TEM Observation of Spheroidal Graphite in Ductile Cast Iron

PRICM ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 3459-3464
Author(s):  
Takamichi Hara ◽  
Takahiro Kitagawa ◽  
Susumu Ikeno ◽  
Seiji Saikawa ◽  
Kiyoshi Terayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite

scholarly journals Revisiting Models for Spheroidal Graphite Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 925 ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Karsten Bjerre ◽  
Mohammed Azeem ◽  
Peter D. Lee ◽  
Jesper Henri Hattel ◽  
Niels Skat Tiedje
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Microstructure Formation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Graphite Growth

Recent experiments resolved nucleation and growth of graphite during solidification of ductile cast iron in 4D using synchrotron X-ray tomography. A numerical model for microstructure formation during solidification is compared with the experiments. Despite very good overall agreement between observations of spheroidal graphite growth and model results, significant deviations exist towards the end of solidification. We use the experimental observations to analyse the relation between graphite growth rate and the state of the particle neighbourhood to pinpoint possible links between growth rate of individual graphite spheres and the overall solidification state. With this insight we revisit existing models for growth of spheroidal graphite and discuss possible modifications in order to correctly describe the critical final stage of solidification.

Influence of Ca-Ba and Sr Base Inoculants on Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Grey and Ductile Cast Irons

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruv Patel ◽  
Devendra Parmar ◽  
Siddharthsinh Jadeja
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Primary Carbide ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Melt Temperature ◽  
Nodular Graphite

Microstructural adaptation of cast iron alloys by inoculation is a well-known practice to swell their mechanical properties. In foundries, several inoculants have been used to refine grain structure, and to obtain uniform distribution of graphite flakes. Inoculation is one of the most critical steps in cast iron production. The effectiveness of inoculants depends on melt temperature, method of addition, type of inoculants, and holding time. In this paper, the effect of Ca-based, Ba-based, Ca-Ba based and Sr-based inoculants on microstructure and tensile properties of grey cast iron IS-210 and spheroidal graphite iron IS-1862 is reported. Results showed both Ca and Ba based inoculants were effective in obtaining uniform distribution of flaky and nodular graphite in IS-210, and IS-1862 cast irons, respectively. But in a case of Sr-based inoculant were highly effective for increase the nodularity of SG cast iron as well as succeed supreme yield strength for both grey and ductile cast iron. The amounts of ferrite in the as-cast matrix are excess with controlled granulometry for elimination of primary carbide in Sr-based inoculant.

Sclero-Topometry in Superficial Wear and Metal Processing of Ductile Cast Iron at Boundary Lubrication. Application to Tribological Valorization of Waste Oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 858-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Eymard ◽  
R. Ourahmoune ◽  
S. Bouvier ◽  
Z. Ignaszak ◽  
T.G. Mathia
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Heterogeneous Material ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Initial Application ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Metal Processing

In order to better understand superficial abrasive wear and metal processing sclero-topometric investigations have been developed and applied to spheroidal cast iron at boundary lubrication regime with new, waste and regenerated oils. Recycling of waste oils is the major challenge of worldwide society today, specifically for petroleum resources, and therefore, for derivatives like transformer oil. The contradictory characteristics from physical approach of transformer oil, requiring and insuring simultaneously a high thermal conductivity as well as an electrical resistivity, are specific for their applications. During the efficient lifetime, these characteristics progressively decrease, due to complex pollution (divers pollutions, water absorption, Polychlorobiphenyl (PCB), etc) and degradation (acids, resins, polluted oils, biological invasions, wear debris's du to local frictions, fretting, etc…), ultimately making the oil unsuitable for the initial application. [1] The strategy to upgrade the waste oil is investigated in the presented work using improved sclerometric and topometric characterisations [2,3] on deliberately selected heterogeneous material - ductile cast iron (with spheroidal graphite precipitations) widely manufactured for various transport industry[4].

scholarly journals Observation of Spheroidal Graphite in Ductile Cast Iron by Tem

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hara ◽  
T. Maekawa ◽  
T. Kawabata ◽  
K. Terayama ◽  
S. Ikeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Graphite Structure ◽  
Carbon Peak

The microstructure of spheroidal graphites in ductile cast iron (FCD450) was investigated by TEM using cross sectional TEM samples prepared by FIB method. The spheroidal graphite consisted of many small areas, and all of these areas were indexed as the graphite structure and just carbon peak was detected from there.

scholarly journals Structure Distribution in Precise Cast Iron Moulded on Meltable Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Skrbek ◽  
K. Policar
Keyword(s):  
Quality Improvement ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Flake Graphite ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Remanent Magnetism ◽  
Measurement Results ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Grey Cast

Abstract Topic of this work is to compare metalurgy of cast irons poured into sand moulds and into shell molds at IEG Jihlava company and from it following differencies in structures of thin- and thick-walled castings. This work is dealing with investigation and experimental measurement on surfaces and sections suitable thin- and thick-walled investment castings at IEG Jihlava. Cast irons with flake graphite (grey cast iron) and cast irons with spheroidal graphite (ductile cast iron). Both mechanical and physical properties are determined using calculations from as measured values of wall thicknesses L and Lu, Vickers hardness and remanent magnetism. Measurement results are discussed, findings are formulated and methods for castings metallurgical quality improvement are recommended finally.

scholarly journals Automatic quantitative analysis of microstructure of ductile cast iron using digital image processing

10.30544/77 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-166
Author(s):  
Abhijit Malage ◽  
Priti P. Rege ◽  
Manoj J. Rathod
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Metal Sample ◽  
Nodule Detection ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Manual Methods ◽  
Short Time

Ductile cast iron is preferred as nodular iron or spheroidal graphite iron. Ductile cast iron contains graphite in form of discrete nodules and matrix of ferrite and perlite. In order to determine the mechanical properties, one needs to determine volume of phases in matrix and nodularity in the microstructure of metal sample. Manual methods available for this, are time consuming and accuracy depends on expertize. The paper proposes a novel method for automatic quantitative analysis of microstructure of Ferritic Pearlitic Ductile Iron which calculates volume of phases and nodularity of that sample. This gives results within a very short time (approximately 5 sec) with 98% accuracy for volume phases of matrices and 90% of accuracy for nodule detection and analysis which are in the range of standard specified for SG 500/7 and validated by metallurgist.

Tem Observation of Spheroidal Graphite in Ductile Cast Iron

2013 ◽  
pp. 3459-3464
Author(s):  
Hara Takamichi ◽  
Kitagawa Takahiro ◽  
Ikeno Susumu ◽  
Saikawa Seiji ◽  
Terayama Kiyoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite

Spheroidal Graphite Cast Irons (or Ductile Cast Iron)

2018 ◽  
pp. 105-140
Author(s):  
José Antonio Pero-Sanz Elorz ◽  
Daniel Fernández González ◽  
Luis Felipe Verdeja
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Cast Irons

scholarly journals X-Ray Imaging of Formation and Growth of Spheroidal Graphite in Ductile Cast Iron

2018 ◽  
Vol 925 ◽  
pp. 104-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideyuki Yasuda ◽  
A. Sugiyama ◽  
C. Kiattisaksri ◽  
Kohei Morishita ◽  
Tomoya Nagira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Eutectic Growth ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Eutectic Solidification ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
In Situ Observation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Graphite Particles ◽  
Specimen Holder

Time-resolved and in-situ observations using synchrotron radiation X-rays were performed to observe solidification of cast iron (CE=4.5, 0.02mass%Mg). Morphology of graphite particles was influenced by specimen holder material. In the Al2O3 holder, graphite particles were spheroidal at the beginning and then deviated from the spheroidal shape. In addition, the coupled eutectic solidification of austenite and graphite occurred at the final stage. In contrast, the divorced eutectic solidification, in which graphite particles and austenite dendrites independently grew, was selected until the end of solidification in MgO holder. Spheroidal graphite particles were engulfed by austenite. Consequently, typical microstructure observed in ductile cast iron was reproduced in the in-situ observation. The results suggested that oxygen potential, which was determined by Al2O3 or MgO (specimen holder) in the observations, could be an important factor for the selection of eutectic growth mode and graphite morphology.

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