scholarly journals Disentangling the contributions of dispersal limitation, ecological drift, and ecological filtering to wild bee community assembly

Ecosphere ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e01650 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus A. K. Sydenham ◽  
Stein R. Moe ◽  
Michael Kuhlmann ◽  
Simon G. Potts ◽  
Stuart P. M. Roberts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Ecological Filtering ◽  
Bee Community ◽  
Ecological Drift

Patterns and drivers of wild bee community assembly in a Mediterranean IUCN important plant area

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 695-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Achik Dorchin ◽  
Amots Dafni ◽  
Ido Izhaki ◽  
Yuval Sapir ◽  
Nicolas J. Vereecken
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Plant Area ◽  
Bee Community

scholarly journals Assembly processes of gastropod community change with horizontal and vertical zonation in ancient Lake Ohrid: a metacommunity speciation perspective

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2901-2911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torsten Hauffe ◽  
Christian Albrecht ◽  
Thomas Wilke
Keyword(s):  
Community Composition ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Species Interaction ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Lake Depth ◽  
Ancient Lake ◽  
Lake Ohrid ◽  
Speciation Model

Abstract. The Balkan Lake Ohrid is the oldest and most diverse freshwater lacustrine system in Europe. However, it remains unclear whether species community composition, as well as the diversification of its endemic taxa, is mainly driven by dispersal limitation, environmental filtering, or species interaction. This calls for a holistic perspective involving both evolutionary processes and ecological dynamics, as provided by the unifying framework of the “metacommunity speciation model”.The current study used the species-rich model taxon Gastropoda to assess how extant communities in Lake Ohrid are structured by performing process-based metacommunity analyses. Specifically, the study aimed (1) to identifying the relative importance of the three community assembly processes and (2) to test whether the importance of these individual processes changes gradually with lake depth or discontinuously with eco-zone shifts.Based on automated eco-zone detection and process-specific simulation steps, we demonstrated that dispersal limitation had the strongest influence on gastropod community composition. However, it was not the exclusive assembly process, but acted together with the other two processes – environmental filtering and species interaction. The relative importance of the community assembly processes varied both with lake depth and eco-zones, though the processes were better predicted by the latter.This suggests that environmental characteristics have a pronounced effect on shaping gastropod communities via assembly processes. Moreover, the study corroborated the high importance of dispersal limitation for both maintaining species richness in Lake Ohrid (through its impact on community composition) and generating endemic biodiversity (via its influence on diversification processes). However, according to the metacommunity speciation model, the inferred importance of environmental filtering and biotic interaction also suggests a small but significant influence of ecological speciation. These findings contribute to the main goal of the Scientific Collaboration on Past Speciation Conditions in Lake Ohrid (SCOPSCO) deep drilling initiative – inferring the drivers of biotic evolution – and might provide an integrative perspective on biological and limnological dynamics in ancient Lake Ohrid.

Changes in the Summer Wild Bee Community Following a Bark Beetle Outbreak in a Douglas-fir Forest

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 1437-1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel G Foote ◽  
Nathaniel E Foote ◽  
Justin B Runyon ◽  
Darrell W Ross ◽  
Christopher J Fettig
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
Tree Mortality ◽  
Canopy Cover ◽  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Bee Community ◽  
Bee Communities ◽  
Bee Abundance

Abstract The status of wild bees has received increased interest following recent estimates of large-scale declines in their abundances across the United States. However, basic information is limited regarding the factors affecting wild bee communities in temperate coniferous forest ecosystems. To assess the early responses of bees to bark beetle disturbance, we sampled the bee community of a Douglas-fir, Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.), forest in western Idaho, United States during a Douglas-fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae Hopkins (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), outbreak beginning in summer 2016. We resampled the area in summer 2018 following reductions in forest canopy cover resulting from mortality of dominant and codominant Douglas-fir. Overall, results from rarefaction analyses indicated significant increases in bee diversity (Shannon’s H) in 2018 compared to 2016. Results from ANOVA also showed significant increases in bee abundance and diversity in 2018 compared to 2016. Poisson regression analyses revealed percent tree mortality from Douglas-fir beetle was positively correlated with increases in total bee abundance and species richness, where community response variables displayed a cubic trend with percent tree mortality. Percent reduction in canopy cover from 2016 to 2018 was also correlated with bee species richness and diversity. These findings suggest that wild bee communities may benefit from changes in forest structure following bark beetle outbreaks.

Wild bee community change over a 26-year chronosequence of restored tallgrass prairie

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 650-660 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean R. Griffin ◽  
Bethanne Bruninga-Socolar ◽  
Morgan A. Kerr ◽  
Jason Gibbs ◽  
Rachael Winfree
Keyword(s):  
Tallgrass Prairie ◽  
Community Change ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Bee Community

scholarly journals Dispersal dynamics and local filtering vary with climate across a grassland landscape

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Guittar ◽  
Deborah Goldberg ◽  
Kari Klanderud ◽  
Astrid Berge ◽  
Marta Ramírez Boixaderas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Empirical Evaluation ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Adult Plant ◽  
Vegetation Patterns ◽  
Transient Species ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Community Membership ◽  
Different Climates ◽  
Local Filtering

ABSTRACTDispersal dynamics and local filtering interactively generate regional vegetation patterns, but empirical evidence of their combined influence in nature is scarce, representing a missing link between our theoretical understanding of community assembly and real-world observation. Here, we compare seed and adult plant communities at twelve grassland sites with different climates in southern Norway to explore the degree to which community membership is shaped by dispersal limitation and local niche-based filtering, and how this varies with climate. To do this, we first divide species at each site into two groups: “locally-transient” species, which occur as seeds but are rare or absent as adults (i.e., they arrive but are filtered out), or “locally-persistent” species, which occur consistently as adults in annual vegetation surveys. We then ask questions to reveal where, when, why, and how locally-transient species are systematically disfavored during community assembly. Our results led to four main conclusions: (1) the strength of local filtering on community membership increased with temperature, (2) surprisingly, local filtering was stronger during seedling emergence than during seedling establishment, (3) climate-based niche differences drove differential performance among species, especially for seeds dispersing outside of their realized climate niches into more stressful (colder and drier) climates, and (4) locally-transient species had traits that may made them better dispersers (smaller seeds) but poorer competitors for light (shorter statures, less persistent clonal connections) than locally-persistent species, providing a potential explanation for why they arrived to new sites but failed to establish persistent adult populations. Our study is one of the first to combine seed, seedling, and adult survey data across multiple sites with different climates to provide a rigorous empirical evaluation of the combined influence of dispersal limitation and local filtering on the generation and maintenance of climate-associated vegetation patterns.

scholarly journals Ecosystem size-induced environmental fluctuations affect the temporal dynamics of community assembly mechanisms

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raven L Bier ◽  
Máté Vass ◽  
Anna J Székely ◽  
Silke Langenheder
Keyword(s):  
Community Assembly ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Environmental Fluctuation ◽  
Species Sorting ◽  
Ecosystem Size ◽  
Environmental Fluctuations ◽  
Over Time

Understanding processes that determine community membership and abundance is important for many fields from theoretical community ecology to conservation. However, spatial community studies are often conducted only at a single timepoint despite the known influence of temporal variability on community assembly processes. Here we used a spatiotemporal study to determine how environmental fluctuation differences induced by mesocosm volumes (larger volumes were more stable) influence assembly processes of aquatic bacterial metacommunities along a press disturbance gradient. By combining path analysis and network approaches, we found mesocosm size categories had distinct relative influences of assembly process and environmental factors that determined spatiotemporal bacterial community composition, including dispersal and species sorting by conductivity. These processes depended on, but were not affected proportionately by, mesocosm size. Low fluctuation, large mesocosms primarily developed through the interplay of species sorting that became more important over time and transient priority effects as evidenced by more time-delayed associations. High fluctuation, small mesocosms had regular disruptions to species sorting and greater importance of ecological drift and dispersal limitation indicated by lower richness and higher taxa replacement. Together, these results emphasize that environmental fluctuations influence ecosystems over time and its impacts are modified by biotic properties intrinsic to ecosystem size.

scholarly journals Dispersal Limitation Expands the Diversity of Coral Microbiome Metacommunity in the South China Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiandong Zhang ◽  
Anyi Hu ◽  
Yingting Sun ◽  
Qingsong Yang ◽  
Junde Dong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
The South China Sea ◽  
The South ◽  
Ecological Processes ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
China Sea ◽  
Coral Microbiome

The coral microbiome is one of the most complex microbial biospheres. However, the ecological processes shaping coral microbiome community assembly are not well understood. Here, we investigated the abundance, diversity, and community assembly mechanisms of coral-associated microbes from a highly diverse coral metacommunity in the South China Sea. Compared to seawater, the coral microbial metacommunity were defined by highly variable bacterial abundances among individual coral samples, high species evenness but not high species richness, high β-diversity, and a small core microbiome. We used variation partitioning analysis, neutral community model, and null model to disentangle the influences of different ecological processes in coral microbiome assembly. Measured physico-chemical parameters of the surrounding seawater and the spatial factor together explained very little of the variation in coral microbiome composition. Neutral processes only explained a minor component of the variation of coral microbial communities, suggesting a non-stochastic community assembly. Homogeneous and heterogeneous selection, but not dispersal, contributed greatly to the assembly of the coral microbiome. Such selection could be attributed to the within-host environments rather than the local environments. Our results demonstrated that dispersal limitation and host filtering contribute significantly to the assembly of discrete coral microbial regimes and expand the metacommunity diversity.

scholarly journals Taxonomic and functional trait diversity of wild bees in different urban settings

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3051 ◽  
Author(s):  
Étienne Normandin ◽  
Nicolas J. Vereecken ◽  
Christopher M. Buddle ◽  
Valérie Fournier
Keyword(s):  
Community Gardens ◽  
Functional Trait ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Wild Bees ◽  
Structure And Dynamics ◽  
Wild Bee ◽  
Trait Diversity ◽  
Bee Community ◽  
Bee Communities ◽  
Functional Trait Diversity

Urbanization is one of the major anthropogenic processes contributing to local habitat loss and extirpation of numerous species, including wild bees, the most widespread pollinators. Little is known about the mechanisms through which urbanization impacts wild bee communities, or the types of urban green spaces that best promote their conservation in cities. The main objective of this study was to describe and compare wild bee community diversity, structure, and dynamics in two Canadian cities, Montreal and Quebec City. A second objective was to compare functional trait diversity among three habitat types (cemeteries, community gardens and urban parks) within each city. Bees were collected using pan traps and netting on the same 46 sites, multiple times, over the active season in 2012 and 2013. A total of 32,237 specimens were identified, representing 200 species and 6 families, including two new continental records,Hylaeus communisNylander (1852) andAnthidium florentinum(Fabricius, 1775). Despite high community evenness, we found significant abundance of diverse species, including exotic ones. Spatio-temporal analysis showed higher stability in the most urbanized city (Montreal) but low nestedness of species assemblages among the three urban habitats in both cities. Our study demonstrates that cities are home to diverse communities of wild bees, but in turn affect bee community structure and dynamics. We also found that community gardens harbour high levels of functional trait diversity. Urban agriculture therefore contributes substantially to the provision of functionally diverse bee communities and possibly to urban pollination services.

scholarly journals Vertical stratification of microbial communities in woody plants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bahram ◽  
Kati Kings ◽  
Mari Pent ◽  
Sergei Polme ◽  
Daniyal Gohar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Community Assembly ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Environmental Filtering ◽  
Dispersal Limitation ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Fungal Communities ◽  
Spatial Distance ◽  
Related Factors

Bacterial and fungal endophytes form diverse communities and contribute to the performance and health of their host plants. Recent evidence suggests that both host related factors and environmental conditions determine the community structure of plant endophytes. Yet, we know little about their distribution patterns, and underlying community assembly mechanisms across plant compartments. Here we analysed the structure of bacterial and fungal communities associated with tree compartments as well as their underlying soils across 12 tree individuals in boreal forests. We found that the structure of bacterial and fungal communities depends more strongly on the vertical location of tree compartments rather than the locality, species, and individuals of host trees. Microbial communities showed much stronger host specificity in aboveground than belowground compartments. While having lower compartment community variability compared to fungi, bacterial communities were markedly more distinct between below- and aboveground components but not between hosts, reflecting the greater importance of environmental filtering rather than dispersal limitation and host identity in their community assembly. Our data suggest that spatial distance from soil as a major microbiome source contributes to the formation of microbiomes in plants, and that bacterial and fungal communities may follow contrasting assembly processes.

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