The cross sectional area of diaphragmatic muscle fibres in emphysema, measured by an automated image analysis system

1976 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. M. Scott ◽  
Joyce Hoy
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diaphragmatic Muscle ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Analysis System

Application of Image Analysis System for Study of Activated Sludge Flocs

1986 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da-hong Li ◽  
J. J. Ganczarczyk
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Image Analysis System ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Computerized Image Analysis ◽  
Sludge Flocs ◽  
Analysis System

Abstract The computerized image analysis system has been successfully used for determination and statistical processing of the following geometric characteristics of activated sludge flocs: longest dimension, breadth, equivalent diameter, cross-sectional area, perimeter, elongation, and circularity. These parameters could be effectively and precisely determined by the system applied. In addition, the studied method, as compared to direct microscope observation and photography floc-sizing methods, was found to be more accurate, less time-consuming, and less dependent on the investigators.

scholarly journals Yeast Morphology Assessment through Automated Image Analysis during Fermentation

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Mario Guadalupe-Daqui ◽  
Mandi Chen ◽  
Katherine A. Thompson-Witrick ◽  
Andrew J. MacIntosh
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Cell Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Industrial Fermentation

The kinetics and success of an industrial fermentation are dependent upon the health of the microorganism(s) responsible. Saccharomyces sp. are the most commonly used organisms in food and beverage production; consequently, many metrics of yeast health and stress have been previously correlated with morphological changes to fermentations kinetics. Many researchers and industries use machine vision to count yeast and assess health through dyes and image analysis. This study assessed known physical differences through automated image analysis taken throughout ongoing high stress fermentations at various temperatures (30 °C and 35 °C). Measured parameters included sugar consumption rate, number of yeast cells in suspension, yeast cross-sectional area, and vacuole cross-sectional area. The cell morphological properties were analyzed automatically using ImageJ software and validated using manual assessment. It was found that there were significant changes in cell area and ratio of vacuole to cell area over the fermentation. These changes were temperature dependent. The changes in morphology have implications for rates of cellular reactions and efficiency within industrial fermentation processes. The use of automated image analysis to quantify these parameters is possible using currently available systems and will provide additional tools to enhance our understanding of the fermentation process.

The Effect of Knee Injury on the Number of Muscle Fibres in the Human Quadriceps Femoris

1982 ◽  
Vol 62 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Young ◽  
I. Hughes ◽  
J. M. Round ◽  
R. H. T. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Knee Injury ◽  
Quadriceps Muscle ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Thigh Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibres ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fibre Area ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Fibre Atrophy

1. By means of ultrasound scanning, bilateral measurements of the cross-sectional area of the quadriceps muscle group were made in 14 young adults with unilateral thigh muscle wasting after knee injury. Needle biopsy specimens from the lateral mass of the muscle were used to estimate the myofibre cross-sectional area for both quadriceps of each subject. 2. The cross-sectional area of the quadriceps of each patient's injured limb was always smaller than that of the contralateral muscle. The wasting was largely localized to the quadriceps, with relative sparing of the other thigh muscles. 3. None of the biopsies showed any abnormality apart from a reduction in fibre size. In each case, the injured limb's reduced quadriceps cross-sectional area was associated with a reduced mean fibre area. 4. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of a muscle to its mean fibre area is a function of the number of fibres it contains. The ratio varied considerably from patient to patient but there was close agreement between the values obtained for the two limbs of each patient. 5. The quadriceps wasting produced by knee injury was due to muscle fibre atrophy. There was no evidence for a change in the number of fibres in the muscle.

A Double Fluorescence Staining Protocol to Determine the Cross-Sectional Area of Myofibers Using Image Analysis

1996 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. E. Mozdziak ◽  
T. A. Fassel ◽  
E. Schultz ◽  
M. L. Greaser ◽  
And R. G. Cassens
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Fluorescence Staining ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Staining Protocol ◽  
The Cross

Automated Image Analysis Of Nuclear And Cytoplasmic Changes In Exfoliated Cells From Tracheas Treated With Carcinogen

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 220-221
Author(s):  
S.F. Stinson ◽  
J.C. Lilga ◽  
M.B. Sporn
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Automated Image Analysis ◽  
Image Analyzer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exfoliated Cells ◽  
Neoplastic Lesions ◽  
Analysis System ◽  
Morphologic Criterion

Increased nuclear size, resulting in an increase in the relative proportion of nuclear to cytoplasmic sizes, is an important morphologic criterion for the evaluation of neoplastic and pre-neoplastic cells. This paper describes investigations into the suitability of automated image analysis for quantitating changes in nuclear and cytoplasmic cross-sectional areas in exfoliated cells from tracheas treated with carcinogen.Neoplastic and pre-neoplastic lesions were induced in the tracheas of Syrian hamsters with the carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Cytology samples were collected intra-tracheally with a specially designed catheter (1) and stained by a modified Papanicolaou technique. Three cytology specimens were selected from animals with normal tracheas, 3 from animals with dysplastic changes, and 3 from animals with epidermoid carcinoma. One hundred randomly selected cells on each slide were analyzed with a Bausch and Lomb Pattern Analysis System automated image analyzer.

scholarly journals Atrophy patterns in isolated subscapularis lesions

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gernot Seppel ◽  
Andreas Voss ◽  
Daniel J. H. Henderson ◽  
Simone Waldt ◽  
Bernhard Haller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Subscapularis Muscle ◽  
Mri Scans ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Cross

Abstract Background While supraspinatus atrophy can be described according to the system of Zanetti or Thomazeau there is still a lack of characterization of isolated subscapularis muscle atrophy. The aim of this study was to describe patterns of muscle atrophy following repair of isolated subscapularis (SSC) tendon. Methods Forty-nine control shoulder MRI scans, without rotator cuff pathology, atrophy or fatty infiltration, were prospectively evaluated and subscapularis diameters as well as cross sectional areas (complete and upper half) were assessed in a standardized oblique sagittal plane. Calculation of the ratio between the upper half of the cross sectional area (CSA) and the total CSA was performed. Eleven MRI scans of patients with subscapularis atrophy following isolated subscapularis tendon tears were analysed and cross sectional area ratio (upper half /total) determined. To guarantee reliable measurement of the CSA and its ratio, bony landmarks were also defined. All parameters were statistically compared for inter-rater reliability, reproducibility and capacity to quantify subscapularis atrophy. Results The mean age in the control group was 49.7 years (± 15.0). The mean cross sectional area (CSA) was 2367.0 mm2 (± 741.4) for the complete subscapularis muscle and 1048.2 mm2 (± 313.3) for the upper half, giving a mean ratio of 0.446 (± 0.046). In the subscapularis repair group the mean age was 56.7 years (± 9.3). With a mean cross sectional area of 1554.7 mm2 (± 419.9) for the complete and of 422.9 mm2 (± 173.6) for the upper half of the subscapularis muscle, giving a mean CSA ratio of 0.269 (± 0.065) which was seen to be significantly lower than that of the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion Analysis of typical atrophy patterns of the subscapularis muscle demonstrates that the CSA ratio represents a reliable and reproducible assessment tool in quantifying subscapularis atrophy. We propose the classification of subscapularis atrophy as Stage I (mild atrophy) in case of reduction of the cross sectional area ratio < 0.4, Stage II (moderate atrophy) in case of < 0.35 and Stage III (severe atrophy) if < 0.3.

The area of eye muscle of beef cattle carcasses

1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
pp. 249
Author(s):  
RM Seebeck
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Muscle Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eye Muscle ◽  
Angus Cattle ◽  
The Cross

Variations in the cross-sectional area of eye muscle of carcasses cut between the tenth and eleventh ribs were investigated, using 105 Hereford and 51 Angus steers aged 20 months. These cattle consisted of three groups, born in successive years. At constant carcass weight, statistically significant differences in eye muscle area were found between breeds and between years. Breed and year differences were also found in eye muscle area with width and depth of eye muscle constant, so that there are limitations to the estimation of eye muscle area from width and depth measurements. A nomograph is given for estimating eye muscle area from width and depth for Hereford and Angus cattle, when all animals are reared in the same year and environment. The use of eye muscle area as an indicator of weight of carcass muscle is discussed.

Comparison of the Cross Sectional Area, the Loss in Volume and the Mechanical Properties of LAE442 and MgCa0.8 as Resorbable Magnesium Alloy Implants after 12 Months Implantation Duration

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 675-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Thomann ◽  
Nina von der Höh ◽  
Dirk Bormann ◽  
Dina Rittershaus ◽  
C. Krause ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Initial Strength ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
The Cross

Current research focuses on magnesium based alloys in the course of searching a resorbable osteosynthetic material which provides sufficient mechanical properties besides a good biocompatibility. Previous studies reported on a favorable biocompatibility of the alloys LAE442 and MgCa0.8. The present study compared the degradation process of cylindrical LAE442 and MgCa0.8 implants after 12 months implantation duration. Therefore, 10 extruded implants (2.5 x 25 mm, cross sectional area 4.9 mm²) of both alloys were implanted into the medullary cavity of both tibiae of rabbits for 12 months. After euthanization, the right bone-implant-compound was scanned in a µ-computed tomograph (µCT80, ScancoMedical) and nine uniformly distributed cross-sections of each implant were used to determine the residual implants´ cross sectional area (Software AxioVisionRelease 4.5, Zeiss). Left implants were taken out of the bone carefully. After weighing, a three-point bending test was carried out. LAE442 implants degraded obviously slower and more homogeneously than MgCa0.8. The mean residual cross sectional area of LAE442 implants was 4.7 ± 0.07 mm². MgCa0.8 showed an area of only 2.18 ± 1.03 mm². In contrast, the loss in volume of LAE442 pins was more obvious. They lost 64 % of their initial weight. The volume of MgCa0.8 reduced clearly to 54.4 % which corresponds to the cross sectional area results. Three point bending tests revealed that LAE442 showed a loss in strength of 71.2 % while MgCa0.8 lost 85.6 % of its initial strength. All results indicated that LAE442 implants degraded slowly, probably due to the formation of a very obvious degradation layer. Degradation of MgCa0.8 implants was far advanced.

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