scholarly journals Ecomorphological relationships and invasion history of non‐native terrestrial bird species on O‘ahu, Hawai‘i, suggest ecological fitting during novel community assembly

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 12157-12169
Author(s):  
Jason M. Gleditsch ◽  
Jinelle H. Sperry
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Ecological Fitting ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Evidence for multiple introductions of an invasive wild bee species currently under rapid range expansion in Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Lanner ◽  
Fabian Gstöttenmayer ◽  
Manuel Curto ◽  
Benoît Geslin ◽  
Katharina Huchler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
European Continent ◽  
Multiple Introductions ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Invasion Stage ◽  
Middle Europe ◽  
History Of ◽  
Genetic Clusters ◽  
Colonization Dynamics

Abstract Background Invasive species are increasingly driving biodiversity decline, and knowledge of colonization dynamics, including both drivers and dispersal modes, are important to prevent future invasions. The bee species Megachile sculpturalis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae), native to East-Asia, was first recognized in Southeast-France in 2008, and has since spread throughout much of Europe. The spread is very fast, and colonization may result from multiple fronts. Result To track the history of this invasion, codominant markers were genotyped using Illumina sequencing and the invasion history and degree of connectivity between populations across the European invasion axis were investigated. Distinctive genetic clusters were detected with east–west differentiations in Middle-Europe. Conclusion We hypothesize that the observed cluster formation resulted from multiple, independent introductions of the species to the European continent. This study draws a first picture of an early invasion stage of this wild bee and forms a foundation for further investigations, including studies of the species in their native Asian range and in the invaded range in North America.

Replacement of estuarine communities by an exotic shrub: distribution and invasion history of Baccharis halimifolia in Europe

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 1183-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Caño ◽  
J. A. Campos ◽  
D. García-Magro ◽  
M. Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Invasion History ◽  
Baccharis Halimifolia ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Invasion history of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Ecuador

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego F. Cisneros-Heredia ◽  
Emilia Peñaherrera-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Museum Specimens ◽  
Agricultural Pest ◽  
Harlequin Ladybird ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Harmonia Axyridis Pallas

AbstractHarmonia axyridis is a ladybird extensively used around the world for biological control of agricultural pest. However, it has become invasive in several countries, producing negative ecological and socio-economic impacts. Herein, we review the invasion history of the Harlequin Ladybird Harmonia axyridis (Pallas, 1773) in Ecuador. Although first reported in Ecuador in 2012, museum specimens date back to 2004 and it is currently established across the country, especially along the Andean region. Due to its invasive nature, further studies are urgently needed to evaluate possible impacts of H. axyridis on the Ecuadorian biodiversity and agroindustry.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of the early invasion history of the quagga mussel (Dreissena rostriformis bugensis) in Western Europe

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Heiler ◽  
Abraham bij de Vaate ◽  
Klemens Ekschmitt ◽  
Parm von Oheimb ◽  
Christian Albrecht ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Quagga Mussel ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Dreissena Rostriformis Bugensis ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Inferring Invasion History of Red Swamp Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) in China from Mitochondrial Control Region and Nuclear Intron Sequences

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 14623-14639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhe Li ◽  
Xianwu Guo ◽  
Liping Chen ◽  
Xiaohui Bai ◽  
Xinlan Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Control Region ◽  
Procambarus Clarkii ◽  
Mitochondrial Control Region ◽  
Invasion History ◽  
Nuclear Intron ◽  
Red Swamp Crayfish ◽  
History Of

Taxonomy, natural history, and conservation of the Great-billed Seed-Finch Sporophila maximiliani (Cabanis, 1851) (Thraupidae, Sporophilinae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4442 (4) ◽  
pp. 551 ◽  
Author(s):  
FLÁVIO KULAIF UBAID ◽  
LUÍS FABIO SILVEIRA ◽  
CESAR A. B. MEDOLAGO ◽  
THIAGO V. V. COSTA ◽  
MERCIVAL ROBERTO FRANCISCO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural History ◽  
South America ◽  
Captive Breeding ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphometric Characters ◽  
History Of

Seed-finches are small-sized Neotropical granivorous birds characterized by extremely strong and thick beaks. Among these birds, the Great-billed Seed-Finch Sporophila maximiliani has been selectively and intensively trapped to the extent that has become one of the most endangered bird species in South America, yet its taxonomy remains complex and controversial. Two subspecies have been recognized: S. m. maximiliani (Cabanis, 1851), mainly from the Cerrado of central South America, and S. m. parkesi Olson (= Oryzoborus m. magnirostris), from northeastern South America. Originally, S. m. parkesi was diagnosed as being larger than the Large-billed Seed-Finch, S. c. crassirostris (Gmelin, 1789), but proper comparisons with S. m. maximiliani, which is larger than S. c. crassirostris, were never performed. Here we provide a review of the taxonomic and nomenclatural history of S. maximiliani, reevaluate the validity and taxonomic status of the subspecies based on morphological characters, and significantly revise its geographic distribution. Analyses based on plumage patterns and a Principal Component Analysis of morphometric characters indicated that S. m. parkesi is most appropriately treated as a synonym of the nominate taxon, which results in a monotypic S. maximiliani comprising two disjunct populations. Further, we conducted systematic searches for S. maximiliani in Brazil, in an attempt to obtain natural history information. After more than 6,000 hours of fieldwork in 45 areas of potential and historical occurrence, S. maximiliani was located only in two sites, in marshy environments called veredas, confirming the critical conservation status of this species, at least in Brazil. We discuss the conservation potential for, and the problems involved with, captive breeding of S. maximiliani for reintroduction into the wild. 

An Entangled Bank

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc W. Cadotte ◽  
T. Jonathan Davies
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary Theory ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Neutral Theory ◽  
Species Distributions ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Carl Linnaeus ◽  
History Of ◽  
Neutral Theory Of Biodiversity ◽  
Diversity Of Life

This chapter reviews the history of the use of phylogenetics in ecology, beginning with a discussion of early attempts to classify the diversity of life and the development of evolutionary theory. In particular, it examines how early taxonomists, starting with Carl Linnaeus, have grouped species by similarity in their traits and how early ecologists and biologists such as Charles Darwin recognized the importance of relatedness in influencing ecological interactions and species distributions. The chapter proceeds by focusing on the introduction of the neutral theory of biodiversity into mainstream ecology and the development of the niche-based model of community assembly. It also considers how some ecologists questioned the relevance of phylogenetic corrections for ecology and concludes by analyzing the emergence of ecological phylogenetics or ecophylogenetics.

The emergence of tolerance of human disturbance in Neotropical birds

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Tryjanowski ◽  
Jakub Z. Kosicki ◽  
Martin Hromada ◽  
Peter Mikula
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Human Disturbance ◽  
Escape Response ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Behavioural Plasticity ◽  
Mato Grosso ◽  
Animal Populations ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rapid Emergence

AbstractAnimals living close to human settlements more often experience disturbance, but also reduced predation risk. Because an escape response is costly, behavioural adjustments of animals in terms of increased tolerance of humans occurs and is often reported in the literature. However, most such studies have been conducted in and around long-existing cities in Europe and North America, on well-established animal populations. Here, we investigate the degree of tolerance of human disturbance across 132 bird species occurring in disturbed (small farms) and undisturbed (intact wetlands and grasslands) areas in Pantanal, Mato Grosso (Brazil), a region with only a very recent history of human-induced disturbance. We found a clear across-species trend toward higher tolerance of human disturbance in birds near farms when compared with birds in wild areas. Such a flexible and perhaps also rapid emergence of tolerance when facing small-scale and very recent human disturbance presumably involves learning and might be attributed to behavioural plasticity. The ability of birds to modify their degree of tolerance of human disturbance may play a key role in the facilitation of wildlife–human coexistence.

scholarly journals Defaunation precipitates the extinction of evolutionarily distinct interactions in the Anthropocene

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. eaav6699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine Emer ◽  
Mauro Galetti ◽  
Marco A. Pizo ◽  
Pedro Jordano ◽  
Miguel Verdú
Keyword(s):  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Ecological Interactions ◽  
Rescue Effect ◽  
History Of ◽  
Local Extinctions ◽  
Functional Features ◽  
Avian Seed Dispersal

Species on Earth are interconnected with each other through ecological interactions. Defaunation can erode those connections, yet we lack evolutionary predictions about the consequences of losing interactions in human-modified ecosystems. We quantified the fate of the evolutionary history of avian–seed dispersal interactions across tropical forest fragments by combining the evolutionary distinctness of the pairwise-partner species, a proxy to their unique functional features. Both large-seeded plant and large-bodied bird species showed the highest evolutionary distinctness. We estimate a loss of 3.5 to 4.7 × 104 million years of cumulative evolutionary history of interactions due to defaunation. Bird-driven local extinctions mainly erode the most evolutionarily distinct interactions. However, the persistence of less evolutionarily distinct bird species in defaunated areas exerts a phylogenetic rescue effect through seed dispersal of evolutionarily distinct plant species.

scholarly journals Introducing the Bird Chromosome Database: An Overview of Cytogenetic Studies in Birds

2020 ◽  
Vol 160 (4) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago M. Degrandi ◽  
Suziane A. Barcellos ◽  
Alice L. Costa ◽  
Analía D.V. Garnero ◽  
Iris Hass ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chromosome Numbers ◽  
Chromosome Painting ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
Cytogenetic Studies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Intrachromosomal Rearrangements ◽  
Painting Probes ◽  
Whole Chromosome Painting

Bird chromosomes, which have been investigated scientifically for more than a century, present a number of unique features. In general, bird karyotypes have a high diploid number (2n) of typically around 80 chromosomes that are divided into macro- and microchromosomes. In recent decades, FISH studies using whole chromosome painting probes have shown that the macrochromosomes evolved through both inter- and intrachromosomal rearrangements. However, chromosome painting data are available for only a few bird species, which hinders a more systematic approach to the understanding of the evolutionary history of the enigmatic bird karyotype. Thus, we decided to create an innovative database through compilation of the cytogenetic data available for birds, including chromosome numbers and the results of chromosome painting with chicken (Gallus gallus) probes. The data were obtained through an extensive literature review, which focused on cytogenetic studies published up to 2019. In the first version of the “Bird Chromosome Database (BCD)” (https://sites.unipampa.edu.br/birdchromosomedatabase) we have compiled data on the chromosome numbers of 1,067 bird species and chromosome painting data on 96 species. We found considerable variation in the diploid numbers, which ranged from 40 to 142, although most (around 50%) of the species studied up to now have between 78 and 82 chromosomes. Despite its importance for cytogenetic research, chromosome painting has been applied to less than 1% of all bird species. The BCD will enable researchers to identify the main knowledge gaps in bird cytogenetics, including the most under-sampled groups, and make inferences on chromosomal homologies in phylogenetic studies.

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