Investigating the Effect of Copper Initial Valence States on CO2 Electroreduction

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minfang Wu ◽  
Xiao Dong ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Aohui Chen ◽  
Chang Zhu ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
Chen Liqing ◽  
Liu Zuqin ◽  
Zhang Wei

Valence state analyses of Fe and Mn in oxides by EPMA have been reported in literature. In this paper, the effects of valence state on intensity ratios ILα/IKα and ILα/ILβ of Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Cr and their oxides, and on intensity ratios ILβ2/ILα1 and ILγ1/ILα1 of Mo, Nb, Zr and their oxides were studied. It was observed that intensity ratios change with valence states in accordance with some regularities, and these effects could be utilized for analyzing the valence states of catalysts.Valence state analysis of elements by EPMA is based on the fact that changes in the states of valence electrons in the outer shells of an atom cause corresponding changes in line intensities. The M electrons of Cu, Ni, Co, Fe, Mn, Cr and the N electrons of Mo, Nb, Zr are valence electrons. Line Kα1,2 and six lines of L are produced from the transitions of K-L2,3 and L-M or L-N respectively.


1996 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 1577-1602 ◽  
Author(s):  
THOMAS SORENSEN ◽  
WALTER ENGLAND
Keyword(s):  

1965 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 477-483
Author(s):  
Alwin B. Bogert

SummaryExperiments were conducted to determine why different lots of Borate Buffer reagent affect the clot lysis times obtained in the fibrinolytic assay of Streptokinase. Minerals naturally occurring in distilled water were screened individually to determine their influence on lysis. Copper was found to have a very pronounced effect in this regard on the fibrinolytic system in that low levels reduce the lysis time and high levels increase it.


Author(s):  
Rizwan Ahmad Khan ◽  

This paper investigates the fresh and durability properties of the high-performance concrete by replacing cement with 15% Silica fume and simultaneously replacing fine aggregates with 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% copper slag at w/b ratio of 0.23. Five mixes were analysed and compared with the standard concrete mix. Fresh properties show an increase in the slump with the increase in the quantity of copper slag to the mix. Sorptivity, chloride penetration, UPV and carbonation results were very encouraging at 50% copper slag replacement levels. Microstructure analysis of these mixes shows the emergence of C-S-H gel for nearly all mixes indicating densification of the interfacial transition zone of the concrete.


2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab El-Bouhy ◽  
Rasha Reda ◽  
Asmaa El-Azony

2019 ◽  
pp. 111-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. Sharin ◽  
M. P. Akimova ◽  
V. I. Popov

The paper studies structure and phase characteristics of the interphase zone diamond/matrix in dressers made by thermal diffusion metallization of a diamond combined with matrix sintering based on WC–Co and Cu impregnation. The compact arrangement of chromium powder particles around diamond grains and the shielding effect of copper foil create favorable conditions for thermal diffusion metallization of diamond at matrix sintering. A metallized coating chemically bonded with diamond and consisting of chromium carbide and solid solution of cobalt in chromium phases provides a strong diamond retention in the carbide matrix. It was shown that it is formed on the surface of the diamond under the conditions specified in the experiment and the temperature – time sintering mode. The specific productivity of experimental dresser made by hybrid technology at straightening green silicon carbide grinding wheel equaled 51.50 cm3/mg exceeding that of the control dresser made without metallization of diamonds by sintering with copper impregnation by 44.66%.


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