scholarly journals Gregariousness does not vary with geography, developmental stage, or group relatedness in feeding redheaded pine sawfly larvae

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 3689-3702 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Terbot ◽  
Ryan L. Gaynor ◽  
Catherine R. Linnen
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stage ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly

scholarly journals Ecological conditions alter cooperative behaviour and its costs in a chemically defended sawfly

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1884) ◽  
pp. 20180466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carita Lindstedt ◽  
Antti Miettinen ◽  
Dalial Freitak ◽  
Tarmo Ketola ◽  
Andres López-Sepulcre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Defence ◽  
Evolution Of Cooperation ◽  
Cooperative Behaviour ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Ecological Conditions ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Individual Survival ◽  
Abiotic Interactions ◽  
Number Of Individuals ◽  
Attack Intensity

The evolution of cooperation and social behaviour is often studied in isolation from the ecology of organisms. Yet, the selective environment under which individuals evolve is much more complex in nature, consisting of ecological and abiotic interactions in addition to social ones. Here, we measured the life-history costs of cooperative chemical defence in a gregarious social herbivore, Diprion pini pine sawfly larvae, and how these costs vary under different ecological conditions. We ran a rearing experiment where we manipulated diet (resin content) and attack intensity by repeatedly harassing larvae to produce a chemical defence. We show that forcing individuals to allocate more to cooperative defence (high attack intensity) incurred a clear cost by decreasing individual survival and potency of chemical defence. Cooperative behaviour and the magnitude of its costs were further shaped by host plant quality. The number of individuals participating in group defence, immune responses and female growth decreased on a high resin diet under high attack intensity. We also found some benefits of cheating: non-defending males had higher growth rates across treatments. Taken together, these results suggest that ecological interactions can shape the adaptive value of cooperative behaviour and maintain variation in the frequency of cooperation and cheating.

OBSERVATIONS ON THE HABITS OF AN INTRODUCED PINE SAWFLY DIPRION SIMILE HTG

1935 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 137-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. U. Monro
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Pine Trees

On August 22, 1933, while the members of the Montreal staff were inspecting a nursery in Montreal, P. Q., a small number of sawfly larvae was observed feeding on the mugho pine trees. These were submitted to Ottawa and were identified as the larvae of Diprion simile Htg. This was the second record of the appearance of this species in Canada; the first being a record from Oakville, Ont., in 1931. This insect had previously been studied in the Northeastern United States by Britton and Zappe (1917) and Middleton (1923).

scholarly journals Genetic basis of body color and spotting pattern in redheaded pine sawfly larvae (Neodiprion lecontei)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine R. Linnen ◽  
Claire T. O’Quin ◽  
Taylor Shackleford ◽  
Connor R. Sears ◽  
Carita Lindstedt
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Color Variation ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Neodiprion Lecontei ◽  
Yellow Body ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Trait Locus

ABSTRACTPigmentation has emerged as a premier model for understanding the genetic basis of phenotypic evolution, and a growing catalog of color loci is starting to reveal biases in the mutations, genes, and genetic architectures underlying color variation in the wild. However, existing studies have sampled a limited subset of taxa, color traits, and developmental stages. To expand our sample of color loci, we performed quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping analyses on two types of larval pigmentation traits that vary among populations of the redheaded pine sawfly (Neodiprion lecontei): carotenoid-based yellow body color and melanin-based spotting pattern. For both traits, our QTL models explained a substantial proportion of phenotypic variation and suggested a genetic architecture that is neither monogenic nor highly polygenic. Additionally, we used our linkage map to anchor the current N. lecontei genome assembly. With these data, we identified promising candidate genes underlying: (1) a loss of yellow pigmentation in Mid-Atlantic/northeastern populations (Cameo2 and apoLTP-II/I), and (2) a pronounced reduction in black spotting in Great-Lakes populations (yellow, TH, Dat). Several of these genes also contribute to color variation in other wild and domesticated taxa. Overall, our findings are consistent with the hypothesis that predictable genes of large-effect contribute to color evolution in nature.

scholarly journals Genetic Basis of Body Color and Spotting Pattern in Redheaded Pine Sawfly Larvae (Neodiprion lecontei)

Genetics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine R. Linnen ◽  
Claire T. O’Quin ◽  
Taylor Shackleford ◽  
Connor R. Sears ◽  
Carita Lindstedt
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Body Color ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Neodiprion Lecontei

Pine Sawfly Larvae, Neodiprion excitans, Survive Subfreezing Temperatures in Florida

1964 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-413
Author(s):  
Carl W. Fatzinger
Keyword(s):  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly

Needle Removal by Pine Sawfly Larvae Increases Branch-Level VOC Emissions and Reduces Below-Ground Emissions of Scots Pine

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 4325-4332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajendra P. Ghimire ◽  
Juha M. Markkanen ◽  
Minna Kivimäenpää ◽  
Päivi Lyytikäinen-Saarenmaa ◽  
Jarmo K. Holopainen
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Voc Emissions ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Below Ground

Contribution of feeding by European pine sawfly larvae to litter production and element flux in Scots pine plantations

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. H. Fogal ◽  
F. Slansky Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Litter Production ◽  
Litter Fall ◽  
Branch Number ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Element Input ◽  
Tree Component ◽  
European Pine Sawfly

The contribution of larvae of the European pine sawfly, Neodiprionsertifer (Geoff.), to litter fall and element input was determined in two contiguous 25-year-old plantations of Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.) near Glencairn, Ont., in 1972. Tree spacings were 1.2 × 1.2 and 1.8 × 1.8 m. Tree diameters, numbers of needle-bearing branches per tree, and the number of larval colonies per tree were greater in the less dense plantation. On the other hand, there was no difference between plantations with respect to tree height, number of needles per branch, number of larvae per colony, or percent defoliation. For the denser and less dense plantations, frass was the largest insect-derived component of litter fall at 804 and 1255 kg ha−1, respectively; needles constituted the major tree component of litter fall at 1107 and 929 kg ha−1, respectively, and the total combined contribution of tree and insect material to litter fall was 2395 and 2744 kg ha−1, respectively. Average element input (kilograms per hectare) to the soil via frass for the two plantations was greatest for nitrogen (6.9), followed by potassium (5.0), calcium (4.1), phosphorus (0.8), and magnesium (0.6).

scholarly journals Pine Sawflies, Neodiprion spp. (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Diprionidae)

EDIS ◽  
1969 ◽  
Vol 2005 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wayne N. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Extension Service ◽  
Extension Service ◽  
University Of Florida ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Pine Sawflies ◽  
Pine Trees ◽  
Growth Loss ◽  
Pinus Spp ◽  
Wood Boring

Pine sawfly larvae, Neodiprion spp., are the most common defoliating insects of pine trees, Pinus spp., in Florida. Sawfly infestations can cause growth loss and mortality, especially when followed by secondary attack by bark and wood-boring beetles (Coleoptera: Buprestidae, Cerambycidae, Scolytidae,). Trees of all ages are susceptible to sawfly defoliation (Barnard and Dixon 1983, Coppel and Benjamin 1965). This document is EENY-317 (originally published as DPI Entomology Circular No. 258), one of a series of Featured Creatures from the Entomology and Nematology Department, Florida Cooperative Extension Service, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida. Published: January 2004.  EENY317/IN592: Pine Sawflies, Neodiprion spp. (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Diprionidae) (ufl.edu)

scholarly journals The dynamics of the spread of pine sawfly in the forests of the Bryansk region

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-65
Author(s):  
Кистерный ◽  
Grigoriy Kisternyy ◽  
Шепель ◽  
Igor Shepel
Keyword(s):  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Pine Plantations ◽  
Fodder Trees ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Pest Outbreaks ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
European Pine Sawfly

On the basis of forest pathology survey of pine plantations of the Bryansk region for the period of 2011-2014, the nature of the centers of the European pine sawfly is studied and the reasons for their change are established. Works are made in the definition of the number of larvae per one tree in the growth phase of the outbreak, cocoons, male adults, and the sanitary conditions of pine forests on 5 plots in pest outbreaks are evaluated. The area of distribution of foci ranged from 896.6 to 8176.8 ha depending on the year of survey and prevailed in maturing pine plantations. There was a wide range of defoliation of trees - from mild to complete. Average condition category of plots in pine plantations, partially restored after damage was 1.84-2.42. The average number of sawfly larvae per tree has reached an average of 308 pieces. Previously unknown method for selecting the place of their cocoon - a thicker crust of fodder trees is discovered. Relatively low density of sawfly cocoons in the forest litter - 1-17 pcs/m2 is set. At the regional level for the first time, to assess the intensity of the flight of the European pine sawfly and prognosis of foci used pheromone traps were used. The number of males caught in traps varied over wide limits. Mixed results when comparing the two observation periods in 2013 and 2014 are got and the dependence of flight on the weather conditions at that time is shown. Broad ecological plasticity of this species in its ability to form foci in various conditions is confirmed.

scholarly journals The impact of life stage and pigment source on the evolution of novel warning signal traits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carita Lindstedt ◽  
Robin Bagley ◽  
Sara Calhim ◽  
Mackenzie Jones ◽  
Catherine Linnen
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Warning Signal ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Sawfly Larvae ◽  
Pine Sawfly ◽  
Novel Alleles ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACTOur understanding of how novel color traits evolve in aposematic taxa is based largely on studies of reproductive stages and organisms with endogenously produced pigmentation. In these systems, genetic drift is often required for novel alleles to overcome strong purifying selection stemming from frequency-dependent predation and positive assortative mating. Here we show that the importance of these mechanisms can differ if selective processes are considered in larval stage instead. By integrating population genomic data, predation experiments and phenotypic measurements of larvae and their host plants, we show that novel white alleles in Neodiprion lecontei (pine sawfly) larvae spread via selection rather than drift. The cost of being rare was not offset by an enhanced aposematic display or immune function. Instead, bottom-up selection via host plants may drive divergence among populations as white larvae were disproportionately abundant on a pine species with a reduced carotenoid content relative to other pine hosts.

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