Virus transcript levels and cell growth rates after naturally occurring
            HPV16
            integration events in basal cervical keratinocytes

ABSTRACTBacterial cellulose (BC) has a range of structural and physicochemical properties that make it a particularly useful material for the culture of bacteria. We studied the growth of 14 genera of bacteria on BC substrates produced byAcetobacter xylinumand compared the results to growth on the commercially available biopolymers agar, gellan, and xanthan. We demonstrate that BC produces rates of bacterial cell growth that typically exceed those on the commercial biopolymers and yields cultures with higher titers of cells at stationary phase. The morphology of the cells did not change during growth on BC. The rates of nutrient diffusion in BC being higher than those in other biopolymers is likely a primary factor that leads to higher growth rates. Collectively, our results suggest that the use of BC may open new avenues in microbiology by facilitating bacterial cell culture and isolation.

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Evolutionary Systems Biology integration of multi-level CTMC interaction models of biochemistry and cancer cell growth using Evolvix.

10.7287/peerj.preprints.3371 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jocelyn R Meyer ◽

Elaine Alarid ◽

Laurence Loewe

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Cell Growth ◽

Cancer Cell ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Population Variation ◽

Mass Action ◽

Model Description ◽

Estrogen Metabolism ◽

Cancer Cell Growth ◽

Multi Level

While biochemistry evidently affects the growth rate of cells, many biochemists routinely ignore population variation, just like population geneticists usually ignore causal details of biochemistry that underpin a change in growth rate caused by a mutation. A true EvoSysBio integration requires an explicit mechanism for how molecular reaction rates affect the reproduction rates that determine the fitness of an organism. Here we simulate a very simple and completely explicit Continuous-Time Markov Chain (CTMC) model of cancer cells whose growth rate is affected by the biochemical equilibrium between two molecular complexes. Approximately 70% of breast cancers are of a type that overexpress Estrogen Receptor-alpha (ERα). Cell growth in this type of cancer is inhibited by hormonal therapies that antagonize ERα function as a transcription factor. ERα is encoded by the ESR1 gene, which itself is a target of ERα mediated transcription. When activated by estrogen, ERα binds to the ESR1 promoter, repressing new synthesis of ERα protein. Estrogen binding also induces pathways that lead to degradation of ERα protein. This negative feedback loop is finely tuned to natural levels of estrogen and results in natural levels of growth. In breast cancer, the system is thrown off its natural course such that increased levels of ERα induce levels of cell growth that can lead to cancer. Thus, both genetic changes to the ESR1 promoter, ERα protein degradation, and biochemical changes in estrogen metabolism can effectively cause changes in cell growth rates, which can be seen as the ‘fitness’ of a cancer cell. Predicting cancer cell growth in this system raises a conceptual multi-level simulation problem, because the molecular aspects of this model need to compute the biochemistry in a way that influences growth rates at the cellular level, without resetting growth at each cell division. We present progress towards addressing this simulation challenge in pure mass-action models, which we implemented using the Evolvix model description language. We found that such models can be constructed in more than one way. We explored some candidate model properties that could aid efforts to develop abstractions for more efficiently simulating the common multi-level modeling problems behind many important biological questions. These efforts are ongoing and aim to find efficient ways of encoding and exploring such models in silico. In particular, we are investigating how architecting a new compiler for a general-purpose programming language for biology could improve the efficiency of analyzing the dynamic multi-level simulation scenarios that characterize many questions in EvoSysBio. Progress can be followed at http://evolvix.org.

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Microbial Synthesis of Non-Natural Anthraquinone Glucosides Displaying Superior Antiproliferative Properties

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules23092171 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (9) ◽

pp. 2171 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Trang Nguyen ◽

Ramesh Pandey ◽

Prakash Parajuli ◽

Jang Han ◽

Hye Jung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Growth ◽

Biological Activities ◽

Uterine Cervical Cancer ◽

Cell Growth Inhibition ◽

Microbial Synthesis ◽

E Coli ◽

Anticancer Effects ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Spectroscopic Analyses ◽

Proliferative Assay

Anthraquinones, naturally occurring bioactive compounds, have been reported to exhibit various biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects. In this study, we biotransformed three selected anthraquinones into their novel O-glucoside derivatives, expressing a versatile glycosyltransferase (YjiC) from Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 in Escherichia coli. Anthraflavic acid, alizarin, and 2-amino-3-hydroxyanthraquinone were exogenously fed to recombinant E. coli as substrate for biotransformation. The products anthraflavic acid-O-glucoside, alizarin 2-O-β-d-glucoside, and 2-amino-3-O-glucosyl anthraquinone produced in the culture broths were characterized by various chromatographic and spectroscopic analyses. The comparative anti-proliferative assay against various cancer cells (gastric cancer-AGS, uterine cervical cancer-HeLa, and liver cancer-HepG2) were remarkable, since the synthesized glucoside compounds showed more than 60% of cell growth inhibition at concentrations ranging from ~50 μM to 100 μM. Importantly, one of the synthesized glucoside derivatives, alizarin 2-O-glucoside inhibited more than 90% of cell growth in all the cancer cell lines tested.

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Fish cell growth rates

In Vitro ◽

10.1007/bf02619003 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 42-45 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

John A. Plumb ◽

Ken Wolf

Keyword(s):

Cell Growth ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Fish Cell

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Naturally occurring ether-linked phosphatidylcholine activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and stimulates cell growth

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry ◽

10.1002/jcb.240550116 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 55 (1) ◽

pp. 146-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Siniti Misra ◽

Amitabha Ghosh ◽

Lyuba Varticovski

Keyword(s):

Cell Growth ◽

Phosphatidylinositol 3 Kinase ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Phosphatidylinositol 3

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Tumor targeting profiling of hyaluronan-coated lipid based-nanoparticles

Nanoscale ◽

10.1039/c3nr06102g ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (7) ◽

pp. 3742-3752 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Shoshy Mizrahy ◽

Meir Goldsmith ◽

Shani Leviatan-Ben-Arye ◽

Einat Kisin-Finfer ◽

Orit Redy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cell Growth ◽

Embryonic Development ◽

Tumor Targeting ◽

Tumor Development ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

Healing Processes

Hyaluronan (HA), a naturally occurring high Mw (HMw) glycosaminoglycan, has been shown to play crucial roles in cell growth, embryonic development, healing processes, inflammation, and tumor development and progression.

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