Abstract
Despite pre-salt fields in Brazil usually having high production per well, one of the areas presents a reservoir with low permoporosity, which results in small flowrates with fluid temperatures during production below the one that is critical for wax deposition. The operations commonly used to remove the wax deposits are diesel soaking and pigging, which brings production losses and OPEX increase. Thus, the economic analysis should consider these events reducing the operational efficiency of production.
To evaluate the production drop due to wax deposition, it was necessary to perform a loop test to determine the wax growth throughout time. With a multiphase simulator, it is possible to choose the deposition model and the diffusion coefficient that best fits the analyzed fluid. However, one of the limitations of this first analysis is the lack of data to determine the effect of the shear stripping, as the test is performed under a laminar flow. As this term plays an important role in wax growth, it was necessary to add to the simulation model the shear coefficient fitted from another pre-salt field. With this information, it will be possible to make a more reliable evaluation of the impact of wax deposition, increasing the confidence in the production curve, OPEX and NPV of the full field project.
This paper shows the methodology that has been applied to evaluate the impact of wax deposition in pre-salt fields. It presents the deposition model, and its coefficients used to fit the multiphase transient models to a pre-salt field.
Gene Expression in RET/PTC3 and E7 Transgenic Mouse Thyroids: RET/PTC3 But Not E7 Tumors Are Partial and Transient Models of Human Papillary Thyroid Cancers
