Condensed tannins in humid tropical fodder crops and theirin vitro biological activity: Part 1

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 291-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan López ◽  
Irma Tejada ◽  
Carlos Vásquez ◽  
Juan de Dios Garza ◽  
Armando Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Fodder Crops

Condensed tannins in tropical fodder crops and theirin vitro biological activity: Part 2

2004 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 295-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan López ◽  
Irma Tejada ◽  
Carlos Vásquez ◽  
Juan de Dios Garza ◽  
Armando Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Fodder Crops

Exploring the biological activity of condensed tannins and nutritional value of tree and shrub leaves from native species of the Argentinean Dry Chaco

2017 ◽  
Vol 97 (14) ◽  
pp. 5021-5027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa M García ◽  
Nicole Cherry ◽  
Barry D Lambert ◽  
James P Muir ◽  
Mónica A Nazareno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Nutritional Value

scholarly journals Characterization and biological activity of condensed tannins from tropical forage legumes

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1070-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Pires Pereira ◽  
Elisa Cristina Modesto ◽  
Delci de Deus Nepomuceno ◽  
Osniel Faria de Oliveira ◽  
Rafaela Scalise Xavier de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Degree Of Polymerization ◽  
Polymerization Degree ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Tropical Forage ◽  
Ruminant Diets

Abstract: The objective of this work was to characterize condensed tannins (CT) from six tropical forage legumes and to determine their biological activity. The monomers propelargonidin, prodelphinidin and procyanidin were analyzed, as well as extractable condensed tannin (ECT), protein-bound CT (PBCT) and fiber-bound CT (FBCT), molecular weight, degree of polymerization, polydispersity index, and biological activity by protein precipitate by phenols (PPP) of leaves of the legumes Cajanus cajan, Gliricidia sepium, Stylosanthes capitata x Stylosanthes macrocephala (stylo), Flemingia macrophylla, Cratylia argentea, and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia, and of the bark of this latter species. Differences were observed in the concentrations of ECT, PBCT, PPP, and total condensed tannin among species, but not in that of FBCT. The highest value of PBCT occurred in F. macrophylla. Total CT varied from nondetected concentration in C. argentea to the highest concentration in M. caesalpiniifolia leaves that contain the greatest levels of PPP. No differences were observed for polymerization degree in stylo, F. macrophylla, and M. caesalpiniifolia. Leaves of stylo, C. cajan, and G. sepium, all containing between 20 and 50 g kg-1 total CT, should be beneficial CT sources, if offered as sole feeds in ruminant diets. The ratio of prodelphinidin:procyanidin varies from 10:80 (stylo) to 65:35 (F. machrophylla), and propelargonidin is only determined in C. argentea.

Effects of Lactobacillus formosensis S215T and Lactobacillus buchneri on quality and in vitro ruminal biological activity of condensed tannins in sweet potato vines silage

2016 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 1242-1253 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Mangwe ◽  
K.T. Rangubhet ◽  
V. Mlambo ◽  
B. Yu ◽  
H.I. Chiang
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Lactobacillus Buchneri

scholarly journals Effect of Acacia purified tannins extract and polyethylene glycol treatment on in vitro ruminal fermentation pattern and methane production

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
Khaoula Khelalfa ◽  
Rabah Arhab ◽  
Antonio Ignacio Martín-García ◽  
Nabila Zaabat ◽  
Alejandro Belanche
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Fermentation Parameters ◽  
By Products

Condensed tannins are polyphenolic compounds which can exert beneficial effects in ruminants. They have the ability to bind proteins and decrease their degradation. They have also been reported to reduce methanogenesis and improve ruminants performances. The present work aimed to study the effect of purified condensed tannins from Acacia horrida extract on fermentation parameters, gas and methane production. In this context, seven substrates were selected: four Acacia species (Acacia pycnantha, Acacia dealbata, Acacia horrida and Acacia cyanophylla) and three plant by-products (date palm leaves, grenade peel and artichoke stems). Biological activity of tannins was evaluated by the incubation of the substrates in vitro with Polyethylene glycol (PEG). Tannins decreased concentration of all fermentation parameters (gas (p < 0.0001), methane (CH4) (p= 0.0983), ammonia (N-NH3) (p= 0.0382), Volatile Fatty Acids (VFA) (p= 0.0009), acetate (p <0.0001), propionate (p= 0.1024), butyrate (p= 0.0373), isobutyrate (p= 0.0046), valerate (p < 0.0001), isovalerate (p= 0.0032)). Substrates were also characterized by their content in main nutrients (dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), ash, crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) ,acid detergent lignin (ADL)) and in secondary metabolites (total phenols (TP), total tannins (TT) and condensed tannins (CT) ). All substrates presented high CP content except by-products (> 100 g/kg DM) and moderate cell-wall components. CT content was comprised between 120.5 and 680.4 g/kg DM in plants and between 23.1 and 170.4 g/kg DM in plant by-products. A. horrida presented the highest biological activity. Thus, their CT were extracted and purified on a sephadex LH-20 column. Purified tannins from A. horrida were incubated with two different forages alfalfa hay and barley straw at three different concentrations: 50, 100, 150 mg/g DM. Results showed that purified tannins from A. horrida had no effect on fermentation parameters (P > 0.05). The effects of A. horrida tannins may be strongly linked to their structure and their molecular weight more than to their concentration. For this reason, it is interesting that this work may be completed by physical characterization of these tannins.

Prediction of Phenolics and Tannins in Forage Legumes by near Infrared Reflectance

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Goodchild ◽  
F.J. El Haramein ◽  
A. Abd El Moneim ◽  
H.P.S. Makkar ◽  
P.C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Rumen Microbes

Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy calibrations for measures of tannins and nutritive value were made on a set of 40 hays and straws of Vicia and Lathyrus spp. by the modified partial least squares (MPLS) method and were evaluated by cross-validation. They successfully predicted, in the dry matter, 4.6–34.1 g kg−1 total phenolics with a cross-validation R2 of 0.95 and a SECV of 1.68 g kg−1, 1.3–23.1 g kg−1 total tannins ( R2 = 0.89, SECV = 1.84 g kg−1) and 0.5–30.3 g kg−1 condensed tannins ( R2 = 0.93, SECV = 2.34 g kg−1). In multiple regression and MPLS calibrations, a wavelength close to 2.144 μm was common to all measures of tannins, and was attributed to condensed tannins and its flavanoid precursors. The biological activity of tannins on rumen microbes, measured as a 0–6.9% effect on gas production with rumen liquor in vitro, was less precisely predicted by MPLS ( R2 = 0.49, SECV = 1.49%). The biological activity per gram of chemical tannins could not be predicted by NIR spectroscopy in the material studied. Acid detergent fibre, neutral detergent fibre, crude protein and gas production in vitro were predicted with R2 = 0.95 to 0.96 ( SECV = 18.2, 24.8, 10.1 g kg−1 or 7.2 mL g−1).

Virus-Like Particles in a Human Breast Cancer: Structural Similarity to Previously Reported Particles

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 378-379
Author(s):  
G. Kasnic ◽  
S. E. Stewart ◽  
C. Urbanski
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Human Breast Cancer ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
Human Tumor ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Human Breast ◽  
Human Tumor Cell ◽  
Type Particle

We have reported the maturation of an intracisternal A-type particle in murine plasma cell tumor cultures and three human tumor cell cultures (rhabdomyosarcoma, lung adenocarcinoma, and osteogenic sarcoma) after IUDR-DMSO activation. In all of these studies the A-type particle seems to develop into a form with an electron dense nucleoid, presumably mature, which is also intracisternal. A similar intracisternal A-type particle has been described in leukemic guinea pigs. Although no biological activity has yet been demonstrated for these particles, on morphologic grounds, and by the manner in which they develop within the cell, they may represent members of the same family of viruses.

Effects of Vincristine on Endothelial Microtubules in the Spinal Cord

1976 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 58-59
Author(s):  
John L. Beggs ◽  
John D. Waggener ◽  
Wanda Miller
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Horseradish Peroxidase ◽  
Transport Mechanism ◽  
Vasogenic Edema ◽  
Vesicular Transport ◽  
Close Proximity

Microtubules (MT) are versatile organelles participating in a wide variety of biological activity. MT involvement in the movement and transport of cytoplasmic components has been well documented. In the course of our study on trauma-induced vasogenic edema in the spinal cord we have concluded that endothelial vesicles contribute to the edema process. Using horseradish peroxidase as a vascular tracer, labeled endothelial vesicles were present in all situations expected if a vesicular transport mechanism was in operation. Frequently,labeled vesicles coalesced to form channels that appeared to traverse the endothelium. The presence of MT in close proximity to labeled vesicles sugg ested that MT may play a role in vesicular activity.

Isothiazol-3(2 H )-ones, Part I: Synthesis, Reactions and Biological Activity

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Taubert ◽  
Susanne Kraus ◽  
B&#x000E4;rbel Schulze
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Synthesis Reactions
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