High infiltration of tumor-associated macrophages is associated with a poor response to chemotherapy and poor prognosis of patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy for esophageal cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 752-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keijiro Sugimura ◽  
Hiroshi Miyata ◽  
Koji Tanaka ◽  
Tsuyoshi Takahashi ◽  
Yukinori Kurokawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Tumor Associated Macrophages ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy ◽  
High Infiltration

scholarly journals The number of osteoclasts in a biopsy specimen can predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for primary osteosarcoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Araki ◽  
N. Yamamoto ◽  
K. Hayashi ◽  
A. Takeuchi ◽  
S. Miwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Biopsy Specimen ◽  
Osteoclast Differentiation ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Biopsy Specimens ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy ◽  
Simple Factor ◽  
Chemotherapy Agents ◽  
Chemotherapy Efficacy

AbstractOsteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone tumor, and its standard treatment is a combination of surgery and chemotherapy. A poor response to chemotherapy causes unfavorable oncological outcomes. We investigated the correlation between osteoclast differentiation in biopsy specimens and the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in resected specimens. Forty-nine patients who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy and subsequent surgical treatment at our institution between 1999 and 2018 were enrolled. Using medical records, we investigated the age, sex, tumor size, location, subtype, staging, chemotherapy agents (doxorubicin, cisplatin, ifosfamide, and methotrexate), number of neoadjuvant chemotherapy courses, number of osteoclasts in biopsy specimens, and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy according to the Rosen and Huvos classification (Grade I-IV) in resected specimens. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify factors predictive of a good response in resected specimens after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A good response (Grade III/IV) was detected in 25, while a poor response (Grade I/II) was detected in 24. According to the multivariate analysis, ≥ 46 years old (odds ratio [OR], 0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01–0.45; p < 0.01) and ≥ 5 mature osteoclasts in a biopsy specimen (OR, 36.9; 95% CI, 6.03–225; p < 0.01) were significantly associated with the neoadjuvant chemotherapy efficacy. The accuracy for predicting a good response to chemotherapy based on ≥ 5 osteoclasts in a biopsy specimen in patients < 46 years old was 85%. The number of mature osteoclasts in biopsy specimens is a simple factor for predicting the efficacy of chemotherapy before treatment, although further studies will be required to determine the underlying mechanism.

Circulating miR-200c Levels Significantly Predict Response to Chemotherapy and Prognosis of Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Esophageal Cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (S3) ◽  
pp. 607-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koji Tanaka ◽  
Hiroshi Miyata ◽  
Makoto Yamasaki ◽  
Keijiro Sugimura ◽  
Tsuyoshi Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy

1495: Elevated Expression of Tumor-Associated Macrophages is Associated with Poor Prognosis of Human Prostate Cancer

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 483-483
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Takayama ◽  
Norio Nonomura ◽  
Daizo Oka ◽  
Masahiro Shiba ◽  
Yasuyuki Arai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Human Prostate ◽  
Human Prostate Cancer ◽  
Tumor Associated Macrophages ◽  
Elevated Expression

Impact of Synbiotics Treatment on the Bacterial Translocation Induced During Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Esophageal Cancer

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahide Fukaya ◽  
Yukihiro Yokoyama ◽  
Hiroaki Usui ◽  
Hironori Fujieda ◽  
Yayoi Sakatoku ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Bacterial Translocation

Targeting PKM2 promotes chemosensitivity of breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yu Wang ◽  
Han Zhao ◽  
Ping Zhao ◽  
Xingang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Tissues

BACKGROUND: Pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) was overexpressed in many cancers, and high PKM2 expression was related with poor prognosis and chemoresistance. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the expression of PKM2 in breast cancer and analyzed the relation of PKM2 expression with chemotherapy resistance to the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). We also investigated whether PKM2 could reverse chemoresistance in breast cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was performed in 130 surgical resected breast cancer tissues. 78 core needle biopsies were collected from breast cancer patients before neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The relation of PKM2 expression and multi-drug resistance to NAC was compared. The effect of PKM2 silencing or overexpression on Doxorubicin (DOX) sensitivity in the MCF-7 cells in vitro and in vivo was compared. RESULTS: PKM2 was intensively expressed in breast cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. In addition, high expression of PKM2 was associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. The NAC patients with high PKM2 expression had short survival. PKM2 was an independent prognostic predictor for surgical resected breast cancer and NAC patients. High PKM2 expression was correlated with neoadjuvant treatment resistance. High PKM2 expression significantly distinguished chemoresistant patients from chemosensitive patients. In vitro and in vivo knockdown of PKM2 expression decreases the resistance to DOX in breast cancer cells in vitro and tumors in vivo. CONCLUSION: PKM2 expression was associated with chemoresistance of breast cancers, and could be used to predict the chemosensitivity. Furthermore, targeting PKM2 could reverse chemoresistance, which provides an effective treatment methods for patients with breast cancer.

scholarly journals Tumor-associated macrophages: potential therapeutic strategies and future prospects in cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e001341
Author(s):  
Chunxiao Li ◽  
Xiaofei Xu ◽  
Shuhua Wei ◽  
Ping Jiang ◽  
Lixiang Xue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Tumor Immunotherapy ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Preclinical Studies ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Tumor Associated Macrophages

Macrophages are the most important phagocytes in vivo. However, the tumor microenvironment can affect the function and polarization of macrophages and form tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). Usually, the abundance of TAMs in tumors is closely associated with poor prognosis. Preclinical studies have identified important pathways regulating the infiltration and polarization of TAMs during tumor progression. Furthermore, potential therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs in tumors have been studied, including inhibition of macrophage recruitment to tumors, functional repolarization of TAMs toward an antitumor phenotype, and other therapeutic strategies that elicit macrophage-mediated extracellular phagocytosis and intracellular destruction of cancer cells. Therefore, with the increasing impact of tumor immunotherapy, new antitumor strategies to target TAMs are now being discussed.

scholarly journals Association between the nucleosome footprint of plasma DNA and neoadjuvant chemotherapy response for breast cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Yang ◽  
Geng-Xi Cai ◽  
Bo-Wei Han ◽  
Zhi-Wei Guo ◽  
Ying-Song Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cell Receptor ◽  
Chemotherapy Response ◽  
Breast Cancer Patients ◽  
Plasma Dna ◽  
Transcription Start Sites ◽  
Response To Chemotherapy

AbstractGene expression signatures have been used to predict the outcome of chemotherapy for breast cancer. The nucleosome footprint of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) carries gene expression information of the original tissues and thus may be used to predict the response to chemotherapy. Here we carried out the nucleosome positioning on cfDNA from 85 breast cancer patients and 85 healthy individuals and two cancer cell lines T-47D and MDA-MB-231 using low-coverage whole-genome sequencing (LCWGS) method. The patients showed distinct nucleosome footprints at Transcription Start Sites (TSSs) compared with normal donors. In order to identify the footprints of cfDNA corresponding with the responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients, we mapped on nucleosome positions on cfDNA of patients with different responses: responders (pretreatment, n = 28; post-1 cycle, post-3/4 cycles, and post-8 cycles of treatment, n = 12) and nonresponders (pretreatment, n = 10; post-1 cycle, post-3/4 cycles, and post-8 cycles of treatment, n = 10). The coverage depth near TSSs in plasma cfDNA differed significantly between responders and nonresponders at pretreatment, and also after neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment cycles. We identified 232 TSSs with differential footprints at pretreatment and 321 after treatment and found enrichment in Gene Ontology terms such as cell growth inhibition, tumor suppressor, necrotic cell death, acute inflammatory response, T cell receptor signaling pathway, and positive regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor production. These results suggest that cfDNA nucleosome footprints may be used to predict the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer patients and thus may provide help in decision making for individual patients.

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