Does perceived cultural distance mediate the relationship between intergroup contact and support for refugee rights? A preliminary investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Firat ◽  
Bilge Ataca
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Perceived Cultural Distance ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Does Tourist–Host Social Contact Reduce Perceived Cultural Distance?

2017 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 998-1010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy X.F. Fan ◽  
Hanqin Qiu Zhang ◽  
Carson L. Jenkins ◽  
Pearl M.C. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Social Contact ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Service Oriented ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Perceived Cultural Distance ◽  
The Relationship

Tourist–host social contact significantly influences the perceptions of tourists and deserves more attention from scholars in the field of tourism research. However, studies on the relationship between these two constructs are limited. To address this research gap, the present study develops and validates instruments for measuring social contact and perceived cultural distance in the context of tourism, explores the effects of social contact on perceived cultural distance, and provides implications for tourism stakeholders, including governments, tourism operators, and local communities. A survey was conducted among Hong Kong tourists traveling to Mainland China. The study had two significant findings: (1) the quality of contact negatively influences tourists’ perceived cultural distance and (2) in terms of the quantity of contact, social-oriented contacts negatively influence perceived cultural distance, whereas service-oriented contacts positively affect perceived cultural distance. Implications were provided to contribute to theoretical and empirical realms, and to guide policy formulation.

scholarly journals Examining the role of attribution and intercultural competence in intercultural service encounters

2014 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackie Tam ◽  
Piyush Sharma ◽  
Namwoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Customer Satisfaction ◽  
Intercultural Competence ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Service Encounters ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Culture Distance ◽  
Perceived Cultural Distance ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose – This study aims to develop a model based on attribution theory and intercultural literature to explain the underlying customer satisfaction process in intercultural service encounters. Design/methodology/approach – In-depth interviews were used to develop an understanding of customer experience and evaluations in intercultural service encounters. A quasi-experiment with 236 customers was used to empirically examine the relationships between perceived culture distance, cultural attribution, intercultural competence and customer satisfaction. Findings – Perceived culture distance is positively related to customer satisfaction, with cultural attribution mediating the relationship between perceived cultural distance and customer satisfaction, and partially mediating the moderating effect of intercultural competence on the relationship between perceived culture distance and customer satisfaction. Research limitations/implications – This study focuses on cultural attribution in intercultural service encounters. It is acknowledged that there are other attribution dimensions such as stability and controllability which may interact with perceived culture distance and influence subsequent customer satisfaction evaluation. Future research should consider these various dimensions and examine their mediating role in customer satisfaction. Practical implications – It is recommended that service firms educate their customers of diverse cultures about local norms and practices, and proactively manage their expectations throughout the service experience. Originality/value – Despite the growing importance of intercultural service encounters, the findings of the relationship between perceived cultural distance and customer satisfaction are mixed. This study contributes to the literature by advancing our theoretical knowledge and empirical evidence of the role of cultural attribution and intercultural competence in intercultural service encounters.

scholarly journals A Longitudinal Study on International Students’ Stress, Problem Focused Coping and Cross-Cultural Adaptation in China 来华留学生跨文化压力应对和适应研究

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (S(1)) ◽  
pp. 73-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander English ◽  
Ruobing Chi
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
International Students ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Cultural Adaptation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Cultural Distance ◽  
Asian Students ◽  
Overseas Students ◽  
Perceived Cultural Distance ◽  
The Relationship

We conducted a longitudinal study to explore how the relationship between perceived cultural distance, stress- and problem-focused coping strategies may influence socio-cultural adaptation for international students in China. We collected longitudinal data on overseas students during the Fall semester of September 2013. Data were recollected 90 days later. The results show that: (1) perceived cultural distance did not predict the outcome of socio-cultural adaptation; (2) non-Asian students used more problem-focused coping strategies than Asian students; (3) interaction effect between stress, coping strategy and culture of origin is significant: for non-Asian students, problem-focused coping strategies alleviated the negative impact of stress on adaptation; and for Asian students, problem-focused coping strategies exacerbated the negative impact of stress on adaptation.有研究显示个体和集体主义文化背景下，人们应对跨文化适应压力的方式不同，但目前还缺乏在非西方背景下对相关结论的验证。因此，本研究以来华留学生为研究对象，采用纵向设计，探究了文化距离、压力和问题应对策略与社会文化适应之间的相关关系。研究对象为121名在华留学生（亚洲人=52人，非亚洲人=69人），数据收集间隔90天。研究发现：(1) 感知文化距离不能预测社会文化适应结果；(2) 非亚洲留学生相比亚洲留学生使用更多问题中心应对策略；(3) 压力X应对X种族的交互效应显著：对非亚洲群体，问题中心应对策略能够缓解压力对于适应的消极影响；而对亚洲群体而言，问题中心应对策略加剧了压力对于适应的消极影响。

Looking my (enemy?) in the eyes: An eye-tracking study of simulated virtual intergroup contact

2021 ◽  
pp. 175063522110134
Author(s):  
Nili Steinfeld ◽  
Ohad Shaked
Keyword(s):  
Eye Tracking ◽  
Intergroup Contact ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Participant Engagement ◽  
Shared Identity ◽  
Contact Effect ◽  
Access Information ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Practical Recommendations

This study addresses questions of access and agency as they come into play in intergroup contact. In such a context, access to information about the outgroup and conflict, as well as active agency in the form of engagement in intergroup discussions about the conflict, group identity, goals and compromises, are often a function of the intensity and effect of the contact. Although intergroup contact has been proven to be efficient in reducing stereotypes and advancing mutual understanding, these effects are inconsistent. The authors introduce eye tracking as a method for assessing participant engagement and attention as predictors of the contact effect on participants. They examine this approach through the use of simulated virtual contact, an innovative method which allows citizens direct access to information about and from the outgroup, and emphasizes participant agency by increasing participant control over the session. Israeli students participated in a simulated virtual contact with a Palestinian while their ocular behaviour was recorded. Anger and hatred toward Palestinians decreased after the session. Perception of Palestinian trustworthiness and ability to change increased. Desire to access information about Palestinians, changes in the belief of Palestinian ability to change, acknowledgment of a shared identity and support for compromises all correlated with visual attention to the speaker, leading to reflections on the relationship between attention and contact intensity and effect. Practical recommendations for promoting participant attention and possibly increasing contact effect are discussed, and the article concludes with a general theoretical discussion on the use of eye tracking for measuring contact intensity and designing better contact experiences.

scholarly journals Pain, Culture and Pedagogy: A Preliminary Investigation of Attitudes Towards “Reasonable” Pain Tolerance in the Grassroots Reproduction of a Culture of Risk

2021 ◽  
pp. 003329412098809
Author(s):  
Paul K. Miller ◽  
Sophie Van Der Zee ◽  
David Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Tertiary Education ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
Total N ◽  
Sporting Culture ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Relationship

In recent years a considerable body of psychological research has explored the relationship between membership of socio-cultural groups and personal pain perception. Rather less systematic attention has, however, been accorded to how such group membership(s) might influence individual attitudes towards the pain of others. In this paper, immersion in the culture of competitive sport, widely regarded as being exaggeratedly tolerant of risky behaviours around pain, is taken as a case-in-point with students of Physical Education (PE) in tertiary education as the key focus. PE students are highly-immersed in competitive sporting culture both academically and (typically) practically, and also represent a key nexus of cross-generational transmission regarding the norms of sport itself. Their attitudes towards the pain that others should reasonably tolerate during a range of activities, sporting and otherwise, were evaluated through a direct comparison with those of peers much less immersed in competitive sporting culture. In total, N=301 (144 PE, 157 non-PE) undergraduate students in the UK responded to a vignette-based survey. Therein, all participants were required to rate the pain (on a standard 0-10 scale) at which a standardised “other” should desist engagement with a set of five defined sporting and non-sporting tasks, each with weak and strong task severities. Results indicated that PE students were significantly more likely to expect others to persevere through higher levels of pain than their non-PE peers, but only during the sport-related tasks – an effect further magnified when task severity was high. In other tasks, there was no significant difference between groups, or valence of the effect was actually reversed. It is argued that the findings underscore some extant knowledge about the relationship between acculturated attitudes to pain, while also having practical implications for understanding sport-based pedagogy, and its potentially problematic role in the ongoing reproduction of a “culture of risk.”

scholarly journals Relationship of patient shame to working alliance and satisfaction: a preliminary investigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 251-263
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Carabellese ◽  
Michael J. Proeve ◽  
Rachel M. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Working Alliance ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
External Shame ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship of two distinct variants of dispositional shame (internal and external shame) with collaborative, purpose-driven aspects of the patient–provider relationship (working alliance) and patient satisfaction. The aim of this research was to conduct a preliminary investigation into the relevance of dispositional shame in a general healthcare population. Design/methodology/approach In total, 127 community members (mean age 25.9 years) who reported that they had regularly seen a GP over the past year were recruited at an Australian university. Participants were asked to reflect on their relationship with their GP, and completed instruments assessing various domains of shame, as well as working alliance and patient satisfaction. Findings Non-parametric correlations were examined to determine the direction and strength of relationships, as well as conducting mediation analyses where applicable. Small, negative correlations were evident between external shame and working alliance. Both external and internal shame measures were also negatively correlated with patient satisfaction. Finally, the relationship of external shame to patient satisfaction was partially mediated by working alliance. Practical implications Both the reported quality of patient–provider working alliance, and level of patient satisfaction are related to levels of dispositional shame in patients, and working alliance may act as a mediator for this relationship. Originality/value The findings from this preliminary study suggest that internal and external shame are important factors to consider in the provision of medical care to maximise the quality of patient experience and working alliance.

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