Disentangling the Effects of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids from Other Components of a Mediterranean Diet on Serum Metabolite Profiles: A Randomized Fully Controlled Dietary Intervention in Healthy Subjects at Risk of the Metabolic Syndrome

Modification of lifestyle, including healthy nutrition, is the primary approach for metabolic syndrome (MetS) therapy. The aim of this study was to estimate how individual nutrition intervention affects the reduction of MetS components. Subjects diagnosed with MetS were recruited in the Lomza Medical Centre. The study group consisted of 90 participants and was divided into one intervention group (individual nutrition education group (INEG)) and one control group (CG). The research was conducted over 3 months. The following measurements were obtained during the first visit and after completion of the 3 months intervention: body mass, waist circumference, body composition, blood pressure, fasting glucose, and blood lipids. Dietary assessments were performed before and post-intervention using 3-day 24-h dietary recalls. Dietary knowledge was evaluated with the KomPAN questionnaire. The total polyphenol content of the diet was calculated. Sociodemographic and lifestyle characteristics were collected from a self-reported questionnaire. The physical activity was assessed by the short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). It was found that the individual nutrition education was an effective method to improve the knowledge, dietary habits, and physical activity of the study participants. The modification of the diet in terms of higher intake of polyphenols (flavonoids and anthocyanins), fiber, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), PUFA n-3, and lower intake of saturated fatty acids (SFA) had a significant impact on the improvement of some MetS risk factors (waist circumference, fasting glucose, and HDL-cholesterol).

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PP202-MON FOLLOW-UP ASSESSMENT OF BODY COMPOSITION IN SUBJECTS WITH THE METABOLIC SYNDROME DURING A 6-MONTH ISOCALORIC DIETARY INTERVENTION WITH NORDIC HEALTHY FOODS

Clinical Nutrition Supplements ◽

10.1016/s1744-1161(12)70541-0 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 218

Author(s):

L. Cloetens ◽

A. Johansson-Persson ◽

H. Helgegren ◽

M. Landin-Olsson ◽

M. Uusitupa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Composition ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Healthy Foods ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

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A Three-Month Consumption of Eggs Enriched with ω-3, ω-5 and ω-7 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Significantly Decreases the Waist Circumference of Subjects at Risk of Developing Metabolic Syndrome: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020663 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 663

Author(s):

Monique T. Ngo Njembe ◽

Barbara Pachikian ◽

Irina Lobysheva ◽

Nancy Van Overstraeten ◽

Louis Dejonghe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

At Risk ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Test Group ◽

Double Blind ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), rumenic acid (RmA), and punicic acid (PunA) are claimed to influence several physiological functions including insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism and inflammatory processes. In this double-blind randomized controlled trial, we investigated the combined effect of ALA, DHA, RmA and PunA on subjects at risk of developing metabolic syndrome. Twenty-four women and men were randomly assigned to two groups. Each day, they consumed two eggs enriched with oleic acid (control group) or enriched with ALA, DHA, RmA, and PunA (test group) for 3 months. The waist circumference decreased significantly (−3.17 cm; p < 0.001) in the test group. There were no major changes in plasma insulin and blood glucose in the two groups. The dietary treatments had no significant effect on endothelial function as measured by peripheral arterial tonometry, although erythrocyte nitrosylated hemoglobin concentrations tended to decrease. The high consumption of eggs induced significant elevations in plasma low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (p < 0.001), which did not result in any change in the LDL/HDL ratio in both groups. These results indicate that consumption of eggs enriched with ALA, DHA, RmA and PunA resulted in favorable changes in abdominal obesity without affecting other factors of the metabolic syndrome.

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Mediterranean diet for combating the metabolic syndrome

Atherosclerosis ◽

10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.05.027 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 218 (2) ◽

pp. 290-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jane Stock

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Mediterranean Diet ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome

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Effect ofBifidobacterium lactisHN019 on inflammatory markers and oxidative stress in subjects with and without the metabolic syndrome

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114518001861 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 120 (6) ◽

pp. 645-652 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Luciana J. Bernini ◽

Andréa N. Colado Simão ◽

Cínthia H. B. de Souza ◽

Daniela F. Alfieri ◽

Liliane G. Segura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Antioxidant Defenses ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

Baseline Values ◽

And Oxidative Stress

AbstractBeneficial effects of probiotics have been reported on body weight, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, inflammatory state and oxidative stress in healthy subjects and in many metabolic and inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects ofBifidobacterium lactisHN019 on inflammatory state and nitro-oxidative stress in patients with and without the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The usual diets of the thirty-three subjects were supplemented with probiotic milk for 90 d. Inflammatory markers and oxidative measurements were performed. In relation to the baseline values, subjects in both groups showed a decrease in homocysteine (P=0·02 andP=0·03, respectively), hydroperoxides (P=0·02 andP=0·01, respectively) and IL-6 levels (P=0·02). Increases in adiponectin (P=0·04) and nitric oxide metabolites (NOx,P=0·001) levels were only seen in the group with the MetS in relation to the baseline values, whereas only the individuals without the MetS had increases in total radical-trapping antioxidant parameter levels (P=0·002). In conclusion,B. lactisHN019 have several beneficial effects on inflammatory and oxidative biomarkers in healthy subjects and the MetS patients. Patients with the MetS showed a specific improvement in adiponectin and NOx levels, whereas a specific favourable effect was shown in the antioxidant defenses in healthy subjects. If the results obtained in the present study are confirmed, supplementation of fermented milk with probiotics in healthy subjects and patients with the MetS must be further discussed.

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Total and Subtypes of Dietary Fat Intake and Its Association with Components of the Metabolic Syndrome in a Mediterranean Population at High Cardiovascular Risk

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11071493 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1493 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Alicia Julibert ◽

Maria Bibiloni ◽

Cristina Bouzas ◽

Miguel Martínez-González ◽

Jordi Salas-Salvadó ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Fatty Acids ◽

Dietary Fat ◽

Saturated Fatty Acids ◽

Mediterranean Population ◽

Fat Intake ◽

Cvd Risk ◽

Dietary Fat Intake ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Total Fat

Background: The effect of dietary fat intake on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and in turn on cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains unclear in individuals at high CVD risk. Objective: To assess the association between fat intake and MetS components in an adult Mediterranean population at high CVD risk. Design: Baseline assessment of nutritional adequacy in participants (n = 6560, men and women, 55–75 years old, with overweight/obesity and MetS) in the PREvención con DIeta MEDiterránea (PREDIMED)-Plus randomized trial. Methods: Assessment of fat intake (total fat, monounsatured fatty acids: MUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids: PUFA, saturated fatty acids: SFA, trans-fatty acids: trans-FA, linoleic acid, α-linolenic acid, and ω-3 FA) using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and diet quality using 17-item Mediterranean dietary questionnaire and fat quality index (FQI). Results: Participants in the highest quintile of total dietary fat intake showed lower intake of energy, carbohydrates, protein and fiber, but higher intake of PUFA, MUFA, SFA, TFA, LA, ALA and ω-3 FA. Differences in MetS components were found according to fat intake. Odds (5th vs. 1st quintile): hyperglycemia: 1.3–1.6 times higher for total fat, MUFA, SFA and ω-3 FA intake; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c): 1.2 higher for LA; hypertriglyceridemia: 0.7 lower for SFA and ω-3 FA intake. Conclusions: Dietary fats played different role on MetS components of high CVD risk patients. Dietary fat intake was associated with higher risk of hyperglycemia.

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The Fetal Origins of the Metabolic Syndrome: Can We Intervene?

Journal of Pregnancy ◽

10.1155/2012/482690 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Noelle Ma ◽

Daniel B. Hardy

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Critical Factor ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Fetal Life ◽

Fetal Origins ◽

The Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Neonatal Life

Epidemiological studies have suggested that metabolic programming begins during fetal life and adverse eventsin uteroare a critical factor in the etiology of chronic diseases and overall health. While the underlying molecular mechanisms linking impaired fetal development to these adult diseases are being elucidated, little is known about how we can intervene early in life to diminish the incidence and severity of these long-term diseases. This paper highlights the latest clinical and pharmaceutical studies addressing how dietary intervention in fetal and neonatal life may be able to prevent aspects of the metabolic syndrome associated with IUGR pregnancies.

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