CYP2R1 (vitamin D 25-hydroxylase) gene is associated with susceptibility to type 1 diabetes and vitamin D levels in Germans

In this prospective controlled study, we examined 25 adults with adequately controlled (HbA1c level < 8.0%) type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and 49 conditionally healthy adults, intending to reveal the diversity of vitamin D metabolism in the setting of cholecalciferol intake at a therapeutic dose. All patients received a single dose (150,000 IU) of cholecalciferol aqueous solution orally. Laboratory assessments including serum vitamin D metabolites (25(OH)D3, 25(OH)D2, 1,25(OH)2D3, 3-epi-25(OH)D3 and 24,25(OH)2D3), free 25(OH)D, vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) as well as serum and urine biochemical parameters were performed before the intake and on Days 1, 3 and 7 after the administration. The studied groups had no significant differences in baseline parameters except that the patients with diabetes showed higher baseline levels of free 25(OH)D (p < 0.05). They also lacked a correlation between the measured and calculated free 25(OH)D in contrast to the patients from the control group (r = 0.41, p > 0.05 vs. r = 0.88, p < 0.05), possibly due to the glycosylation of binding proteins, which affects the affinity constant for 25(OH)D. The elevation of vitamin D levels after the administration of cholecalciferol was comparable in both groups, with slightly higher 25(OH)D3 levels observed in the diabetes group throughout the study since Day 1 (p < 0.05). Overall, our data indicate that in patients with adequately controlled T1DM 25(OH)D3 levels and the therapeutic response to cholecalciferol is similar to that in healthy individuals.

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Hubungan Paparan Sinar Matahari, Status Gizi, dan Asupan Makan terhadap Kadar Vitamin D Anak dan Remaja Penderita Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 1

Amerta Nutrition ◽

10.20473/amnt.v5i1.2021.41-51 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 41

Author(s):

Inggita Kusumastuty ◽

Dian Handayani ◽

Harjoedi Adji Tjahjono ◽

Elsa Permata Sari ◽

Silvy Kartika Rahayuningtyas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Food Intake ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Sunlight Exposure ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Background: Previous research state the correlation between vitamin D deficiency and Type 1 diabetes. The deficiency of Vitamin D is caused by vitamin D intake, sunlight exposure, or nutritional status. Indonesia, as a tropical country, is close to the equator and receives sunlight all year long. Little research has been done on vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes in Indonesia.Objective: The study aims to determine the relationship among sunlight exposure, nutritional status, food intake, and vitamin D levels in children and adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes.Methods: The study design was cross-sectional with a sample size of 31 children and adolescents aged 5-19 years. Sunlight exposure data were collected using the Sun Exposure Questionnaire form, nutritional status o BMI/age data were using the WHO Anthro, food intake data were using the Semi-Quantitative Food Frequency Questioner, and vitamin D level data were using the ELISA method. Statistical analysis was conducted by using SPSS Version 21 with Pearson and Spearman correlation test.Results: All respondents showed vitamin D deficiency. Most respondents had low sunlight exposure and nutritional status in the normoweight category. The majority of respondents had good energy and protein intake, excess fat, low carbohydrates, and low vitamin D and calcium.Conclusion:There is a positive relationship between sunlight exposure and vitamin D level (p = 0.001, r = 0.627). However, there is no relationship among nutritional status, protein intake, fat, carbohydrates, vitamin D and calcium on the level of vitamin D (p = 0.409; p = 0.240; p = 0.311; p = 0.822; p = 0.231; 0.382).

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Vitamin D levels are associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in Chinese children with type 1 diabetes

10.21203/rs.3.rs-405274/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jianbo Shu ◽

Xinhui Wang ◽

Mingying Zhang ◽

Xiufang Zhi ◽

Jun Guan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Nonlinear Relationship ◽

Low Density ◽

Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Abstract Objective There is an increased level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus(T1DM). In addition, the Vitamin D level in T1DM patients is usually below the normal reference range. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between Vitamin D levels and LDL-C in Chinese children with T1DM. Methods A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted in the Endocrine inpatient wards of Tianjin Children’s Hospital, 143 children with T1DM were included. The related clinical and laboratory examinations, including anthropometric parameters, lipid profiles, and Vitamin D levels, were collected in all subjects. Results The univariate analysis results did not show a significant correlation between Vitamin D levels and LDL-C (P=0.634). Furthermore, a nonlinear relationship was observed between Vitamin D levels and LDL-C by smooth curve fitting after adjusting for potential confounders. A multivariate piecewise linear regression model revealed a significant negative association between LDL-C and Vitamin D levels when LDL-C was greater than 3.1 mmol/L(β -2.9, 95% CI -5.4,-0.5; P=0.022). However, we did not observe a significant relationship between LDL-C and Vitamin D levels when LDL-C was lower than 3.1 mmol/L(β 2.4, 95% CI -0.2,5.1; P=0.076).Conclusions This study identified a nonlinear relationship between Vitamin D levels and LDL-C independent of other potential confounding factors, suggesting that the deficiency or insufficiency of Vitamin D in T1DM children with high LDL-C levels should be considered, especially LDL-C is higher than 3.1 mmol/L, which provides evidence of the timing about Vitamin D supplementation in T1DM children.

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Vitamin D and Albuminuria in Youth with and without Type 1 Diabetes

Hormone Research in Paediatrics ◽

10.1159/000475711 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 87 (6) ◽

pp. 385-395 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Debika Nandi-Munshi ◽

Maryam Afkarian ◽

Kathryn B. Whitlock ◽

Jamie L. Crandell ◽

Ronny A. Bell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Urine Albumin ◽

Health And Nutrition ◽

Vitamin D Levels

Background/Aims: In adults, lower vitamin D has been associated with increased albuminuria. This association has not been extensively studied in youth with or without type 1 diabetes. Methods: We examined the cross-sectional association between vitamin D and albuminuria (urine albumin to creatinine ratio ≥30 mg/g) in 8,789 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2001–2006 (NHANES), who were 6–19 years old. Further, we examined the association between vitamin D and albuminuria in 938 participants from the SEARCH Nutritional Ancillary Study (SNAS), a longitudinal cohort of youth with type 1 diabetes. Results: Of the NHANES participants, 5.3, 19.5, and 53.7% had vitamin D levels <30, 50 and 80 nmol/L, respectively. Albuminuria was present in 12.8% and was more common in younger children, females, non-Hispanic whites, non-obese children, and children with hypertension. After adjustments, there was no association between vitamin D and albuminuria. Among the SNAS participants with type 1 diabetes, we also found no association between baseline vitamin D and subsequent albuminuria in unadjusted or adjusted analyses. Conclusion: We did not find an association between serum vitamin D and albuminuria in either non-diabetic youth or those with type 1 diabetes. Further research is needed to more fully understand this relationship.

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A pilot interventional study to evaluate the impact of cholecalciferol treatment on HbA1c in type 1 diabetes (T1D)

Endocrine Connections ◽

10.1530/ec-17-0045 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 225-231 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

R Perchard ◽

L Magee ◽

A Whatmore ◽

F Ivison ◽

P Murray ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

South Asian ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Late Winter ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Before And After ◽

The Impact

Background Higher 25(OH)D3 levels are associated with lower HbA1c, but there are limited UK interventional trials assessing the effect of cholecalciferol on HbA1c. Aims (1) To assess the baseline 25(OH)D3 status in a Manchester cohort of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). (2) To determine the effect of cholecalciferol administration on HbA1c. Methods Children with T1D attending routine clinic appointments over three months in late winter/early spring had blood samples taken with consent. Participants with a 25(OH)D3 level <50 nmol/L were treated with a one-off cholecalciferol dose of 100,000 (2–10 years) or 160,000 (>10 years) units. HbA1c levels before and after treatment were recorded. Results Vitamin D levels were obtained from 51 children. 35 were Caucasian, 11 South Asian and 5 from other ethnic groups. 42 were vitamin D deficient, but 2 were excluded from the analysis. All South Asian children were vitamin D deficient, with mean 25(OH)D3 of 28 nmol/L. In Caucasians, there was a negative relationship between baseline 25(OH)D3 level and HbA1c (r = −0.484, P < 0.01). In treated participants, there was no significant difference in mean HbA1c at 3 months (t = 1.010, P = 0.328) or at 1 year (t = −1.173, P = 0.248) before and after treatment. One-way ANCOVA, controlling for age, gender, ethnicity, BMI and diabetes duration showed no difference in Δ HbA1c level. Conclusion We report important findings at baseline, but in children treated with a stat dose of cholecalciferol, there was no effect on HbA1c. Further studies with larger sample sizes and using maintenance therapy are required.

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Vitamin D Pathway Genetic Variation and Type 1 Diabetes: A Case–Control Association Study

Genes ◽

10.3390/genes11080897 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 897

Author(s):

Joana T. Almeida ◽

Dircea Rodrigues ◽

Joana Guimarães ◽

Manuel C. Lemos

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Serum Vitamin ◽

Cumulative Effect ◽

P Value ◽

Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽

Serum Vitamin D ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Minor Alleles

Vitamin D has immunomodulatory effects, and its deficiency has been implicated in the autoimmune process of type 1 diabetes. Serum vitamin D levels are influenced by variants in genes involved in the synthesis, transport, hydroxylation and degradation of vitamin D. The aim of this study was to assess if single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the DHCR7 (rs12785878), GC (rs2282679), CYP2R1 (rs2060793) and CYP24A1 (rs6013897) loci are associated with type 1 diabetes in the Portuguese population. Genotype and allele frequencies were determined in 350 cases of type 1 diabetes and in 490 controls. The frequency of each SNP alone was not significantly different between patients and controls. However, the combined analysis of the four SNPs showed that minor alleles of these variants clustered more frequently in patients. The proportion of individuals with three or more minor alleles was significantly higher in patients than in controls (56.3% vs. 48.5; odds ratio (OR) 1.37; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.04–1.81; p-value 0.027). These results suggest a cumulative effect of SNPs at the DHCR7, GC, CYP2R1 and CYP24A1 loci on the susceptibility to type 1 diabetes, due to the roles of these genes in the vitamin D metabolic pathway.

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Vitamin D levels during and after resolution of ketoacidosis in children with new onset Type 1 diabetes

Diabetic Medicine ◽

10.1111/dme.12200 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 30 (7) ◽

pp. 829-834 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Devidayal ◽

M. K. Singh ◽

N. Sachdeva ◽

S. Singhi ◽

S. V. Attri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Onset Type ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

New Onset

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Vitamin D Levels, Microvascular Complications, and Mortality in Type 1 Diabetes

Diabetes Care ◽

10.2337/dc10-2459 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 1081-1085 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

C. Joergensen ◽

P. Hovind ◽

A. Schmedes ◽

H.-H. Parving ◽

P. Rossing

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Microvascular Complications ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Complications And Mortality

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Vitamin D Deficiency Is Not Associated with Changes in Retinal Geometric Parameters in Young People with Type 1 Diabetes

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2013/280691 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Myra Poon ◽

Maria E. Craig ◽

Harleen Kaur ◽

Janine Cusumano ◽

Muhammad Bayu Sasongko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Type 1 Diabetes ◽

Fractal Dimension ◽

Young People ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Diameter Ratio ◽

Geometric Parameters ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

Branching Angle

Changes in retinal geometric parameters predict risk and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR). We have shown that vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is associated with DR. We hypothesized that VDD mediates changes in retinal geometric parameters. Retinal vascular geometric parameters were assessed using a semiautomated computer program in photographs from young people with type 1 diabetes (T1D)(n=481)and summarized as central retinal arteriolar and venular equivalents (CRAE, CRVE), fractal dimension, length-diameter ratio, branching angle and curvature tortuosity. Parameters were compared between those with and without DR and VDD (25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration ≤ 50 nmol/L). Retinal vascular geometric parameters were also compared across quartiles of vitamin D levels. Median CRVE was higher in patients with DR compared with those without (median (IQR) CRVE 247.3 μm (31.3) versus 238.8 μm (23.5),P=0.01). Fractal dimension was marginally greater in patients without VDD (1.49 (0.06) versus 1.47 (0.07)P=0.03). There was no difference in CRAE, CRVE, length-diameter ratio, branching angle, and curvature tortuosity between those with and without VDD and across quartiles of 25OHD. In conclusion, DR is associated with higher CRVE in young people with T1D; however, VDD is not associated with changes in retinal vascular geometric measures, suggesting an earlier role in the time course of DR pathogenesis.

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