Urban shading-a design option for the tropics? A study in Colombo, Sri Lanka

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (14) ◽  
pp. 1995-2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Emmanuel ◽  
H. Rosenlund ◽  
E. Johansson
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Design Option ◽  
The Tropics

scholarly journals Species Composition and Visiting Frequencies of Flower Visitors ofChromolaena odoratain a Dry Zone Forest Patch of Sri Lanka

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
D. G. R. M. M. Kaushalya Rathnayake ◽  
W. M. G. Asanga S. T. B. Wijetunga
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Secondary Forest ◽  
Major Theme ◽  
Forest Patch ◽  
Flower Visitors ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
Animal Interaction ◽  
The Tropics

Plant-animal interaction has been a major theme in ecology as it has helped ecologists to rule out different patterns they observed in the surrounding environments.Chromolaena odoratais another plant species that is studied extensively as it has become a major troublesome weed in many parts of the tropics. But, handful of studies are available on pollination of this invasive plant species in dry forests and its function as a pollinator sink in these environments. The current study was carried out in a dry zone secondary forest patch in North-Central Sri Lanka to assess the diversity, abundance, and pollination strength of flower visitors associated with theC. odorata. The results suggest that the diversity of Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera is higher than the other insect orders that visitedC. odorata, but all species exerted equal pollination strength on the plant. The attraction of large numbers of insects is concluded to as one of the factors that contribute to the reproductive success ofC. odoratain dry zone forests.

scholarly journals THE DISTRIBUTION, IMPORTANCE, BIOLOGY AND CONTROL, OF CHROMOLAENA ODORATA (L.) K.& R.A MAJOR WEED SPECIES OF COCONUT PLANTATION IN SRI LANKA

CORD ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
T.G.L.G. Gunasekara
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Seed Biology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
And Control ◽  
Asteraceae Family

Chromolaena odorata (1.) K. & R. is a tropical peren­nial weed species qf the Asteraceae family that has be­come a serious problem in coconut plantations in Sri Lanka and in the tropics of Asia and Africa. The history of distribution, habitat and economic importance is summarized The botanical features and seed biology of this species are presented in this review Finally in­formation on the control measures such as mechanical, cultural, chemical and biological methods is discussed.

Chronic Interstitial Nephritis in Agricultural Communities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Channa Jayasumana ◽  
Carlos Orantes ◽  
Marc E. De Broe
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Central America ◽  
Interstitial Nephritis ◽  
Agricultural Communities ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
North Central Province ◽  
End Stage ◽  
Chronic Interstitial Nephritis ◽  
The Tropics

Chronic Interstitial Nephritis in Agricultural Communities (CINAC) has been increasingly recognized since the early 1990s. It has been called epidemic chronic kidney disease unknown cause (CKDu) in Sri Lanka, and meso-American nephropathy in Central America. CINAC occurs regionally in the Tropics, predominantly in rural/agricultural zones. It is increasingly recognized, but also believed to be increasing in incidence. Men are affected up to three times more often than women. Its incidence increases with age, and a number of other epidemiological factors impact on it. In some areas, such as the North Central Province of Sri Lanka and regions of Central America, it drives extreme rates of CKD and end-stage renal failure. Clinically, it has the non-specific characteristics of other slowly-evolving chronic interstitial nephritis (Chapter 86). Perhaps distinctive is an inconsistent history of episodes of dysuria, sometimes loin pain, in earlier disease. Its aetiology remains unsolved. Maps of incidence commonly show a mosaic pattern, suggesting that exposure to local factors are implicated. It has been associated with working outdoors in high temperatures, but this seems inadequate as the sole explanation. Exposure to nephrotoxins, natural or possibly as agrochemicals, seems likely.

scholarly journals Design Optimisation of Fixed and Adaptive Shading Devices on Four Façade Orientations of a High-Rise Office Building in the Tropics

Buildings ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Rizki A. Mangkuto ◽  
Mochamad Donny Koerniawan ◽  
Sri Rahma Apriliyanthi ◽  
Irma Handayani Lubis ◽  
Atthaillah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Design ◽  
Computational Modelling ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Design Option ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Solar Radiation ◽  
Fixed Design ◽  
Shading Devices ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
The Impact

Optimisation of shading devices in buildings is a broadly investigated topic; however, most studies only focus on a single façade orientation, since the observed buildings are typically located in high latitude regions. However, in tropical regions, optimisation of all façade orientations is required due to the relatively high solar radiation and long sunshine duration. While adaptive shading devices are a promising solution, they are not without disadvantages, and as such a combination of adaptive shading devices and a fixed shading device shall be considered. This research therefore aims to design the optimum internal shading devices on four façade orientations of a high-rise office building in a tropical city, considering fixed and adaptive shading design options, and to determine the impact on annual daylight performance using computational modelling and simulation. The simulation is carried out under: (1) fixed design option, focusing on the numbers and width of slats; and (2) adaptive design option, focusing on the slat angle on various conditions. It is found that both sDA300/50% and ASE1000,250 are only influenced by the orientation. Under the fixed design option, the sDA300/50% and ASE1000,250 targets can be achieved only on the north and south façades, and accordingly the adaptive design option shall be implemented on the east and west façades. Overall, this study contributes to knowledge regarding the optimisation of shading devices in high-rise buildings in the tropics, considering the daylight admission from the four cardinal orientations.

scholarly journals Fatal colchicine intoxication by ingestion of Gloriosa superba tubers

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e228718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthik Gunasekaran ◽  
Divya Elizabeth Mathew ◽  
Thomas Isaiah Sudarsan ◽  
Ramya Iyyadurai
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
South India ◽  
Rescue Therapy ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Gloriosa Superba ◽  
Deliberate Self Harm ◽  
Self Harm ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Organ Dysfunctions

Gloriosa superba is an ornamental herb, wildly found in the tropics especially in the southern parts of India and Sri Lanka. All parts of the plants are toxic, especially the tuberous rhizomes in view of their high content of colchicines and its derivatives. We report a case of fatal ingestion of the tubers of G. superba, with an intention of deliberate self harm, leading to systemic coagulopathy and progressive multiple organ dysfunctions. The patient was managed with intralipid rescue therapy, plasmapheresis, haemodialysis and intensive care. The ease of availability makes plant poisons, a common method of deliberate self-harm in South India. This report reiterates the need for clinician’s awareness of common toxidromes associated with plant poisons.

Bartonellainfection in urban and rural dogs from the tropics: Brazil, Colombia, Sri Lanka and Vietnam

2012 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. C. BRENNER ◽  
B. B. CHOMEL ◽  
O.-U. SINGHASIVANON ◽  
D. Y. NAMEKATA ◽  
R. W. KASTEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Dna Extraction ◽  
Domestic Dogs ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Antibody Prevalence ◽  
Tropical Countries ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Tropics

SUMMARYDogs can be infected by a wide range ofBartonellaspp., but limited studies have been conducted in tropical urban and rural dog populations. We aimed to determineBartonellaantibody prevalence in 455 domestic dogs from four tropical countries and detectBartonellaDNA in a subset of these dogs.Bartonellaantibodies were detected in 38 (8·3%) dogs, including 26 (10·1%) from Colombia, nine (7·6%) from Brazil, three (5·1%) from Sri Lanka and none from Vietnam. DNA extraction was performed for 26 (63%) of the 41 seropositive and 10 seronegative dogs. Four seropositive dogs were PCR positive, including two Colombian dogs, infected withB. rochalimaeandB. vinsoniisubsp.berkhoffii, and two Sri Lankan dogs harbouring sequences identical to strain HMD described in dogs from Italy and Greece. This is the first detection ofBartonellainfection in dogs from Colombia and Sri Lanka and identification ofBartonellastrain HMD from Asia.

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