Prediction of Phenolics and Tannins in Forage Legumes by near Infrared Reflectance

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Goodchild ◽  
F.J. El Haramein ◽  
A. Abd El Moneim ◽  
H.P.S. Makkar ◽  
P.C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Rumen Microbes

Near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy calibrations for measures of tannins and nutritive value were made on a set of 40 hays and straws of Vicia and Lathyrus spp. by the modified partial least squares (MPLS) method and were evaluated by cross-validation. They successfully predicted, in the dry matter, 4.6–34.1 g kg−1 total phenolics with a cross-validation R2 of 0.95 and a SECV of 1.68 g kg−1, 1.3–23.1 g kg−1 total tannins ( R2 = 0.89, SECV = 1.84 g kg−1) and 0.5–30.3 g kg−1 condensed tannins ( R2 = 0.93, SECV = 2.34 g kg−1). In multiple regression and MPLS calibrations, a wavelength close to 2.144 μm was common to all measures of tannins, and was attributed to condensed tannins and its flavanoid precursors. The biological activity of tannins on rumen microbes, measured as a 0–6.9% effect on gas production with rumen liquor in vitro, was less precisely predicted by MPLS ( R2 = 0.49, SECV = 1.49%). The biological activity per gram of chemical tannins could not be predicted by NIR spectroscopy in the material studied. Acid detergent fibre, neutral detergent fibre, crude protein and gas production in vitro were predicted with R2 = 0.95 to 0.96 ( SECV = 18.2, 24.8, 10.1 g kg−1 or 7.2 mL g−1).

Use of near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy to investigate the effect of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on changes in leucaena leucocephala and calliandra sp. Incubated in vitro

1995 ◽  
Vol 1995 ◽  
pp. 120-120
Author(s):  
S.J. Lister ◽  
R. Sanderson ◽  
M.S. Dhanoa ◽  
E.M. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Condensed Tannins ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Difference Spectra ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Nutritional Characteristics ◽  
The Tropics ◽  
Insight Into

Browse legumes are an important source of fodder for ruminants throughout the tropics. However, the presence of certain anti-nutritive factors may reduce intake and hinder the utilisation of these fodders by livestock and more information relating to their nutritional characteristics is required before they can be utilised effectively. NIR has generally been used as a quantitative tool to predict chemical composition but the use of detailed NIR spectra in qualitative analysis may provide some insight into differences between forages or forages which have been chemically treated. The objective of this work was to use NIR difference spectra to examine two tropical forages legumes, Leucaena and Calliandra, which contain different amounts of condensed tannins and to investigate whether in vitro digestion of the legumes may be enhanced by incubating in the presence of PEG, to counteract some of the anti-nutritive properties associated wim polyphenolics.

Relationship between in vitro gas production and near infrared reflectance spectra of gliricidia provenances

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 226-226
Author(s):  
S.J. Lister ◽  
M.S. Dhanoa ◽  
J.L. Stewart ◽  
M. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Kinetics Of

The chemical composition of tropical forages is generally more complex than that of temperate forages, yet the need for simple methods to predict nutritive value is greater. Near Infrared Reflectance (NIR) spectra could provide a possible solution. NIR has been used to predict both in vitro and in vivo digestibility (Murray, 1993). Direct calibration with in vivo parameters is ideal, but factors such as different types of forages, animals and management conditions have to be taken into consideration. The gas production technique, which may be considered as an in vitro counterpart of the dacron bag technique, provides information relating to the fermentable fractions and kinetics of a forage and these parameters can be related to the NIR spectra. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between NIR spectra and cumulative gas production and derived parameters in tree leaves.

Relationship between in vitro gas production and near infrared reflectance spectra of gliricidia provenances

1996 ◽  
Vol 1996 ◽  
pp. 226-226
Author(s):  
S.J. Lister ◽  
M.S. Dhanoa ◽  
J.L. Stewart ◽  
M. Gill
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Kinetics Of

The chemical composition of tropical forages is generally more complex than that of temperate forages, yet the need for simple methods to predict nutritive value is greater. Near Infrared Reflectance (NIR) spectra could provide a possible solution. NIR has been used to predict both in vitro and in vivo digestibility (Murray, 1993). Direct calibration with in vivo parameters is ideal, but factors such as different types of forages, animals and management conditions have to be taken into consideration. The gas production technique, which may be considered as an in vitro counterpart of the dacron bag technique, provides information relating to the fermentable fractions and kinetics of a forage and these parameters can be related to the NIR spectra. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between NIR spectra and cumulative gas production and derived parameters in tree leaves.

scholarly journals The Relative Performance of a Benchtop Scanning Monochromator and Handheld Fourier Transform Near-Infrared Reflectance Spectrometer in Predicting Forage Nutritive Value

Sensors ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 658
Author(s):  
Matthew F. Digman ◽  
Jerry H. Cherney ◽  
Debbie J. R. Cherney
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Advanced manufacturing techniques have enabled low-cost, on-chip spectrometers. Little research exists, however, on their performance relative to the state of technology systems. The present study compares the utility of a benchtop FOSS NIRSystems 6500 (FOSS) to a handheld NeoSpectra-Scanner (NEO) to develop models that predict the composition of dried and ground grass, and alfalfa forages. Mixed-species prediction models were developed for several forage constituents, and performance was assessed using an independent dataset. Prediction models developed with spectra from the FOSS instrument had a standard error of prediction (SEP, % DM) of 1.4, 1.8, 3.3, 1.0, 0.42, and 1.3, for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), true in vitro digestibility (IVTD), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (NDFD), acid detergent fiber (ADF), acid detergent lignin (ADL), and crude protein (CP), respectively. The R2P for these models ranged from 0.90 to 0.97. Models developed with the NEO resulted in an average increase in SEP of 0.14 and an average decrease in R2P of 0.002.

Monitoring the performance of a broad-based calibration for measuring the nutritive value of two independent populations of pasture using near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy

1991 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
KF Smith ◽  
PC Flinn
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance

Near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy is a rapid and cost-effective method for the measurement of organic constituents of agricultural products. NIR is widely used to measure feed quality around the world and is gaining acceptance in Australia. This study describes the development of an NIR calibration to measure crude protein (CP), predicted in vivo dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) in temperate pasture species grown in south-western Victoria. A subset of 116 samples was selected on the basis of spectral characteristics from 461 pasture samples grown in 1987-89. Several grass and legume species were present in the population. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was used on the 116 samples to develop calibration equations with standard errors of 0.8,2.3 and 2.2% for CP, NDF and IVDMD, respectively. When these equations were tested on 2 independent pasture populations, a significant bias existed between NIR and reference values for 2 constituents in each population, indicating that the calibration samples did not adequately represent the new populations for these constituents. The results also showed that the H statistic alone was inadequate as an indicator of equation performance. It was confirmed that it was possible to develop a broad-based calibration to measure accurately the nutritive value of closed populations of temperate pasture species. For the resulting equations to be used for analysis of other populations, however, they must be monitored by comparing reference and NIR analyses on a small number of samples to check for the presence of bias or a significant increase in unexplained error.

In vitro gas production of foliage and fruits of forage trees with and without added PEG

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 137-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Pinto Ruiz ◽  
CA Sandoval Castro ◽  
L. Ramírez Avilés
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Local Knowledge ◽  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Natural Vegetation ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Grazing Cattle ◽  
In Vitro Gas Production

In Chiapas, México, natural vegetation is often used for grazing cattle. Local knowledge identify several plants and fruits as been consumed by cattle, But few information is available on their nutritive value. The objective of the present work was to assess the potential nutritive value and biological activity of tannins in 14 materials by means of the in vitro gas production technique.

Broad-based calibrations of in vitro gas production of forages by near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 234-237
Author(s):  
M. Herrero ◽  
N. S. Jessop
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Wide Range

There is increasing demand to obtain fast and accurate dynamic nutritional information from forages. Near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) offers the possibility for obtaining such information for a range of nutritional constituents of foods. Herrero et al. (1996 and 1997) calibrated in vitro gas production measurements of a single grass species by NIRS. There would be greater practical benefit if the gas production predictions could be obtained using calibrations derived from a wide range of plant species, since a single equation could be used for all forages. The objective of this study was to investigate if in vitro gas production measurements of a broad based sample population could be calibrated by NIRS.

Taking near infrared spectroscopy beyond feedstuff analysis to enhance animal production profitability

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadden Graham ◽  
Chris Piotrowski ◽  
Robert Van Barneveld
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Feed Industry ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Feed Costs ◽  
Line Analysis

Near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy allows a cheap and rapid estimation of composition, and thus is widely used in the animal feed industry for the quality control and quality assurance of feeds and particularly feed ingredients. However, such analyses are often limited to a few variables not closely related to the nutritive value of the particular feed ingredients, and are often retrospective. This paper discusses recent developments in both hardware and software, which now allow real-time and in-line analysis of feed ingredients and feeds, and how these can be used to save substantial costs in the feed industry worldwide by reducing feed costs and giving more predictable animal performance. We also discuss how laboratory, hand-held and in-line NIR equipment could be widely used in the future for the purchase of feed ingredients and the manufacture of animal feeds.

Prediction of Chemical Composition in Sunflower Whole Plant and Silage (Helianthus Annus L.) by near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy

2007 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Fassio ◽  
A. Gimenez ◽  
E. Fernandez ◽  
D. Vaz Martins ◽  
D. Cozzolino
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Cross Validation ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Near Infrared Reflectance ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Calibration Models

The aim of this study was to investigate the potential use of near infrared (NIR) reflectance spectroscopy to predict chemical composition in both sunflower whole plant (WPSun) and sunflower silage (SunS). Samples of both WPSun ( n = 73) and SunS ( n = 50) were analysed by reference method and scanned in reflectance using a NIR monochromator instrument (400–2500 nm). Calibration models were developed between NIR data and reference values for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ash, acid detergent fibre (ADFom), neutral detergent fibre (aNDFom), in vitro organic matter digestibility (OMD), ether extract (EE) and pH using partial least squares regression (PLS). Due to the limited number of samples full cross-validation was used to test the calibration models. The best correlations (R 2cal) and lowest standard errors in cross-validation (SECV) were obtained for DM (R 2cal > 0.82, SECV: 27.0 and 35.8 g kg−1), CP (R 2cal> 0.85, SECV: 9.9 and 10.1 g kg−1) and ash (R2cal> 0.85, SECV 11.2 and 8.2 g kg−1) in both WPSun and SunS samples, respectively. For ADFom, aNDFom and OMD the calibrations were considered to be poor (R 2cal < 0.85). In SunS samples a good correlation was found for EE (R 2cal = 0.94, SECV: 15.3 g kg−1).

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