Physical activity interventions and their effects on cognitive function in people with dementia: A systematic review

Background: Physical activity (PA) has emerged as an alternative nonpharmacological approach to effectively address the effects of dementia. The primary aim was to identify and summarize PA interventions and their effects on cognitive function among persons with dementia (PwD). Methods: A systematic review was conducted with a meta-analysis using different electronic databases, such as PubMed, Embase, APA PsycNET, and the Web of Science. The identified and selected studies were randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that were written in English, published between 2000 and 2020, and implemented among PwD who received a PA intervention and whose cognitive function was measured at baseline and during a follow-up. Results: Twenty-two PA intervention studies met the eligibility criteria and showed a medium-size effect on the cognitive function of PwD, 0.4803 (95% CI = 0.1901–0.7704), with a high percentage of heterogeneity (I2 = 86%, p ≤ 0.0001). Moreover, this review complements other reviews by including eight studies that have not previously been considered. Overall, studies have methodological limitations. However, six studies implemented in the past five years have shown more robust methodological designs, including larger sample sizes and more comprehensive measurement tools. Conclusion: It is not yet possible to draw a conclusion on the ideal PA intervention for this population due to the high proportion of heterogeneity within the included studies. More emphasis is needed on the intensity of PA monitoring and adherence to such programs.

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Facilitators and barriers to implement nurse-led physical activities for people with dementia in nursing homes: a protocol for a mixed-methods systematic review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-056353 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. e056353

Author(s):

Julian Hirt ◽

Janine Vetsch ◽

Steffen Heinrich

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Mixed Methods ◽

Nursing Homes ◽

Nursing Home Residents ◽

Physical Activities ◽

Physical Activity Interventions ◽

Sustainable Implementation ◽

People With Dementia ◽

Facilitators And Barriers

IntroductionDementia is a major neurocognitive disorder and accounts for a great proportion of nursing home residents. Bodily symptoms such as gait, balance difficulties and muscle weakness are common in people with dementia. Physical activities are important to maintain and promote physical functioning and activities of daily living.Nurses are a prone stakeholder to deliver physical activity interventions in nursing homes. However, several barriers have been reported for implementing nurse-led physical activity programmes. Also synthesised strategies for sustainable implementation in nursing homes are lacking. We, therefore, aim to synthesise the evidence on physical activity interventions which can be led by nurses and to identify facilitators and barriers of sustainable implementation of physical activity for people with dementia.Methods and analysisWe will conduct a mixed-methods systematic review to (1) describe the characteristics of nurse-led physical activities for people with dementia living in nursing homes and to (2) determine facilitators and barriers for sustainable implementation of nurse-led physical activities for people with dementia in nursing homes. We will search four different electronic databases, do forward and backward citation tracking and will web-search additionally. We will also search through guideline databases. Two reviewers will independently screen the identified studies for their eligibility. Data extraction and critical appraisal of included studies will be performed by one reviewer and double-checked by another reviewer. We will analyse the data using an integrative mixed-method synthesis and we will summarise the findings narratively.Ethics and disseminationNo ethics approval is needed to perform this systematic review. We will publish our review results as scientific and non-scientific journal articles and we will hold an oral or a poster conference presentation. The review results will inform the development of structured and easy to understand guidance for nurses to initiate tailored physical activities for people with dementia in nursing homes.

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Effectiveness of Web-based physical activity interventions for older adults: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN MOVEMENT SCIENCE ◽

10.23949/ijhms.2018.08.12.2.5 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 69-87

Author(s):

Jaehyun Kim ◽

Shang-Ti Chen ◽

Sun-Hwan Hwang

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Older Adults ◽

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Web Based ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Physical Activity Interventions

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A systematic review of adherence to physical activity interventions in individuals with type 2 diabetes

Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews ◽

10.1002/dmrr.3444 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher S. MacDonald ◽

Mathias Ried‐Larsen ◽

Jalal Soleimani ◽

Mouaz Alsawas ◽

Daniel E. Lieberman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Physical Activity Interventions

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School‐based physical activity interventions in rural and urban/suburban communities: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Obesity Reviews ◽

10.1111/obr.13265 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Christopher D. Pfledderer ◽

Ryan D. Burns ◽

Wonwoo Byun ◽

Russell L. Carson ◽

Gregory J. Welk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Suburban Communities ◽

Physical Activity Interventions ◽

School Based ◽

Rural And Urban

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Effect of workplace physical activity interventions on the cardio-metabolic health of working adults: systematic review and meta-analysis

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s12966-019-0896-0 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Rubina Mulchandani ◽

Ambalam M. Chandrasekaran ◽

Roopa Shivashankar ◽

Dimple Kondal ◽

Anurag Agrawal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Weight ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Workplace Interventions ◽

Working Adults ◽

Reduced Body ◽

Physical Activity Interventions

Abstract Background Adults in urban areas spend almost 77% of their waking time being inactive at workplaces, which leaves little time for physical activity. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to synthesize evidence for the effect of workplace physical activity interventions on the cardio-metabolic health markers (body weight, waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, lipids and blood glucose) among working adults. Methods All experimental studies up to March 2018, reporting cardio-metabolic worksite intervention outcomes among adult employees were identified from PUBMED, EMBASE, COCHRANE CENTRAL, CINAHL and PsycINFO. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool was used to assess bias in studies. All studies were assessed qualitatively and meta-analysis was done where possible. Forest plots were generated for pooled estimates of each study outcome. Results A total of 33 studies met the eligibility criteria and 24 were included in the meta-analysis. Multi-component workplace interventions significantly reduced body weight (16 studies; mean diff: − 2.61 kg, 95% CI: − 3.89 to − 1.33) BMI (19 studies, mean diff: − 0.42 kg/m2, 95% CI: − 0.69 to − 0.15) and waist circumference (13 studies; mean diff: − 1.92 cm, 95% CI: − 3.25 to − 0.60). Reduction in blood pressure, lipids and blood glucose was not statistically significant. Conclusions Workplace interventions significantly reduced body weight, BMI and waist circumference. Non-significant results for biochemical markers could be due to them being secondary outcomes in most studies. Intervention acceptability and adherence, follow-up duration and exploring non-RCT designs are factors that need attention in future research. Prospero registration number: CRD42018094436.

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