.

Application of 25-National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire in ophthalmological patients

Objective: To compare the vision-targeted health related quality of life (HRQOL) between neuro-ophthalmological patients and other eye diseases by the National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire. Methods: Cross sectional study with a control group and patients with the following pathologies: primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), intracranial hypertension (IH), optic neuritis (ON), ptosis and cataract. Results: All comparisons of the subscales scores among the control group and the patient groups were statistically significant (p<0.05) except for “ocular pain” (p=0.160), “social functioning” (p=0.052) and “peripheral vision” (p=0.112). The control group had the best scores across all dimensions of the NEI VFQ-25. Interestingly, the ARMD and cataract groups presented the best and worst total scores of NEI VFQ-25, respectively. The lowest subscales scores were found in the cataract, in the NAION/ON, and in the POAG groups. Finally, the comparison between the NAION/ON/IH patients and the other eye diseases did not show statistical significance in any subscale. Conclusion: The NEI VFQ-25 showed the impact of various eye conditions in vision-targeted HRQOL, and no difference was measured between neuro-ophthalmological patients and other eye diseases

Clinical effect of Hongteng decoction combined with levofloxacin in the treatment of chronic pelvic inflammatory disease and its effect on inflammatory factors

Objective: To explore the clinical therapeutic effect of Hongteng decoction combined with levofloxacin on chronic pelvic inflammatory disease (CPID) patients and its effect on the expression of inflammatory factors. Methods: 72 patients with CPID who were diagnosed and treated in * * hospital from January 2020 to December 2020 were selected and randomly divided into observation group (n = 36) and control group (n = 36). The control group was treated with levofloxacin and the observation group was treated with Hongteng decoction retention enema on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated continuously for 2 courses. The clinical therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared, and the changes of related inflammatory indexes such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-10 (IL-10), C-reactive protein (CRP) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. The score of quality of life and the occurrence of adverse reactions before treatment were compared. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The inflammatory indexes of IL-2, IL-10, CRP and TNF-α in 2 groups before treatment were compared, and there was no statistical significance (P>0.05). After treatment, the expression of IL-2 and IL-10 in the observation group was higher than that in the control group, and the expression of CRP and TNF-α was lower than that in the control group, with statistical significance (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in physical pain, life function, social function and mental health scores between the two groups before treatment (P>0.05). After treatment, scores of physical pain, life function, social function and mental health in the observation group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the observation group and the control group (P>0.05). Conclusion: Hongteng decoction combined with levofloxacin has definite efficacy in the treatment of CPID, which can effectively improve the clinical symptoms of patients and inhibit inflammatory response, and is worthy of clinical promotion. Key words: Hongteng decoction; Levofloxacin; Pelvic inflammatory disease; Clinical effect; Inflammatory cytokines.

Rabbit Normal Regenerating Pancreas Extract induces rat BM-MSCs into Pancreatic Islet-like Structure Cells in vitro

Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) could differentiate into Insulin Producing Cells(IPCs) with notable advantages. The present study tried to develop a method may be able to use a normal regenerating pancreas extract(N-RPE) medium to induce BM-MSCs into islet phenotype, in tests to assess how efficient method and simple duplicate the novel condition medium protocol is. Isolate and purify MSCs from rat bone marrow. BM-MSCs were differentiated into Adipogenic, Osteogenic and Myocardium and the lineages were assessed its multi-lineage potential. Islet differentiation medium, blending rabbit conditioned medium N-RPE, was administered to rat BM-MSCs. After 15 days, differentiation was evaluated by lineage-specific morphology and three stages could be observed: induced cells, islet like cells(ILCs) and islet like structures(ILSs). The morphology, SEM, DTZ staining, Mallory staining, HE staining and glucose stimulation demonstrated that the N-RPE could stimulate suitable development microenvironment to supply the islet differentiate from BM-MSCs. In addition, islet-related genes (ins/glu) expression and proteins(insulin/glucagon) expression suggested that culture medium rabbit N-RPE enhanced the rat BM-MSCs transdifferentiation efficiency. N-RPE derived from normal pancreas tissue could promote pancreas development of microenvironment and significantly enhance the transdifferentiation of BM-MSCs into ILSs. Results from this work will contribute to optimize the conditions of BM-MSCs and supply a new strategy for the development of islet tissue engineering.

The Role of Cellular Membrane Microvesicles in Acute Myelogenous Leukemia

Little is known about the role of cellular membrance microvesicles (MVs) in hematological malignancies, especially acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), a malignant disease characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic stem or progenitor cells, which can lead to bone marrow failure and eventually to death. The role of MVs in the pathogenesis of cancer has been reported previously. In this review, we summarized the current progress of MVs in AML, and their roles as potential biomarkers and therapeutically targets for this research area. In summary, we found that MVs may represent a novel biomarker for disease diagnosis and response to treatment, indicators of disease status and severity, as well as potential active modulator for driving drug resistance. Further studies are needed to better understanding deeply about the role of MVs in AML.

Research progress of platelet-rich plasma in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is a high-concentration platelet plasma derived from autologous blood, rich in a variety of growth factors. It can promote cell proliferation and differentiation. PRP has been widely used in oral cavity, plastic surgery, orthopedics, neurosurgery and other fields this year. This article reviews the preparation of platelet-rich plasma, the principle of treatment of androgenetic alopecia, and its clinical treatment progress, current problems and future application prospects.

Application of 25-National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire in ophthalmological patients

Objective: To compare the vision-targeted health related quality of life (HRQOL) between neuro-ophthalmological patients and other eye diseases by the National Eye Institute 25-Item Visual Function Questionnaire. Methods: Cross sectional study with a control group and patients with the following pathologies: primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), diabetic retinopathy (DR), age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), non-arteritic ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), intracranial hypertension (IH), optic neuritis (ON), ptosis and cataract. Results: All comparisons of the subscales scores among the control group and the patient groups were statistically significant (p<0.05) except for “ocular pain” (p=0.160), “social functioning” (p=0.052) and “peripheral vision” (p=0.112). The control group had the best scores across all dimensions of the NEI VFQ-25. Interestingly, the ARMD and cataract groups presented the best and worst total scores of NEI VFQ-25, respectively. The lowest subscales scores were found in the cataract, in the NAION/ON, and in the POAG groups. Finally, the comparison between the NAION/ON/IH patients and the other eye diseases did not show statistical significance in any subscale. Conclusion: The NEI VFQ-25 showed the impact of various eye conditions in vision-targeted HRQOL, and no difference was measured between neuro-ophthalmological patients and other eye diseases.