Образ мазура в славянской фольклорной языковой картине мира (на материале текстов польского, украинского и частично русского и белорусского фольклора)

The main thesis put forward in this article is the question of folk linguistic view of Mazur in the examples of Polish, Ukrainian, Belarusian and Russian folklore. The question are analyzed on the basis of folklore materials: anectodes, traditional oral folk stories, adages and fairy tales. The research method is based on Bartminski’s and J. Matskevichsconcept of linguistic worldview. Linguistic worldview is understood as a kind of interpretation of reality and group of ideas reflected in language. Folklore is understood as reflection of popular worldview, system of beliefs and ethnic stereotypes. This article focus on a reconstruction of Mazurs linguistic creation, and also try to define his role in Slavic folk linguistic view.

Oke-Ibadan Festival and the Ethnography of Aboke people of Ibadan

This study examines Oke-Ibadan festival and the ethnography of Aboke people of Ibadan. The objectives of the study are to document the cultural identity, fashion, family life-style, crafts, and hobbies of Aboke people; and, also, ascertain the significance of Oke-Ibadan festival to Aboke’s at home and abroad. Two sociological perspectives which include structural-functionalism and symbolic interactionism were used to provide a theoretical context for the study. The study adopts exploratory survey design which includes purposive and convenience sampling techniques. Thirty-five (35) participants were selected for the study. The instruments used in eliciting information from the participants were in-depth interview (IDI) guide and focus group discussion (FGD) guide, while the responses were gathered with the aid of electronic gadget such as the audio recorder. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, content analysis, and ethnography summary. The finding revealed that Aboke people have a unique cultural identity among other ethnic groups in Yorubaland. Their cultural identity as attested to by the participants include; hosting of Oke-Ibadan festival, retaining tribal mark, production of traditional/black soap for the cure of measles, narrating folk stories to the young generation in order to encourage high fertility rate, unique dress code, and acceptable physical appearance.

Leaving a Man: Javanese Female Resistance in Indonesian Folktales and Songs

Marriage is an intrinsic part of the life cycle around the world, and Javanese culture is no exception. However, it causes many problems in relationships between women and men. This research explores how Javanese women put up resistance through the analysis of stories and songs. It also reveals that they choose their husbands based on certain criteria, and leave them when the men fall short of their expectations. This non-fulfilment often happens because the original choice was based on the man’s personality or appearance, or even due to an unplanned affair. Giving up that relationships allows women to achieve freedom and recover their rights as individuals. These folk stories and songs offer a form of catharsis for Javanese women, who, for economic, social and cultural reasons, lack opportunities to leave their husbands.

Geo-environmental Factors in Three Persian Folk Stories: A Preliminary Study

Stories mirror the essential function of human cognitive activity. In the present preliminary study, we hypothesized that the mental spaces that make up the stories can be influenced by the environmental conditions of their creators. For this purpose, three stories from three different climatic zones in Iran were selected and a content analysis method was used to analyze their components. Results showed significant differences between the mental spaces of different geographic regions in these three stories. This finding could be considered as a step taken to show the extent to which an individual’s cognition and cognitive processing in general and the creation of meaning in particular, is an extension and representation of embodied experience. We have discussed the subject in the framework of narrative analysis as well as cognitive semantics.

Pikas and People: Human-Pika (Ochotona) interaction in the Himalaya of Nepal

Koju NP, Chalise MK, Kyes RC. 2021. Pikas and People: Human-Pika (Ochotona) interaction in the Himalaya of Nepal. Biodiversitas 22: 5085-5091. This study examined human-pika (Ochotona) interaction in two protected areas of Nepal: Lamtang National Park (LNP) and Api Nampa Conservation Area (ACNA). We conducted the study between 2012 and 2017 and employed a combination of three qualitative sampling methods: observation of behavior (both humans and pikas), practices, and rituals of the local residents, pilgrims, tourists, and Yarsagumba (Ophiocordyceps sinesis) collectors; collection of folk stories; and focus group discussions with local residents to investigate the nature of human-pika interaction. Based on the collective data, three general themes relating to human-pika interaction emerged: 1) the perception of pikas as a respected entity; 2) effects of anthropogenic pollution on pikas, and 3) pikas as a traditional medicine. In LNP, the pika was respected as symbol of the Buddhist monk ‘Lama’. In contrast, at ANCA, the dried meat of pika was used by local people for traditional medicine. At both locations, there is an increasing human presence resulting in increased anthropogenic pollution. This, in turn, may present a potential risk to the pikas over the long term. Further investigation is needed to address the effects of anthropogenic activities on the pika and to ensure the health and viability of the pika population.

“When the Cock crows, the Devil Falls” – a Review of Christian Thought Concerning Birds in Selected Folk Tales

In the consumptive world, mysterious things function as magic or superstition, sometimes via tradition, or a relic of a by-gone era. However, we are still afraid to see a black cat, and somebody remembers the celandine (in Polish “jaskółcze ziele”), though nobody knows its connotation with the swallow. The image of birds in folk tales connects the observation of nature, throughout the year and religious holidays, with their consequences for Man. Since the beginning, Man has admired nature, being afraid of its wildness and primeval power. When one joined it with divinity, it aroused fear even more, but also evoked greater fascination. In this article, I present the essence of myths in folk stories, and its function on the example of birds which have lived in proverbs and sayings. I will also show the variety of references to the cult of Christian saints, the love of the land, and the nature that surrounds us. I would like to show how our attitude towards nature has changed, and what is the function of birds as an element of the environment. I would also like to answer the question; does a modern man need myths to discover his sense of life and realise its meaning?

Archetypes in Biak folktales: characters, symbols, and concepts

Characters, symbols, concepts, patterns, ideas, images, and many more are similar across the globe. This is because people are similar around the world to put it simply. But to put it in a more sophisticated way, these similarities are there because all human ancestors originated from the same place i. e Africa and later spread all around the globe together with the unconscious patterns of images, ideas, etc. inherited in their genes and universally present in individual psyches. These similarities in characters, symbols, concepts, patterns, and others are called archetypes. Using archetypal criticism, this article will present a number of archetypal characters, archetypal symbols, and archetypal concepts found in the Biak (in Papua) folk stories with discussions of similar characters, symbols, and concepts from around the globe. One very famous example of archetypal character in the Biak stories is Manarmakeri in the Manarmakeri myth with the famous archetypal symbol which found its way to be in the ‘Bintang Kejora’ (the Morning Star) flag of the Papua Freedom Movement called Sampari (also Makmeser), and the archetypal concept of a bountiful era, like Eden, called Koreri still sought for until today.

Candi Merak: Antara Peninggalan, Pelestarian, dan Harapan (Sebuah Kajian Filologi)

Many folk stories are recorded in book form (manuscripts), but some are still in verbal form (oral stories). To facilitate and increase the provision of data sources on local wisdom in the form of books (manuscripts), it is necessary to carry out an inventory of these texts, one of which is an inventory of the legend of the origin of the name Merak Temple which is located in Karangnongko District, Klaten Regency. Departing from the above statement, this study aims to inventory the folklore about the origin of the name Merak Temple which is located in Candi Dukuh, Karangnongko Village, Karangnongko District, Klaten Regency. This research uses qualitative methods, namely research conducted to understand what is experienced by research subjects holistically, descriptively in the form of words and language, in a natural and scientific context. This method is used to analyze the legendary text of the origin of the name of the Merak temple. This research is a folklore research. Basically, this research begins with an inventory of the legendary stories in the form of manuscripts. Furthermore, the legend manuscript becomes the object of research, from reading the text of the legend of the origin of the peacock temple, it can be described the data which is the source of local wisdom in it, namely pamali (taboo / taboo) and recommendations contained in the text. The results showed that pamali or taboo is an expression of prohibition that arises in connection with the existence of the Merak Temple in Pura Karangnongko Hamlet. Pamali is trusted and believed by the hamlet community around Candi Merak as a rule that must be obeyed. Pamali found regarding the existence of the Merak Temple in the dukuh community was the prohibition of acting immoral or saying dirty, disrespectful words, spitting, throwing garbage (feces) around the temple. If the prohibition is violated, it will result in the person concerned being injured / unluck. Keywords: merak temple, local wisdom, folklor, pamali