Understanding Smart City Solutions in Turkish Cities From the Perspective of Sustainability

The purpose of this chapter is to analyze the concept of smart city and its potential solutions to correct urban problems. Smart city practices and solutions have been investigated through the lens of a sustainable perspective. As the general practices in the global scale were examined, particular focus has been directed to smart city practices in Turkey and applicable suggestions have been developed. A number of cities in Turkey rank the lowest in the list of livable cities index. Consequential to the rapidly rising population ratios, the quality of provided services declines; economic and social life in cities are adversely affected and brand images of cities are deteriorated. With the implementation of smart city practices, such problems could be corrected, and these cities could gain competitive advantage over their rivals. The key component of this smart administration is to most effectively utilize information and communication technologies during each single step of this process.

Conceptual Foundations of Creating Sustainable Development Strategy of Smart Cities

This chapter is devoted to the study of the role of ecological subsystem in the structure of the sustainable development program of smart city. The author suggests the logic of building the environmental strategy of the city as a long-term landmark of its sustainable development including the environmental mission, vision of the future, goals and priorities, programs and their implementation, target indicators for assessing results, and consequences of realization programs. Certain attention is paid to the city as an object of research with a focus on environmental problems. The characteristics of the factors affecting the development of the ecological situation in the city are shown. A system of criteria and indicators that can be used to assess the impact of the planned environmental activities is proposed.

How Internet of Things Is Transforming Project Management

Organizations are experiencing a transformation as a consequence of digital technologies such as social, mobile, big data, cloud computing, and internet of things. The transformation presents challenges at several levels, and project management is not an exception. There are changes in the project environment, the power structures, capabilities, skills, and standard practices, just to name a few. Considering the eventual obsolescence of many project portfolio management practices, the aim of this chapter is to discuss the influence of internet of things in this discipline. The analysis departs from rethinking project management insights and describes the impact of smart and connected products considering many dimensions. Recommendations for each PPM stage are developed, followed by a brief discussion of future research directions.

Communications Technologies for Smart Grid Applications

Smart grid is a modern power grid infrastructure for improved efficiency, reliability, and safety, with smooth integration of renewable and alternative energy sources, through automated control and modern communications technologies. The smart grid offers several advantages over traditional power grids such as reduced operational costs and opening new markets to utility providers, direct communication with customer premises through advanced metering infrastructure, self-healing in case of power drops or outage, providing security against several types of attacks, and preserving power quality by increasing link quality. Typically, a heterogeneous set of networking technologies is found in the smart grid. In this chapter, smart grid communications technologies along with their advantages and disadvantages are explained. Moreover, research challenges and open research issues are provided.

Mining Smart Meter Data

Metering side of electricity distribution system has been one of the prime focus of industry and academia both. The most recent advancement in this field is installation of smart meters. The installation of smart meters enables collection of massive amounts of data regarding electricity generation and consumption. The analysis of this data could help generate actionable insights for the supply side and provide the consumers demand management-related inputs. The problem addressed in this chapter is to identify suitable data mining algorithm for applications like: estimating the demand and supply of electricity, user and use profiling of commercial, and industrial customers, and variables suitable for these purposes. This chapter, on the basis of rigorous literature review, presents a taxonomy of smart meter data mining. It includes the summary of application of smart meter data analytics, characteristics of dataset used, and smart meter business globally. This chapter could help researchers identify potential research opportunities, and practitioners can use it for planning and designing a smart electricity system.

Future Directions to the Application of Distributed Fog Computing in Smart Grid Systems

The rapid growth of new technologies in power systems requires real-time monitoring and control of bidirectional data communication and electric power flow. Cloud computing has centralized architecture and is not scalable towards the emerging internet of things (IoT) landscape of the grid. Further, under large-scale integration of renewables, this framework could be bogged down by congestion, latency, and subsequently poor quality of service (QoS). This calls for a distributed architecture called fog computing, which imbibes both clouds as well as the end-devices to collect, process, and act upon the data locally at the edge for low latency applications prior to forwarding them to the cloud for more complex operations. Fog computing offers high performance and interoperability, better scalability and visibility, and greater availability in comparison to a grid relying only on the cloud. In this chapter, a prospective research roadmap, future challenges, and opportunities to apply fog computing on smart grid systems is presented.

Analysis of the Nexus Between Smart Grid, Sustainable Energy Consumption, and the Smart City

Since the 1990s, the field of smart grid has attempted to remedy some of the core development deficiencies associated with power supply in the smart city. While it seemingly succeeds in provision of electricity, it fails to fully resolve the difficulties associated with sustainable energy consumption. This suggests that the future of smart grid analytics in the smart city largely depends on efficiency in energy consumption which integrates sustainability in the overall energy use. This chapter analyzes the nexus between smart grid, sustainable energy consumption, and the smart city.

Smart Cities, Smart Grids, and Smart Grid Analytics

The introduction of the 21st century has experienced a growing trend in the number of people who choose to live within a city. Rapid urbanisation however, comes a variety of issues which are technical, social, physical and organisational in nature because of the complex gathering of large population numbers in such a spatially limited area. This rapid growth in population presents new challenges for the already stretched city services and infrastructure as they are faced with the problems of finding smarter methods to deal with issues including: traffic congestion, waste management and increased energy usage. This chapter examines the phenomenon of smart cities, their many definitions, their ability to alleviate the discomforts cities suffer due to rapid urbanisation and ultimately offer an improved and more sustainable lives for the city's citizens. This chapter also highlights the benefits of smart grids, their bi-directional real-time communication ability, and their other qualities.

Industry 4.0

The term Industry 4.0 was born in the research group of the German federal government as well as in a project of the same name from the high-tech strategy of the federal government. It is meant to describe the interlacing of industrial production with modern information and communication technology. A key success factor and a major difference to computer-integrated manufacturing (according to Industry 3.0) is the use of internet technologies for communication between people, machines, and products. Cyber-physical systems and the internet of things (IoT) form the technological basis. The objectives are essentially the classic goals of the manufacturing industry, such as quality, cost and time efficiency, as well as resource efficiency, flexibility, convergence, and robustness (or resilience) in volatile markets. Industry 4.0 is one of the core themes of the federal government's digital agenda.