scholarly journals The effect of plant size and branch traits on rainfall interception of 10 temperate tree species

Ecohydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Pflug ◽  
Bernard R. Voortman ◽  
Johannes H. C. Cornelissen ◽  
Jan‐Philip M. Witte
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Rainfall Interception

Simultaneous effects of reintroduction strategy and seed size on the initial development of two tropical tree species in an abandoned eucalyptus plantation

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Julie Christine Scaloppi ◽  
Andréa Lúcia Teixeira de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Seed Size ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Plant Performance ◽  
Initial Development ◽  
Eucalyptus Plantation ◽  
Hymenaea Courbaril ◽  
Stem Size ◽  
Direct Sowing

Seedling planting is the most common strategy used to reintroduce tropical native tree species; however, direct sowing has simplicity and operational ease advantages. Functional traits such as seed size and growth rates have been shown to be relevant for better plant performance. We evaluated the effects of intraspecific variation in seed size and the reintroduction strategy simultaneously on the development of Hymenaea courbaril (L.) and Enterolobium timbouva (Mart.) introduced in an abandoned eucalyptus plantation over 462 days. Plants from small, medium and large seeds were reintroduced by planting seedlings and direct seeding. Both species achieved high rates of emergence and survival was high in the two reintroduction strategies. Seed size was not related to emergence and mean time to emergence for either species. The survival of both species was higher than 74% in the field, and seed size had little effect on survival rates. In general, H. courbaril plants introduced by direct sowing had higher growth, and seed size correlated positively with stem size. In contrast, the growth of E. timbouva plants introduced by seedling planting was higher than in plants introduced by direct sowing regardless of seed size. The light requirements of this species seem higher than for H. courbaril. Our results suggest the feasibility of reintroducing species by direct sowing in eucalyptus understory, but since plant growth varies between species, there may be a balance between the advantage of the initial plant size provided by planting seedlings and the advantage of a better root development provided by direct sowing.

Dependence of rainfall interception on drop size: 2. Experimental determination of the wetting functions and two-layer stochastic model parameters for five tropical tree species

1996 ◽  
Vol 185 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 379-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian R. Calder ◽  
Robin L. Hall ◽  
Paul T.W. Rosier ◽  
Heidi G. Bastable ◽  
K.T. Prasanna
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Model ◽  
Experimental Determination ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Drop Size ◽  
Tropical Tree ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Rainfall Interception ◽  
Tropical Tree Species

Rainfall interception capacity of tree species used in urban afforestation

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Layne Alves ◽  
Klebber Teodomiro Martins Formiga ◽  
Marco Antônio Borges Traldi
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Rainfall Interception

scholarly journals Spatial Modeling of Maximum Capacity Values of Irrecoverable Rainfall Retention by Forests in a Small Watershed

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 641
Author(s):  
Dmitry E. Klimenko ◽  
Ekaterina S. Cherepanova ◽  
Alena A. Khomyleva
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Rainfall Interception ◽  
Maximum Rainfall ◽  
Unit Leaf ◽  
Droplet Form ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
Leaf Surface Area

When performing hydrologic calculations, the actual amount of rain precipitation falling under the tree canopies of the taiga zone is one of the most important factors in forming and estimating rainfall runoff. This is due to the fact that only a portion of rainfall reaching the soil through the forest canopy takes part in forming river runoff. At present, there is no unanimity on methods of estimating rainfall retention by the canopies of different tree species in various natural geographical zones. The existing estimation methods rely on empirical observations of net and gross rainfall rather than on the results of physical modeling of moisture on leaf surfaces in droplet form. The disadvantages of the existing methods mean that it is not possible to make a spatial estimation of rainfall captured by canopies. The purpose of this study was to map the maximum rainfall interception capacity for a small forest watershed. The authors were able to solve the following problems: (1) In situ modeling of specific water retention in droplet form on leaf surfaces of tree species of the experimental watershed in the middle taiga subzone was carried out and the specific water retention per unit leaf area was determined. Such experiments have never been conducted previously. (2) Indirect methods of estimating the leaf surface area of tree plants depending on the amount of phytomass, age and height of tree stands were developed. (3) Mapping of tree stand characteristics (such as species composition, height, canopy cover) were performed, and together with the specific rainfall interception capacity, which was determined during experiments, provided the basis for a map of maximum rainfall retention capacity by canopies, i.e., a spatial image of irrecoverable rainfall losses was obtained. Rainfall is retained on a canopy in droplet form (droplet size varies from 10.6 to 18.6 mg). Specific water retention (mass per unit leaf surface area) is determined by the leaf (needle) roughness. The overall droplet retention on canopies is determined by leaf surface area and precipitation intensity. The maximum mass of the rainfall retained on the canopies of individual deciduous trees reaches 77 kg, (3.0–4.0 mm per canopy projection area) and that of coniferous trees ranges from 24.8 to 58.0 kg (1.9 to 5.9 mm). Understanding rainfall loss values in hydrology is of key importance in distributed models of rainfall flooding. Taking into account rainfall losses due to canopy interception makes it possible to reduce the margin of error in calculations of maximum rainfall flood loss from 126% to 25%.

Acclimation of respiration to temperature and CO 2 in seedlings of boreal tree species in relation to plant size and relative growth rate

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
MarK. G. Tjoelker ◽  
Jacek Oleksyn ◽  
Peter B. Reich
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Relative Growth Rate ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Relative Growth

The effects of plant size and light availability on male and female reproductive success and functional gender in a hermaphrodite tree species, Magnolia stellata

Botany ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 593-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzuki Setsuko ◽  
Nobuhiro Tomaru
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Light Availability ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Photon Flux Density ◽  
Female Reproductive Success ◽  
Chloroplast Microsatellite ◽  
Male And Female

Plant size and light availability may affect male and (or) female reproductive success and their relative contribution (functional gender). To test this hypothesis, we identified parents of 184 seedlings in a local population within a metapopulation of a hermaphroditic, insect-pollinated tree species, Magnolia stellata (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim., using 14 nuclear and 3 chloroplast microsatellite markers. Parent pairs of all the seedlings were determined, and both seed and pollen parents could be distinguished for 49.5% of the seedlings. We also measured the parents’ plant size (diameter at breast height of the thickest ramet within each genet; DBHt) and the relative photosynthetic photon flux density (rPPFD) they received. The proportion of seedlings that originated from selfing was 20.7%. The number of seedlings parental trees produced as seed parents (S) was positively affected by DBHt and rPPFD. DBHt (but not rPPFD) also positively affected the number of seedlings sired as pollen parents (P). The femaleness of the parental trees (S/(S + P)) was positively affected by DBHt, probably because DBHt had a stronger effect on the trees’ reproductive success as seed parents than on their success as pollen parents. These results suggest that plant size affects not only reproductive success (male and female), but also functional gender.

scholarly journals Influence of light and plant size on the reproduction and growth of small palm tree species: Comparing two methods for measuring canopy openness

2016 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 1678-1686 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. S. N. Amadeu ◽  
M. B. Sampaio ◽  
F. A. M. dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Canopy Openness ◽  
Palm Tree

Plant size, flowering synchrony and edge effects: What, how and where they affect the reproductive success of a Neotropical tree species

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakeline Prata de Assis Pires ◽  
Ary Gomes da Silva ◽  
Leandro Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Edge Effects ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Plant Size ◽  
Flowering Synchrony ◽  
Neotropical Tree

Purification of plasma membranes from leaves of conifer and deciduous tree species by phase partitioning and free-flow electrophoresis

1995 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Toll ◽  
Federico J. Castillo ◽  
Pierre Crespi ◽  
Michele Crevecoeur ◽  
Hubert Greppin
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Plasma Membranes ◽  
Free Flow ◽  
Deciduous Tree ◽  
Phase Partitioning
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