The evaluation of the overexpression of the ERG‐11 , MDR‐1 , CDR‐1 , and CDR‐2 genes in fluconazole‐resistant Candida albicans isolated from Ahvazian cancer patients with oral candidiasis

ER-30346 is a novel oral triazole with a broad spectrum of potent activity against a wide range of fungi. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of oral ER-30346 on experimental local infections caused by Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans, and Cryptococcus neoformans and compared them with those of itraconazole and fluconazole. In experimental murine models of pulmonary aspergillosis, candidiasis, and cryptococcosis, ER-30346 reduced the numbers of CFU in the lungs significantly compared with the numbers of CFU in the lungs of the controls (P < 0.05). ER-30346 was as effective as or more effective than itraconazole against pulmonary aspergillosis. Against pulmonary candidiasis and cryptococcosis, ER-30346 was more effective than itraconazole and was as effective as fluconazole. ER-30346 was also effective against pulmonary candidiasis caused by fluconazole-resistant C. albicans. In mice with intracranial cryptococcosis, ER-30346 reduced the numbers of CFU in the brains significantly compared with the numbers of CFU in the brains of the controls (P < 0.05) and was more effective than itraconazole and as effective as fluconazole. In an experimental model of oral candidiasis in rats, ER-30346 reduced the numbers of CFU in oral swabs significantly compared with the numbers of CFU in oral swabs from the controls (P < 0.05) and was more effective than itraconazole and as effective as fluconazole. Thus, ER-30346 shows efficacy in murine aspergillosis, candidiasis, and cryptococcosis models. Further studies are needed to determine the potential of ER-30346 for use in the treatment of these infections.

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Efek Proteksi Ekstrak Etanol Stichopus hermanii Terhadap Jumlah Limfosit pada Tikus yang Terpapar Asap Rokok dan Diinduksi Candida albicans

DENTA ◽

10.30649/denta.v9i2.12 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 146

Author(s):

Auliasari Yunanda ◽

Syamsulina Revianti ◽

Isidora Karsini

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Oral Candidiasis ◽

Control Group ◽

Post Test

Latar Belakang: Merokok berhubungan dengan jamur rongga mulut yang dapat mengakibatkan oral candidiasis. Stichopus hermanii mengandung efek antioksidan, antifungi dan immunostimulator. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi efek proteksi ekstrak Stichopus hermanii terhadap jumlah limfosit pada tikus Wistar yang terpapar asap rokok dan diinduksi C.albicans. Bahan dan Metode: Rancangan penelitian ini adalah post test-only control group design. 42 ekor tikus Wistar jantan, dibagi menjadi 7 kelompok, Kelompok1 (saline 0,1mL, udara segar, CMC-Na 0,2%), Kelompok2 (saline 0,1mL, asap rokok, CMC-Na 0,2%), Kelompok3 (C.albicans 0,1mL, udara segar, CMC-Na 0,2%), Kelompok4 (C.albicans 0,1mL, asap rokok, CMC-Na 0,2%), Kelompok5 (saline 0,1mL, asap rokok, ekstrak Stichopus hermanii 0,02mg/kgBB), Kelompok6 (C.albicans 0,1mL, udara segar, ekstrak Stichopus hermanii 0,02mg/kgBB), Kelompok7 (C.albicans 0,1 mL, asap rokok, ekstrak Stichopus hermanii 0,02mg/kgBB). Tikus Wistar diinduksi C.albicans 1 minggu, terpapar asap rokok 8 minggu, dan diberi ekstrak Stichopus hermanii 8 minggu. Selanjutnya, tikus Wistar dikorbankan setelah 2 bulan perlakuan. Jumlah limfosit dihitung melalui metode hapusan darah dengan different counting dibawah mikroskop cahaya dengan pembesaran 1000x. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji Kruskal-Wallis dan Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Kelompok yang terpapar asap rokok dan diinduksi C.albicans memiliki dapat menurunkan jumlah limfosit, kelompok suplementasi menggunakan ekstrak ethanol Stichopus hermanii dapat meningkatkan jumlah limfosit. Simpulan: Suplementasi ekstrak Stichopus hermanii memiliki efek protektif untuk memicu proliferasi limfosit pada tikus Wistar setelah paparan asap rokok dan induksi C.albicans.

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Novel Aggregation Properties of Candida albicans Secreted Aspartyl Proteinase Sap6 Mediate Virulence in Oral Candidiasis

Infection and Immunity ◽

10.1128/iai.00282-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 83 (7) ◽

pp. 2614-2626 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Rohitashw Kumar ◽

Darpan Saraswat ◽

Swetha Tati ◽

Mira Edgerton

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Epithelial Cells ◽

Oral Candidiasis ◽

Oral Microbiome ◽

Proteinase Activity ◽

Adhesion Properties ◽

Content Type ◽

Oral Epithelial Cells ◽

Oral Epithelial ◽

Cell Cell

Candida albicans, a commensal fungus of the oral microbiome, causes oral candidiasis in humans with localized or systemic immune deficiencies. Secreted aspartic proteinases (Saps) are a family of 10 related proteases and are virulence factors due to their proteolytic activity, as well as their roles in adherence and colonization of host tissues. We found that mice infected sublingually withC. albicanscells overexpressing Sap6 (SAP6OE and a Δsap8strain) had thicker fungal plaques and more severe oral infection, while infection with the Δsap6strain was attenuated. These hypervirulent strains had highly aggregative colony structurein vitroand higher secreted proteinase activity; however, the levels of proteinase activity ofC. albicansSaps did not uniformly match their abilities to damage cultured oral epithelial cells (SCC-15 cells). Hyphal induction in cells overexpressing Sap6 (SAP6OE and Δsap8cells) resulted in formation of large cell-cell aggregates. These aggregates could be produced in germinated wild-type cells by addition of native or heat-inactivated Sap6. Sap6 bound only to germinated cells and increasedC. albicansadhesion to oral epithelial cells. The adhesion properties of Sap6 were lost upon deletion of its integrin-binding motif (RGD) and could be inhibited by addition of RGD peptide or anti-integrin antibodies. Thus, Sap6 (but not Sap5) has an alternative novel function in cell-cell aggregation, independent of its proteinase activity, to promote infection and virulence in oral candidiasis.

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Oral Candidiasis and COVID-19 in Users of Removable Dentures: Is Special Oral Care Needed?

Gerontology ◽

10.1159/000515214 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Laura Silva Jerônimo ◽

Rafael Paschoal Esteves Lima ◽

Thaís Yumi Umeda Suzuki ◽

José Augusto César Discacciati ◽

Cláudia Lopes Brilhante Bhering

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Ventilation ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Oral Health ◽

Early Diagnosis ◽

Elderly Patients ◽

Oral Candidiasis ◽

Oral Care ◽

Antifungal Treatment ◽

Immunocompromised Patients ◽

Appropriate Care

Elderly patients with systemic disorders and immunocompromised patients seem to have a higher risk of developing morbidity from COVID-19. Candida albicans (C. albicans) is a potentially dangerous pathogen for these patients, especially for denture wearers with prosthetic stomatitis who require mechanical ventilation. C. albicans infection, the main candidiasis infection associated with denture wear, can complicate COVID-19 and increase the associated morbidity and mortality. Therefore, early diagnosis of C. albicans infection in COVID-19 patients is important to establish more effective antifungal treatment methods and prophylaxis strategies. Hospitalized COVID-19 patients should undergo an oral examination to assess their oral health, and those with poor oral health should receive the appropriate care and monitoring.

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Orodispersible Film Loaded with Enterococcus faecium CRL183 Presents Anti-Candida albicans Biofilm Activity In Vitro

Pharmaceutics ◽

10.3390/pharmaceutics13070998 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 998

Author(s):

Virgínia Barreto Lordello ◽

Andréia Bagliotti Meneguin ◽

Sarah Raquel de Annunzio ◽

Maria Pía Taranto ◽

Marlus Chorilli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Candida Albicans ◽

Antifungal Activity ◽

Enterococcus Faecium ◽

Potato Starch ◽

Oral Candidiasis ◽

Candida Spp ◽

Sem Images ◽

Control Film ◽

In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Background: Probiotic bacteria have been emerging as a trustworthy choice for the prevention and treatment of Candida spp. infections. This study aimed to develop and characterize an orodispersible film (ODF) for delivering the potentially probiotic Enterococcus faecium CRL 183 into the oral cavity, evaluating its in vitro antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Methods and Results: The ODF was composed by carboxymethylcellulose, gelatin, and potato starch, and its physical, chemical, and mechanical properties were studied. The probiotic resistance and viability during processing and storage were evaluated as well as its in vitro antifungal activity against C. albicans. The ODFs were thin, resistant, and flexible, with neutral pH and microbiologically safe. The probiotic resisted the ODF obtaining process, demonstrating high viability (>9 log10 CFU·g−1), up to 90 days of storage at room temperature. The Probiotic Film promoted 68.9% of reduction in fungal early biofilm and 91.2% in its mature biofilm compared to the group stimulated with the control film. Those results were confirmed through SEM images. Conclusion: The probiotic ODF developed is a promising strategy to prevent oral candidiasis, since it permits the local probiotic delivery, which in turn was able to reduce C. albicans biofilm formation.

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