Research Activities in Advanced Materials at National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China

The contribution collects and illustrates "creative" methodological and design paths in the sectors of mobility and transport where design, biology, material technologies and bioengineering cooperate in a synergistic and proactive way for configurating new systems for fixing vehicles’ interior components. The aim has been to reduce the tolerance of human error during assembly by using innovative technological and material solutions and the conscious study of biological and biomechanical processes present in nature. In order to articulate the research activities, parameters have been identified and defined according to the requirements of the workers during the preparation and fixing of the components, according to the principles of safety, good design and material optimization. From the identification and literature survey of the patent documents and from the structural, material, feasibility and reliability assessments of the current installation procedures, critical issues related to stress, safety, times of installation and assembly and disassembly of the components have been carried out. Therefore, innovative biomimetic concept-solutions have been developed for the definition of architectures and fixing systems through an in-depth observation of the biological heritage, based on the organic integration of form, function, and processes. The path allowed the acquisition of specific knowledge and interdisciplinary skills to plan tangible results useful for optimizing, innovating and strengthening the design process from various industrial sectors such as engineering, aerospace, automotive, medical and pharmaceutical packaging.

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Highlights of Research Activities in Advanced Materials at Tongji University

Advanced Materials ◽

10.1002/adma.201801516 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (17) ◽

pp. 1801516

Author(s):

Yunhui Huang

Keyword(s):

Advanced Materials ◽

Research Activities ◽

Tongji University

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Computer-aided methods for 3-D visualization of serial sections and thick biological specimens

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100129930 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1060-1061

Author(s):

Mark Ellisman ◽

Maryann Martone ◽

Gabriel Soto ◽

Eleizer Masliah ◽

David Hessler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alzheimer’S Disease ◽

Alzheimer's Disease ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Neuritic Plaque ◽

Dimensional Structure ◽

Data Sets ◽

Molecular Physiology ◽

Research Activities ◽

Computer Aided ◽

Dimensional Reconstruction

Structurally-oriented biologists examine cells, tissues, organelles and macromolecules in order to gain insight into cellular and molecular physiology by relating structure to function. The understanding of these structures can be greatly enhanced by the use of techniques for the visualization and quantitative analysis of three-dimensional structure. Three projects from current research activities will be presented in order to illustrate both the present capabilities of computer aided techniques as well as their limitations and future possibilities.The first project concerns the three-dimensional reconstruction of the neuritic plaques found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease. We have developed a software package “Synu” for investigation of 3D data sets which has been used in conjunction with laser confocal light microscopy to study the structure of the neuritic plaque. Tissue sections of autopsy samples from patients with Alzheimer's disease were double-labeled for tau, a cytoskeletal marker for abnormal neurites, and synaptophysin, a marker of presynaptic terminals.

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Biomimetic materials: An introduction

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100129735 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1020-1021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M. Sarikaya ◽

J. T. Staley ◽

I. A. Aksay

Keyword(s):

Self Assembly ◽

Structural Control ◽

Hierarchical Structures ◽

Ceramic Composites ◽

Advanced Materials ◽

Length Scale ◽

Spider Webs ◽

Biomimetic Materials ◽

Synthetic Materials ◽

All Ceramic

Biomimetics is an area of research in which the analysis of structures and functions of natural materials provide a source of inspiration for design and processing concepts for novel synthetic materials. Through biomimetics, it may be possible to establish structural control on a continuous length scale, resulting in superior structures able to withstand the requirements placed upon advanced materials. It is well recognized that biological systems efficiently produce complex and hierarchical structures on the molecular, micrometer, and macro scales with unique properties, and with greater structural control than is possible with synthetic materials. The dynamism of these systems allows the collection and transport of constituents; the nucleation, configuration, and growth of new structures by self-assembly; and the repair and replacement of old and damaged components. These materials include all-organic components such as spider webs and insect cuticles (Fig. 1); inorganic-organic composites, such as seashells (Fig. 2) and bones; all-ceramic composites, such as sea urchin teeth, spines, and other skeletal units (Fig. 3); and inorganic ultrafine magnetic and semiconducting particles produced by bacteria and algae, respectively (Fig. 4).

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Ethnogeriatrics: Development and Application of the Cohort Analysis Tool

Perspectives on Communication Disorders and Sciences in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Populations ◽

10.1044/cds21.2.37 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 37-52

Author(s):

Melen McBride

Keyword(s):

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Cohort Analysis ◽

Analysis Tool ◽

Speech Language Pathology ◽

Clinical Tool ◽

Research Activities ◽

Key Concepts ◽

Practice Teaching ◽

Language Pathology ◽

Significant Factors

Ethnogeriatrics is an evolving specialty in geriatric care that focuses on the health and aging issues in the context of culture for older adults from diverse ethnic backgrounds. This article is an introduction to ethnogeriatrics for healthcare professionals including speech-language pathologists (SLPs). This article focuses on significant factors that contributed to the development of ethnogeriatrics, definitions of some key concepts in ethnogeriatrics, introduces cohort analysis as a teaching and clinical tool, and presents applications for speech-language pathology with recommendations for use of cohort analysis in practice, teaching, and research activities.

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Items’ Cross-Category Associations as a Confounding Factor in the Implicit Association Test

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1026//0949-3946.48.2.123 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 123-134 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

Melanie C. Steffens ◽

Inga Plewe

Keyword(s):

Implicit Association Test ◽

Confounding Factor ◽

Reaction Times ◽

Association Test ◽

The Other ◽

Reaction Time Difference ◽

Implicit Association ◽

Male And Female ◽

Research Activities ◽

Degree Of Association

Abstract. The introduction of the Implicit Association Test (IAT; Greenwald, McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998 ) has stimulated numerous research activities. The IAT is supposed to measure the degree of association between concepts. Instances have to be assigned to these concepts by pressing appropriate keys as quickly as possible. The reaction time difference between certain conditions, termed the IAT effect, is used as an indicator of the degree of the concepts’ association. We tested the hypothesis that the degree of association between one concept (or category) and the instances of the other presented concept also influences reaction times. In our experiment, the instances in the target categories, male and female names, were kept constant. The adjectives in the evaluative categories were manipulated: Either the pleasant adjectives were female-associated and the unpleasant adjectives were male-associated, or vice versa. These stereotypic associations were indeed found to exert a substantial influence on the size of the IAT effect. This finding casts doubt on the assumption that the IAT effect may be interpreted as a pure measure of the degree of association between concepts.

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Health psychology and health promotion

Zeitschrift für Gesundheitspsychologie ◽

10.1026/0943-8149.16.3.123 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 123-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Toni Faltermaier

Keyword(s):

Health Psychology ◽

Health Promotion ◽

Health Resources ◽

Target Groups ◽

Occupational Groups ◽

Socially Disadvantaged ◽

Research Activities ◽

Health And Illness ◽

Prevention And Health Promotion ◽

Basic And Applied Research

Abstract. The Flensburg health psychology group takes a salutogenic perspective and aims at developing innovative health promotion approaches. It stands in the interdisciplinary context of health and educational sciences. Our focus in research is on both, stress processes and lay representations of health and illness in the context of salutogenic theories of health. Basic and applied research activities aim at developing subject-oriented approaches of prevention and health promotion that are designed to promote health resources and competencies in selected settings and target groups. Current research is concentrated on socially disadvantaged groups, on occupational groups and on men to develop tailored health promotion approaches that reach groups in need and which show sustainable effects.

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