Chia (Salvia hispanicaL.) flour promotes beneficial effects on adipose tissue but not on glycaemic profile of diet-induced obesity in mice

AbstractAdipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) are a promising option for the treatment of obesity and its metabolic co-morbidities. Despite the recent identification of brown adipose tissue (BAT) as a potential target in the management of obesity, the use of ASCs isolated from BAT as a therapy for patients with obesity has not yet been explored. Metabolic activation of BAT has been shown to have not only thermogenic effects, but it also triggers the secretion of factors that confer protection against obesity. Herein, we isolated and characterized ASCs from the visceral adipose tissue surrounding a pheochromocytoma (IB-hASCs), a model of inducible BAT in humans. We then compared the anti-obesity properties of IB-hASCs and human ASCs isolated from visceral white adipose tissue (W-hASCs) in a murine model of diet-induced obesity. We found that both ASC therapies mitigated the metabolic abnormalities of obesity to a similar extent, including reducing weight gain and improving glucose tolerance. However, infusion of IB-hASCs was superior to W-hASCs in suppressing lipogenic and inflammatory markers, as well as preserving insulin secretion. Our findings provide evidence for the metabolic benefits of visceral ASC infusion and support further studies on IB-hASCs as a therapeutic option for obesity-related comorbidities.

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Beneficial effects of an orallyactive carbon monoxide-releasing molecule (CORM-401) on high fat diet-induced obesity in mice

Archives of Cardiovascular Diseases Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1878-6480(17)30462-7 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 187

Author(s):

L. Braud ◽

M. Pini ◽

J.L. Wilson ◽

G. Czibik ◽

D. Sawaki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Monoxide ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

High Fat ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Obesity In Mice

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Angiotensin 1–7 stimulates brown adipose tissue and reduces diet-induced obesity

AJP Endocrinology and Metabolism ◽

10.1152/ajpendo.00192.2017 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 314 (2) ◽

pp. E131-E138 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Hidechika Morimoto ◽

Jun Mori ◽

Hisakazu Nakajima ◽

Yasuhiro Kawabe ◽

Yusuke Tsuma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Brown Adipose Tissue ◽

Renin Angiotensin System ◽

Hormone Sensitive Lipase ◽

Brown Adipocyte ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

Subcutaneous White Adipose Tissue ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Brown Adipose

The renin-angiotensin system is a key regulator of metabolism with beneficial effects of the angiotensin 1–7 (Ang 1–7) peptide. We hypothesized that the antiobesity effect of Ang 1–7 was related to the stimulation of brown adipose tissue (BAT). We administered Ang 1–7 (0.54 mg kg−1 day−1) for 28 days via implanted micro-osmotic pumps to mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Ang 1–7 treatment reduced body weight, upregulated thermogenesis, and ameliorated impaired glucose homeostasis without affecting food consumption. Furthermore, Ang 1–7 treatment enlarged BAT and the increased expression of UCP1, PRDM16, and prohibitin. Alterations in PRDM16 expression correlated with increased AMPK and phosphorylation of mTOR. Ang 1–7 treatment elevated thermogenesis in subcutaneous white adipose tissue without altering UCP1 expression. These changes occurred in the context of decreased lipid accumulation in BAT from HFD-fed mice, preserved insulin signaling concomitant with phosphorylation of hormone-sensitive lipase and decreased expression of perilipin. These data suggest that Ang 1–7 induces brown adipocyte differentiation leading to upregulation of thermogenesis and improved metabolic profile in diet-induced obesity. Enhancing Ang 1–7 action represents a promising therapy to increase BAT and to reduce the metabolic complications associated with diet-induced obesity.

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L-Theanine Activates the Browning of White Adipose Tissue through the AMPK/α-Ketoglutarate/Prdm16 Axis and Ameliorates Diet-induced Obesity in Mice

10.2337/figshare.14414216 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Wan-Qiu Peng ◽

Gang Xiao ◽

Bai-Yu Li ◽

Ying-Ying Guo ◽

Liang Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

Intraperitoneal Administration ◽

Dna Demethylation ◽

Active Dna Demethylation ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Elevated Expression ◽

Obesity In Mice

L-Theanine is a nonprotein amino acid with much beneficial efficacy. We found that intraperitoneal treatment of the mice with L-Theanine(100mg/kg/day) enhanced adaptive thermogenesis and induced the browning of inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) with elevated expression of Prdm16, Ucp1 and other thermogenic genes. Meanwhile, administration of the mice with L-Theanine increased energy expenditure. In vitro studies indicated that L-Theanine induced the development of brown-like features in adipocytes. The shRNA-mediated depletion of Prdm16 blunted the role of L-Theanine in promoting the brown-like phenotypes in adipocytes and in the iWAT of mice. L-Theanine treatment enhanced AMPKα phosphorylation both in adipocytes and in iWAT. Knockdown of AMPKα ablolished L-Theanine-induced upregulation of Prdm16 and adipocytes browning. L-Theanine increased the α-ketoglutarate (α-KG) level in adipocytes, which may increase the transcription of Prdm16 by inducing active DNA demethylation on its promoter. AMPK activation was required for L-Theanine-induced increase of α-KG and DNA demethylation on Prdm16 promoter. Moreover, intraperitoneal administration with L-Theanine ameliorated obesity, improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity, and reduced plasma triglyceride, total cholesterol and free fatty acid in the high fat diet-fed mice. Our results suggest a potential role of L-Theanine in combating diet-induced obesity in mice, which may involve L-Theanine-induced browning of white adipose tissue.

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Sex differences during the course of diet-induced obesity in mice: adipose tissue expandability and glycemic control

International Journal of Obesity ◽

10.1038/ijo.2011.87 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 36 (2) ◽

pp. 262-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 78

Author(s):

D Medrikova ◽

Z M Jilkova ◽

K Bardova ◽

P Janovska ◽

M Rossmeisl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sex Differences ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Obesity In Mice ◽

Adipose Tissue Expandability

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L-Theanine Activates the Browning of White Adipose Tissue through the AMPK/α-Ketoglutarate/Prdm16 Axis and Ameliorates Diet-induced Obesity in Mice

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db20-1210 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. db201210

Author(s):

Wan-Qiu Peng ◽

Gang Xiao ◽

Bai-Yu Li ◽

Ying-Ying Guo ◽

Liang Guo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Obesity In Mice

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Genetic Deficiency of TRAF5 Promotes Adipose Tissue Inflammation and Aggravates Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice

Arteriosclerosis Thrombosis and Vascular Biology ◽

10.1161/atvbaha.121.316677 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mark Colin Gissler ◽

Nathaly Anto-Michel ◽

Jan Pennig ◽

Philipp Scherrer ◽

Xiaowei Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽

Obese Patients ◽

Adipose Tissue Inflammation ◽

Metabolic Complications ◽

Tissue Inflammation ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Genetic Deficiency ◽

Obesity In Mice ◽

Visceral Adipose

Objective: The accumulation of inflammatory leukocytes is a prerequisite of adipose tissue inflammation during cardiometabolic disease. We previously reported that a genetic deficiency of the intracellular signaling adaptor TRAF5 (TNF [tumor necrosis factor] receptor–associated factor 5) accelerates atherosclerosis in mice by increasing inflammatory cell recruitment. Here, we tested the hypothesis that an impairment of TRAF5 signaling modulates adipose tissue inflammation and its metabolic complications in a model of diet-induced obesity in mice. Approach and Results: To induce diet-induced obesity and adipose tissue inflammation, wild-type or Traf5 −/− mice consumed a high-fat diet for 18 weeks. Traf5 −/− mice showed an increased weight gain, impaired insulin tolerance, and increased fasting blood glucose. Weight of livers and peripheral fat pads was increased in Traf5 −/− mice, whereas lean tissue weight and growth were not affected. Flow cytometry of the stromal vascular fraction of visceral adipose tissue from Traf5 −/− mice revealed an increase in cytotoxic T cells, CD11c + macrophages, and increased gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. At the level of cell types, expression of TNFα, MIP (macrophage inflammatory protein)-1α, MCP (monocyte chemoattractant protein)-1, and RANTES (regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) was significantly upregulated in Traf5 -deficient adipocytes but not in Traf5 -deficient leukocytes from visceral adipose tissue. Finally, Traf5 expression was lower in adipocytes from obese patients and mice and recovered in adipose tissue of obese patients one year after bariatric surgery. Conclusions: We show that a genetic deficiency of TRAF5 in mice diet-induced obesity and its metabolic derangements by a proinflammatory response in adipocytes. Our data indicate that TRAF5 may promote anti-inflammatory and obesity-preventing signaling events in adipose tissue.

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The Resin fromProtium heptaphyllumPrevents High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in Mice: Scientific Evidence and Potential Mechanisms

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2015/106157 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Karine Maria Martins Bezerra Carvalho ◽

José Delano Barreto Marinho Filho ◽

Tiago Sousa de Melo ◽

Ana Jérsia Araújo ◽

Josiane da Silva Quetz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Fat Diet ◽

Scientific Evidence ◽

Net Energy ◽

High Fat ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Proinflammatory Mediators ◽

Glucose And Lipid Metabolism ◽

Diet Induced Obesity ◽

Obesity In Mice

Herbal compounds rich in triterpenes are well known to regulate glucose and lipid metabolism and to have beneficial effects on metabolic disorders. The present study investigated the antiobesity properties of resin fromProtium heptaphyllum(RPH) and the possible mechanisms in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 15 weeks. Mice treated with RPH showed decreases in body weight, net energy intake, abdominal fat accumulation, plasma glucose, amylase, lipase, triglycerides, and total cholesterol relative to their respective controls, which were RPH unfed. Additionally, RPH treatment, while significantly elevating the plasma level of ghrelin hormone, decreased the levels of insulin, leptin, and resistin. Besides, HFD-induced increases in plasma levels of proinflammatory mediators TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP-1 were significantly lowered by RPH. Furthermore,in vitrostudies revealed that RPH could significantly inhibit the lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes (measured by Oil-Red O staining) at concentrations up to 50 μg/mL. These findings suggest that the antiobese potential of RPH is largely due to its modulatory effects on various hormonal and enzymatic secretions related to fat and carbohydrate metabolism and to the regulation of obesity-associated inflammation.

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