scholarly journals Effect of long-term betaine supplementation on chemical and physical characteristics of three muscles from the Alentejano pig

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (10) ◽  
pp. 2122-2127 ◽  
Author(s):  
José M Martins ◽  
José A Neves ◽  
Amadeu Freitas ◽  
José L Tirapicos
Keyword(s):  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Betaine Supplementation

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Betaine on Growth Performance, Digestive Function, Carcass Traits, and Meat Quality in Indigenous Yellow-Feathered Broilers under Long-Term Heat Stress

Animals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 506 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu ◽  
Yuan ◽  
Sun ◽  
Balasubramanian ◽  
Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Nitrogen Retention ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trypsin Activity ◽  
Villus Height ◽  
Betaine Supplementation

Heat stress has a profound effect on poultry health and productivity. The present study evaluated whether feeding betaine could ameliorate long-term heat stress-induced impairment of productive performance in indigenous yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 240 five-week-old male broilers were randomly allocated to five treatments with six replicates of eight broilers each. The five treatments included a thermoneutral zone control group (TN, fed basal diet), a heat stress control group (HS, fed basal diet), and an HS control group supplemented 500, 1000, 2000 mg/kg betaine, respectively. The TN group was raised at 26 ± 1 °C during the whole study, HS groups exposed to 32 ± 1 °C for 8 h/day from 9:00 am to 17:00 pm. The results showed that heat stress decreased the body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake of broilers during 1–5, 6–10, and 1–10 weeks (p < 0.05). Dietary betaine tended to improve the BWG and feed intake of broilers under 5 weeks of heat stress (linear, p < 0.10), and betaine supplementation linearly increased the BWG and feed intake during 6–10 and 1–10 weeks (p < 0.05). Additionally, nitrogen retention was reduced by 5 weeks and 10 weeks of heat stress (p < 0.05), whereas dietary betaine could improve nitrogen retention in heat stressed broilers after both 5 and 10 weeks of heat stress (linear, p < 0.05). Moreover, this study observed that the trypsin activity of jejunum was decreased by 5 weeks of heat stress (p < 0.05), whereas betaine supplementation had quadratic effects on trypsin activity of jejunum in heat stressed broilers (p < 0.05). Furthermore, 10 weeks of heat stress induced a reduction of villus height of the duodenum and jejunum (p < 0.05), and decreased the villus height to crypt depth ratio of the jejunum (p < 0.05). Supplementation with betaine ameliorated the adverse effects of heat stress on these parameters (p < 0.05). Compared with the TN group, 10 weeks of heat stress reduced carcass and breast yield (p < 0.05) and betaine supplementation improved carcass and breast yield of heat stressed broilers (linear, p < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplementation of betaine could reduce the detrimental effects of long-term heat stress on growth performance, digestive function, and carcass traits in indigenous yellow-feathered broilers.

scholarly journals Low Dose Betaine Supplementation Leads to Immediate and Long Term Lowering of Plasma Homocysteine in Healthy Men and Women

2003 ◽  
Vol 133 (12) ◽  
pp. 4135-4138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margreet R. Olthof ◽  
Trinette van Vliet ◽  
Esther Boelsma ◽  
Petra Verhoef
Keyword(s):  
Low Dose ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Healthy Men ◽  
Betaine Supplementation

scholarly journals Using Long-term Millisecond Pulsar Timing to Obtain Physical Characteristics of the Bulge Globular Cluster Terzan 5

2017 ◽  
Vol 845 (2) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian J. Prager ◽  
Scott M. Ransom ◽  
Paulo C. C. Freire ◽  
Jason W. T. Hessels ◽  
Ingrid H. Stairs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Globular Cluster ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Millisecond Pulsar ◽  
Pulsar Timing

Lime-slotting technique to ameliorate subsoil acidity in a clay soil .1. Effects on soil-pH and physical characteristics

Soil Research ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Kirchhof ◽  
NS Jayawardane ◽  
J Blackwell ◽  
E Murray
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Clay Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Strength ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Subsoil Acidity ◽  
Water Contents

In soils with subsoil acidity, root growth of plants sensitive to acidity is restricted to surface layers resulting in reduced water and nutrient uptake and low yields of crops. In the present study, the use of the lime-slotting technique, with slots 0.15 m wide and 0.8 m deep, for providing long-term improvements of the adverse soil chemical and physical characteristics of an acid, clay soil was investigated. Lime-slotting using a rotary slotter resulted in a uniform increase in soil pH to the full depth of the slot (0.8 m), indicating a thorough mixing of the lime with the small soil fragments produced by slotting, as they are thrown up into the rotor shroud and redeposited in the slot. In contrast, ripping to 1.0 m depth and delve ploughing to 0.8 m depth only changed the soil pH close to the soil surface. The saturated hydraulic conductivity, total porosity and air-filled porosity at a potential of - 10 kPa measured on soil cores was significantly (P < 0.05) increased within the slot, compared to the undisturbed soil. Values of unsaturated hydraulic conductivities K(�) and diffusivities D(�), calcualted from the saturated conductivity and water potential-water content relationships, also showed increases in the slot, at high water contents. Although a polishing of sections of the slot wall due to rubbing of the rotors was observed in the field, the saturated conductivities of the cores taken across the slot walls did not show significant (P < 0.05) differences compared with the undisturbed soil adjacent to the slot. The extent of protection of the loosened soil in the slots from recompaction during subsequent farm trafficking was evaluated in a vineyard. Soil strength measurement showed distinct differences between field plots which were non-ameliorated, lime-slotted or deep ripped. Soil strength was estimated using penetrometer cone index measurements, which were made when the soils were at similar water contents. Zones of high soil strength observed in the non-ameliorated soils, were reduced in the ripped and slotted soil. However, the upper part of the ripped soil had soil strengths higher than the lower part, indicating repacking under trafficking. In contrast in the slotted soil, the slotted area had low soil strength to depth, indicating greater protection of the loosened soil during trafficking. This could be due to bridging of the tractor wheels and implements across the slot on to the stronger undisturbed soil on either side. Thus, lime-slotting is an effective technique for long-term amelioration of the adverse physical and chemical properties of dense clay soils with subsoil acidity. This should encourage root growth to depth within the slots, and use of the water stored in the subsoil.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document