Diffusion‐Controlled Z‐Scheme‐Steered Charge Separation across PDI/BiOI Heterointerface for Ultraviolet, Visible, and Infrared Light‐Driven Photocatalysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 2102315
Author(s):  
Haijie Ben ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Xiao Liu ◽  
Xiufan Liu ◽  
Cancan Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Charge Separation ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Diffusion Controlled

scholarly journals Integration of High-Performance Nanocrystalline TiO2Photoelectrodes for N719-Sensitized Solar Cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ke-Jian Jiang ◽  
Jin-Ming Zhou ◽  
Kazuhiro Manseki ◽  
Qi-Sheng Liu ◽  
Jin-Hua Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Composite Electrode ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Nir Light ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Dye Loading ◽  
Sensitized Solar Cells ◽  
Molar Extinction Coefficients

We report on enhanced performance of N719-sensitized TiO2solar cells (DSCs) incorporating size and photoelectron diffusion-controlled TiO2as sensitizer-matched light-scatter layers on conventional nanocrystalline TiO2electrodes. The double-layered N719/TiO2composite electrode with a high dye-loading capacity exhibits the diffused reflectance of more than 50% in the range ofλ = 650–800 nm, even when the films are coupled with the titania nanocrystalline underlayer in the device. As a result, the increased near-infrared light-harvesting produces a high light-to-electricity conversion efficiency of over 9% mainly due to the significant increase ofJsc. Such an optical effect of the NIR-light scattering TiO2electrodes will be beneficial when the sensitizers with low molar extinction coefficients, such as N719, are introduced in the device.

Plasmon-induced charge separation at the interface between ITO nanoparticles and TiO2 under near-infrared irradiation

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 5674-5678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hyuk Lee ◽  
Hiroyasu Nishi ◽  
Tetsu Tatsuma
Keyword(s):  
Charge Separation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Electron Injection ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Infrared Irradiation ◽  
Near Infrared Light ◽  
Induced Charge ◽  
Ito Nanoparticles

Plasmon-induced charge separation by continuous electron injection was achieved from ITO nanoparticles to TiO2 under 1500–2200 nm near-infrared light.

Plasmonic behaviour and plasmon-induced charge separation of nanostructured MoO3−x under near infrared irradiation

Nanoscale ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 2841-2847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seung Hyuk Lee ◽  
Hiroyasu Nishi ◽  
Tetsu Tatsuma
Keyword(s):  
Charge Separation ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Infrared Irradiation ◽  
Near Infrared Light ◽  
Induced Charge

Plasmonic MoO3−x nanostructures were developed on template nanoparticles and plasmon-induced charge separation was performed under near infrared light at the interface between the nanostructure and TiO2.

A TEM investigation of a hyper-eutectic lead-tin alloy

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 562-563
Author(s):  
John A. Sutliff
Keyword(s):  
Volume Diffusion ◽  
Eutectic Mixture ◽  
Precipitation Reaction ◽  
Directionally Solidified ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Discontinuous Precipitation Reaction ◽  
Controlled Precipitation

Near-eutectic Pb-Sn alloys are important solders used by the electronics industry. In these solders, the eutectic mixture, which solidifies last, is the important microstructural consituent. The orientation relation (OR) between the eutectic phases has previously been determined for directionally solidified (DS) eutectic alloys using x-ray diffraction or electron chanelling techniques. In the present investigation the microstructure of a conventionally cast, hyper-eutectic Pb-Sn alloy was examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the OR between the eutectic phases was determined by electron diffraction. Precipitates of Sn in Pb were also observed and the OR determined. The same OR was found in both the eutectic and precipitation reacted materials. While the precipitation of Sn in Pb was previously shown to occur by a discontinuous precipitation reaction,3 the present work confirms a recent finding that volume diffusion controlled precipitation can also occur.Samples that are representative of the solder's cast microstructure are difficult to prepare for TEM because the alloy is multiphase and the phases are soft.

Quantitative surface damage studies by H.R.E.M.

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 632-633
Author(s):  
S. R. Singh ◽  
H. J. Fan ◽  
L. D. Marks
Keyword(s):  
Solar Wind ◽  
Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Surface Science ◽  
Surface Damage ◽  
Space Environment ◽  
Oxygen Desorption ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diffusion Controlled ◽  
Original Observation ◽  
Substantial Interest

Since the original observation that the surfaces of materials undergo radiation damage in the electron microscope similar to that observed by more conventional surface science techniques there has been substantial interest in understanding these phenomena in more detail; for a review see. For instance, surface damage in a microscope mimics damage in the space environment due to the solar wind and electron beam lithographic operations.However, purely qualitative experiments that have been done in the past are inadequate. In addition, many experiments performed in conventional microscopes may be inaccurate. What is needed is careful quantitative analysis including comparisons of the behavior in UHV versus that in a conventional microscope. In this paper we will present results of quantitative analysis which clearly demonstrate that the phenomena of importance are diffusion controlled; more detailed presentations of the data have been published elsewhere.As an illustration of the results, Figure 1 shows a plot of the shrinkage of a single, roughly spherical particle of WO3 versus time (dose) driven by oxygen desorption from the surface.

Fluorescent proteins for in vivo imaging, where's the biliverdin?

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 2657-2667
Author(s):  
Felipe Montecinos-Franjola ◽  
John Y. Lin ◽  
Erik A. Rodriguez
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Fluorescent Imaging ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Red Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Color Palette

Noninvasive fluorescent imaging requires far-red and near-infrared fluorescent proteins for deeper imaging. Near-infrared light penetrates biological tissue with blood vessels due to low absorbance, scattering, and reflection of light and has a greater signal-to-noise due to less autofluorescence. Far-red and near-infrared fluorescent proteins absorb light >600 nm to expand the color palette for imaging multiple biosensors and noninvasive in vivo imaging. The ideal fluorescent proteins are bright, photobleach minimally, express well in the desired cells, do not oligomerize, and generate or incorporate exogenous fluorophores efficiently. Coral-derived red fluorescent proteins require oxygen for fluorophore formation and release two hydrogen peroxide molecules. New fluorescent proteins based on phytochrome and phycobiliproteins use biliverdin IXα as fluorophores, do not require oxygen for maturation to image anaerobic organisms and tumor core, and do not generate hydrogen peroxide. The small Ultra-Red Fluorescent Protein (smURFP) was evolved from a cyanobacterial phycobiliprotein to covalently attach biliverdin as an exogenous fluorophore. The small Ultra-Red Fluorescent Protein is biophysically as bright as the enhanced green fluorescent protein, is exceptionally photostable, used for biosensor development, and visible in living mice. Novel applications of smURFP include in vitro protein diagnostics with attomolar (10−18 M) sensitivity, encapsulation in viral particles, and fluorescent protein nanoparticles. However, the availability of biliverdin limits the fluorescence of biliverdin-attaching fluorescent proteins; hence, extra biliverdin is needed to enhance brightness. New methods for improved biliverdin bioavailability are necessary to develop improved bright far-red and near-infrared fluorescent proteins for noninvasive imaging in vivo.

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