Preventive Conservation in Archaeological Sites

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Henderson ◽  
Ashley M. Lingle
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Preventive Conservation

scholarly journals SyPEAH: The WebAPP System for Protection and Education to Archaeological Heritage in the Parco Archeologico del Colosseo

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Irma Della Giovampaola
Keyword(s):  
Central Area ◽  
Cultural Property ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Archaeological Heritage ◽  
Preventive Conservation ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
Combined Use ◽  
Degradation Monitoring ◽  
Deterioration Process

Archaeological sites are affected by changes due to a natural deterioration process over time. If not prevented, this may compromise the functionality of the cultural property, and in turn become pathological and result in degradation. Monitoring through innovative technologies paves the way towards an effective planned maintenance activity and therefore preventive conservation. The monitoring project of the Parco Archeologico del Colosseo was inspired by the desire to build a system of protection and conservation at the service of sustainable exploitation. Established by Ministerial Decree 12 January 2017 in art. 3, the park is an independent cultural site of the Ministry of Culture. It includes the central area of Rome—the Roman Forum, the Palatine, the Colosseum and the Domus Aurea—and has an extension of about 77 hectares, of which about 32 are buildings. With these objectives, the Parco Archeologico del Colosseo has launched a static and dynamic monitoring project consisting of six fundamental levels of activities. The project involves the creation of a multi-parameter system of permanent control of the entire archaeological area, with the associated indicators of the level of risk, for which it is necessary the combined use of innovative technologies.

scholarly journals Autonomous Service Drones for Multimodal Detection and Monitoring of Archaeological Sites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 10424
Author(s):  
Adel Khelifi ◽  
Gabriele Ciccone ◽  
Mark Altaweel ◽  
Tasnim Basmaji ◽  
Mohammed Ghazal
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
National Goal ◽  
Preventive Conservation ◽  
Detection Algorithms ◽  
Thermal Cameras ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Autonomous Service

Constant detection and monitoring of archaeological sites and objects have always been an important national goal for many countries. The early identification of changes is crucial to preventive conservation. Archaeologists have always considered using service drones to automate collecting data on and below the ground surface of archaeological sites, with cost and technical barriers being the main hurdles against the wide-scale deployment. Advances in thermal imaging, depth imaging, drones, and artificial intelligence have driven the cost down and improved the quality and volume of data collected and processed. This paper proposes an end-to-end framework for archaeological sites detection and monitoring using autonomous service drones. We mount RGB, depth, and thermal cameras on an autonomous drone for low-altitude data acquisition. To align and aggregate collected images, we propose two-stage multimodal depth-to-RGB and thermal-to-RGB mosaicking algorithms. We then apply detection algorithms to the stitched images to identify change regions and design a user interface to monitor these regions over time. Our results show we can create overlays of aligned thermal and depth data on RGB mosaics of archaeological sites. We tested our change detection algorithm and found it has a root mean square error of 0.04. To validate the proposed framework, we tested our thermal image stitching pipeline against state-of-the-art commercial software. We cost-effectively replicated its functionality while adding a new depth-based modality and created a user interface for temporally monitoring changes in multimodal views of archaeological sites.

scholarly journals Geo‐environmental evaluation for the preventive conservation of open‐air archaeological sites: the case of the Roman Necropolis of Carmona (Spain)

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-26
Author(s):  
Javier Elez ◽  
Juan Carlos Cañaveras ◽  
David Benavente ◽  
Angel Fernández‐Cortés ◽  
Soledad Cuezva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Preventive Conservation

scholarly journals Avaliação de uma metodologia de monitoramento com imagens digitais para a conservação preventiva de pinturas rupestres

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (30) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Leandro Surya ◽  
Mércia Carréra ◽  
Sérgio Floquet
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Digital Image ◽  
National Park ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Preventive Conservation ◽  
Photographic Record ◽  
Cave Paintings ◽  
Rock Paintings ◽  
Measurement Metric

O intuito deste artigo é apresentar uma metodologia para o monitoramento de sítios arqueológicos visando à conservação preventiva de pinturas rupestres. Para tal, foram estudadas as metodologias de Processamento e Análise Digital de Imagens (PADI), que foram aplicadas ao contexto das pesquisas em Arqueologia. O monitoramento consistiu no registro fotográfico periódico (uma vez ao mês durante dois anos) de determinados conjuntos de pinturas de sete sítios arqueológicos localizados no Parque Nacional Serra da Capivara. As imagens obtidas foram comparadas por meio de seus histogramas. Um dos resultados foi uma métrica de medição por meio da contagem dos pixels das imagens. A metodologia de monitoramento, apesar de ainda estar nos seus primeiros testes, apresentou-se eficiente e promissora na identificação de alterações no suporte rochoso e nas pinturas rupestres.  Abstract: The aim of this article is to present a methodology for the monitoring of archaeological sites aiming at the preventive conservation of cave paintings. For this, the methodologies of processing and digital image analysis - PADI - were studied and applied to the context of the researches in Archeology. The monitoring consisted of the periodic photographic record (once a month for two years) of certain sets of paintings from seven archaeological sites located in the Serra da Capivara National Park. The images obtained were compared by means of histograms. One of the results was a measurement metric by counting the pixels of the images. The monitoring methodology, although still in its first tests, was efficient and promising in the identification of alterations in rocky support and rock paintings. 

The use of scanning electron microscopy in interpreting chenopodium remains from three archaeological sites in northwestern Iowa

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1112-1113
Author(s):  
Douglas William Jones
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Late Prehistoric ◽  
Eastern United States ◽  
Chenopodium Berlandieri ◽  
Seed Identification ◽  
Level 2 ◽  
Scanning Electron

Within the past 20 years, archaeobotanical research in the Eastern United States has documented an early agricultural complex before the dominance of the Mesoamerican domesticates (corn, beans, and squash) in late prehistoric and historic agricultural systems. This early agricultural complex consisted of domesticated plants such as Iva annua var.macrocarpa (Sumpweed or Marshelder), Hellanthus annuus (Sunflower) and Chenopodium berlandieri, (Goosefoot or Lasbsquarters), and heavily utilized plants such as Polygonum erectum (Erect Knotweed), Phalaris caroliniana (May grass), and Hordeum pusillum (Little Barley).Recent research involving the use of Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) specifically on Chenopodium has established diagnostic traits of wild and domesticated species seeds. This is important because carbonized or uncarbonized seeds are the most commonly recovered Chenopodium material from archaeological sites. The diagnostic seed traits assist archaeobotanists in identification of Chenopodium remains and provide a basis for evaluation of Chenopodium utilization in a culture's subsistence patterns. With the aid of SEM, an analysis of Chenopodium remains from three Late Prehistoric sites in Northwest Iowa (Blood Run [Oneota culture], Brewster [Mill Creek culture], and Chan-Ya-Ta [Mill Creek culture]) has been conducted to: 1) attempt seed identification to a species level, 2) evaluate the traits of the seeds for classification as either wild or domesticated, and 3) evaluate the role of Chenopodium utilization in both the Oneota and Mill Creek cultures.

Preparation And elemental analysis of ancient fibers

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 410-411
Author(s):  
Allen Angel ◽  
Kathryn A. Jakes
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Physical Structure ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Backscattered Electron ◽  
Electron Imaging

Fabrics recovered from archaeological sites often are so badly degraded that fiber identification based on physical morphology is difficult. Although diagenetic changes may be viewed as destructive to factors necessary for the discernment of fiber information, changes occurring during any stage of a fiber's lifetime leave a record within the fiber's chemical and physical structure. These alterations may offer valuable clues to understanding the conditions of the fiber's growth, fiber preparation and fabric processing technology and conditions of burial or long term storage (1).Energy dispersive spectrometry has been reported to be suitable for determination of mordant treatment on historic fibers (2,3) and has been used to characterize metal wrapping of combination yarns (4,5). In this study, a technique is developed which provides fractured cross sections of fibers for x-ray analysis and elemental mapping. In addition, backscattered electron imaging (BSI) and energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (EDS) are utilized to correlate elements to their distribution in fibers.

Bibliography of publications written by Alwyne (Wyn) Cooper Wheeler (1929–2005)

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANN DATTA
Keyword(s):  
Fish Fauna ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Changing Environment ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
The Status ◽  
Fish Remains ◽  
Important Fish ◽  
Selection Of

The bibliography brings together more than 250 scientific papers and books written by Alwyne (Wyn) Wheeler over fifty years, from 1955–2006. This chronological list shows that from the beginning his research followed three themes: taxonomy of historically important fish collections; identification and distribution of the British and European fish fauna ; the status of British fishes in a changing environment. Until the mid-point in Wyn's career he published regularly on the identification of fish remains in archaeological sites in Britain and Europe. Wyn also wrote under an alias, Allan Cooper, and these have been listed separately. The bibliography concludes with a selection of the regular columns he contributed to angling magazines.

Loom weights in Archaic South Italy and Sicily: Fice case studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 123-155
Author(s):  
Hedvig Landenius Enegren
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Experimental Archaeology ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Site Specificity ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
South Italy ◽  
Local Traditions ◽  
Tool Technology

Textiles are perishables in the archaeological record unless specific environmental conditions are met. Fortunately, the textile tools used in their manufacture can provide a wealth of information and via experimental archaeology make visible to an extent what has been lost. The article presents and discusses the results obtained in a research project focused on textile tool technologies and identities in the context of settler and indigenous peoples, at select archaeological sites in South Italy and Sicily in the Archaic and Early Classical periods, with an emphasis on loom weights. Despite a common functional tool technology, the examined loom weights reveal an intriguing inter-site specificity, which, it is argued, is the result of hybrid expressions embedded in local traditions. Experimental archaeology testing is applied in the interpretation of the functional qualities of this common artefact.

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