scholarly journals Revisiting Models for Spheroidal Graphite Growth

2018 ◽  
Vol 925 ◽  
pp. 118-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Karsten Bjerre ◽  
Mohammed Azeem ◽  
Peter D. Lee ◽  
Jesper Henri Hattel ◽  
Niels Skat Tiedje
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Microstructure Formation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Graphite Growth

Recent experiments resolved nucleation and growth of graphite during solidification of ductile cast iron in 4D using synchrotron X-ray tomography. A numerical model for microstructure formation during solidification is compared with the experiments. Despite very good overall agreement between observations of spheroidal graphite growth and model results, significant deviations exist towards the end of solidification. We use the experimental observations to analyse the relation between graphite growth rate and the state of the particle neighbourhood to pinpoint possible links between growth rate of individual graphite spheres and the overall solidification state. With this insight we revisit existing models for growth of spheroidal graphite and discuss possible modifications in order to correctly describe the critical final stage of solidification.

Nucleation and growth of graphite particles in ductile cast iron

2019 ◽  
Vol 775 ◽  
pp. 1230-1234 ◽  
Author(s):  
André de Albuquerque Vicente ◽  
João Roberto Sartori Moreno ◽  
Tiago Felipe de Abreu Santos ◽  
Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa ◽  
Jorge Alberto Soares Tenório
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Graphite Particles

TEM Observation of Spheroidal Graphite in Ductile Cast Iron

PRICM ◽  
2013 ◽  
pp. 3459-3464
Author(s):  
Takamichi Hara ◽  
Takahiro Kitagawa ◽  
Susumu Ikeno ◽  
Seiji Saikawa ◽  
Kiyoshi Terayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite

scholarly journals Microstructure, Mechanical Properties and Wear Behavior of High-Velocity Oxygen-Fuel (HVOF) Sprayed (Cr3C2-NiCr+Al) Composite Coating on Ductile Cast Iron

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 840 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzanna Ksiazek ◽  
Lukasz Boron ◽  
Adam Tchorz
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
High Velocity ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Alloy Matrix ◽  
X Ray

In the present work Cr3C2-NiCr powder containing Al particles was deposited on ductile cast iron with high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) thermal spray coating technique. An investigation was conducted to determine the role of Al particles in the Cr3C2-NiCr coating produced with HVOF technique on microstructure, mechanical and wear properties in a system Cr2C3-NiCr coating/ductile cast iron. The microstructure of the HVOF-sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr+Al coating was characterized by light microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Microstructure analysis reveals the formation of coating with low porosity, good adhesion to the substrate and dense structure with irregularly shaped particles of Al arranged in strips and finely fragmented Cr3C2 particles embedded in a nanocrystalline Ni-Cr alloy matrix. In addition, the results were discussed in reference to examination of bending strength considering cracking and delamination in the system of (Cr3C2-NiCr+Al)/ductile cast iron as well as microhardness and wear resistance of the coating. It was found that the addition of Al particles significantly increased resistance to cracking and wear behaviour in the studied system.

X-Ray Fractographic Study on Fatigue Fracture Surface of Ductile Cast Iron

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 327-334
Author(s):  
Akira Suzuki ◽  
Yoichi Kishi ◽  
Zenjiro Yajima ◽  
Yukio Hirose
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Fracture Surface ◽  
Fatigue Fracture ◽  
Retained Austenite ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Compact Tension ◽  
Fatigue Tests ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Fatigue Fracture Surface ◽  
X Ray

Austempered ductile cast iron (ADI) has composite microstructures, which are martensite/retained austenite structures. ADI has very large toughness compared to other ductile cast irons. After fracture, the retained austenite near the fracture surface will be transformed to martensite. In the present study, X-ray fractography is applied to fatigue fracture surface of ADI. The fatigue tests were carried out on compact tension (CT) specimens. The volume fraction of retained austenite was quantitatively measured on and beneath fatigue fracture surfaces. The plastic strain on the fracture surface was estimated from measuring the line broadening of X-ray diffraction profiles. The depth of the plastic zone left on fracture surface was evaluated from the distributions of the volume fraction of retained austenite. The results are discussed on the basis of fracture mechanics.

Influence of Ca-Ba and Sr Base Inoculants on Metallurgical and Mechanical Properties of Grey and Ductile Cast Irons

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhruv Patel ◽  
Devendra Parmar ◽  
Siddharthsinh Jadeja
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Uniform Distribution ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Grain Structure ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Primary Carbide ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Melt Temperature ◽  
Nodular Graphite

Microstructural adaptation of cast iron alloys by inoculation is a well-known practice to swell their mechanical properties. In foundries, several inoculants have been used to refine grain structure, and to obtain uniform distribution of graphite flakes. Inoculation is one of the most critical steps in cast iron production. The effectiveness of inoculants depends on melt temperature, method of addition, type of inoculants, and holding time. In this paper, the effect of Ca-based, Ba-based, Ca-Ba based and Sr-based inoculants on microstructure and tensile properties of grey cast iron IS-210 and spheroidal graphite iron IS-1862 is reported. Results showed both Ca and Ba based inoculants were effective in obtaining uniform distribution of flaky and nodular graphite in IS-210, and IS-1862 cast irons, respectively. But in a case of Sr-based inoculant were highly effective for increase the nodularity of SG cast iron as well as succeed supreme yield strength for both grey and ductile cast iron. The amounts of ferrite in the as-cast matrix are excess with controlled granulometry for elimination of primary carbide in Sr-based inoculant.

Sclero-Topometry in Superficial Wear and Metal Processing of Ductile Cast Iron at Boundary Lubrication. Application to Tribological Valorization of Waste Oil

2013 ◽  
Vol 554-557 ◽  
pp. 858-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Eymard ◽  
R. Ourahmoune ◽  
S. Bouvier ◽  
Z. Ignaszak ◽  
T.G. Mathia
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Boundary Lubrication ◽  
Heterogeneous Material ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Transformer Oil ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Initial Application ◽  
Petroleum Resources ◽  
Metal Processing

In order to better understand superficial abrasive wear and metal processing sclero-topometric investigations have been developed and applied to spheroidal cast iron at boundary lubrication regime with new, waste and regenerated oils. Recycling of waste oils is the major challenge of worldwide society today, specifically for petroleum resources, and therefore, for derivatives like transformer oil. The contradictory characteristics from physical approach of transformer oil, requiring and insuring simultaneously a high thermal conductivity as well as an electrical resistivity, are specific for their applications. During the efficient lifetime, these characteristics progressively decrease, due to complex pollution (divers pollutions, water absorption, Polychlorobiphenyl (PCB), etc) and degradation (acids, resins, polluted oils, biological invasions, wear debris's du to local frictions, fretting, etc…), ultimately making the oil unsuitable for the initial application. [1] The strategy to upgrade the waste oil is investigated in the presented work using improved sclerometric and topometric characterisations [2,3] on deliberately selected heterogeneous material - ductile cast iron (with spheroidal graphite precipitations) widely manufactured for various transport industry[4].

scholarly journals Observation of Spheroidal Graphite in Ductile Cast Iron by Tem

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-432 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Hara ◽  
T. Maekawa ◽  
T. Kawabata ◽  
K. Terayama ◽  
S. Ikeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Ductile Cast Iron ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Graphite Structure ◽  
Carbon Peak

The microstructure of spheroidal graphites in ductile cast iron (FCD450) was investigated by TEM using cross sectional TEM samples prepared by FIB method. The spheroidal graphite consisted of many small areas, and all of these areas were indexed as the graphite structure and just carbon peak was detected from there.

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