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Mengapa Negara Gagal – Awal Mula Kekuasaan, Kemakmuran dan Kemiskinan

Mengapa negara makmur begitu banyak tapi tidak sedikit pula negeri yang masih melarat? Mengapa di era global, kesenjangan antarnegara masih menganga? Buku ini hadir mengulas problematika tersebut dengan menggunakan pendekatan institusional. Jawaban dari pertanyaan tersebut diuraikan oleh Acemoglu dan Robinson: karena institusi. Negara makmur karena mengadopsi institusi ekonomi dan politik inklusif, sedangkan negara miskin karena menerapkan institusi ekonomi dan politik ekstraktif. Intisui inklusif diartikan sebagai adanya kesetaraan setiap warga negara untuk memiliki hak dan kesempatan akan akses sumber-sumber ekonomi dan politik untuk kemakmuran bangsa. Sedangkan intitusi ekstraktif adalah penguasaan oleh segelintir elit kecil untuk menguasai segala sumber daya demi kepentingan kelompok mereka. Hal inilah yang diulas oleh dua ekonom terkemuka untuk menjelaskan kesenjangan yang terjadi selama ini.

Political Conflict on the Results of Recapitulation in Regional Head Elections in North Borneo Province in 2015

The conflict that occurred amid the people of North Borneo Province in the Regional Head Election for the first time in 2015 was the non-acceptance of one of the candidate's supporters after the recapitulation of the vote count. Demonstrations of facilities damage conflicts include burning the Governor's office, burning of the Regional Election Commission (KPUD) office, banners, burning tires, and burning cars. This study uses qualitative research methods with a phenomenological approach, in data collection with in-depth interviews with resource persons including Chairperson of Regional Election Commission (KPUD), Commissioner of Regional Election Commission (KPUD), Members of Regional Election Commission (KPUD), and Regency Communities Bulungan. This research is also inseparable by collecting books, journals, reputable websites, and the like related to research. Furthermore, the data is managed using the Nvivo 12 Plus software, with Crosstab Analysis feature in common sentences, then concluded. The results showed that the trigger for the reaction that resulted in the conflict was due to regional sentiment, indicating that there was an indication of money politics, the state civil apparatus (ASN), and the lack of C6 forms.

Hate Studies: The Urgency and Its Developments in the Perspective of Religious Studies

This article is a descriptive study of hate. The phenomenon of hatred has prompted many researchers to find out more about hatred, the effects of hatred, and hate management. This research revealed that hatred had become a separate field of study, called the Hate Study, initiated and organized by the Gonzaga University Institute for Hate Studies, in 1997. Hate Studies became an international interdisciplinary field that united scholars, academic researchers, practitioners, human rights activists, policy makers, NGO leaders, and others. This study collects research results from various academic fields, both in the fields of humanities, social sciences, education, politics, economics, and the like so as to produce scientific discussions and practical applications in the academic, legal and policy settings, and counter-hate practices in community organizations civil. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the urgency of multidisciplinary religious studies disciplinary participation in hate studies, to analyze the evolution of hatred, and to find ways in dealing with the spread of hatred and violence that is needed by the plural world today. Therefore, the academic approach to religious studies will provide theoretical guidance and practice that can enrich understanding of hatred as well as dealing with the effects of hatred.

Walking the Talk, from Online to Offline? Analyzing Predictors of Political Engagements in the Case of Cebu City, Philippines

The political engagement of individuals has complexly evolved in a borderless world brought by various developments in technology. This study revisits how various predictors, including personality traits such as extraversion and openness to experience, political efficacy, and online (FB) engagement, influence offline political engagements. Using quantitative techniques, the data gathered from a survey with 120 respondents in Cebu City, Philippines, was analyzed using the R software to generate descriptive statistics, correlation, simple linear regression, and multiple regression. A salient finding shows that the respondents’ level of extraversion, openness to experience, and political efficacy is high, while the level of political engagement is low online and offline. While online (FB) political engagement alone highly predicts offline political engagement behavior, all other independent variables (extraversion, openness to experience, and political efficacy) modeled as one attributes a very low effect towards offline political engagement. The model that includes all predictors have produced significant result that strongly supports this study’s central claim. Further, the study discussed the non-engagement of Cebuanos and commenced with suggestions on how Facebook (FB) can further influence an individual’s political engagements as a social media platform. While the publics’ engagements on political issues are vital to democratic societies, the study stressed social media's crucial influence on safeguarding democracies, human rights, and social justice.