Optimism, perceived control over stress, and coping

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin R. Fontaine ◽  
Antony S. R. Manstead ◽  
Hugh Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Perceived Control ◽  
Control Measure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Positive Reinterpretation ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Orientation Test

To examine the ability of the expectancy‐based personality dimensions dispositional optimism and perceived control over stress to predict the ways in which people characteristically attempt to cope with stress, 420 undergraduate students completed the Life Orientation Test (LOT; Scheier and Carver, 1985), a measure of perceived control over stress, and the dispositional version of the COPE Inventory (Carver, Scheier and Weintraub, 1989). The results revealed a modest but reliable positive correlation between optimism and the perceived control measure. Principal‐components analysis of the COPE revealed a factor structure which was generally in accord with prior research. Optimism was positively correlated with active coping and positive reinterpretation, and negatively correlated with focusing on and venting of emotion. Perceived control over stress was negatively correlated with behavioural disengagement. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals The Role of Optimism in Stress and Coping of Undergraduate Students in Goa

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian Pacheco ◽  
Dr. Shanmukh V. Kamble
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Coping With Stress ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Positive Reinterpretation ◽  
Instrumental Social Support ◽  
And Coping

The present study was designed to study the relationship between optimism, stress and coping with stress. The sample for the study comprised of 500 undergraduate students from colleges in Goa. Three measures—‘Life Orientation Test-Revised’ by Scheier & Carver (1994), ‘Perceived Stress Scale’ by Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein (1983), and ‘COPE’ by Carver, Scheier, & Weintraub (1989) were administered to participants. The findings of the research indicate a moderate negative relationship between optimism and stress. Optimism was found to be positively related to positive reinterpretation and growth, use of instrumental social support, active coping, acceptance, suppression of competing activities, and planning, and negatively related to mental disengagement, behavioural disengagement, focus on and venting of emotions, denial, and religious coping.

scholarly journals Optimisme Disposisional dan Pengukurannya pada Orang Usia Lanjut

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Indra Yohanes Kiling ◽  
Yunita Marcelini Manafe ◽  
Beatriks Novianti Bunga
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Vulnerable Group ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Positive Attribute ◽  
Orientation Test

The elderly as a vulnerable group of people in the community has various physical, psychological and social adversities in their life. In this age, someone who is of old age should have a positive attribute that could help the person to achieve a life with quality. Dispositional optimism is an individual’s positive attribute that could give a positive impact to elderly people. This paper reviewed theories related to dispositional optimism by reviewing existing literature. Indicators and measurement of dispositional optimism also discussed in this paper. Dispositional optimism theory was reviewed from the perspective of the initial founder of the theory and then further looked at its development in global application. Indicators of dispositional optimism were discussed to further understand the process of measurement of the concept itself. The measurement of dispositional optimism was often referred to as the Life Orientation Test scale, which was developed into various kinds of similar tests in order to use the test in other settings. The discussion in this paper hopefully could provide knowledge regarding dispositional optimism in elderly people especially future research in an Indonesian setting.

scholarly journals Association of Optimism and Perceived Stress among Young Adults

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritika Joshi ◽  
Pragya Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Relationship

Optimism is a part of positive psychology which leads to better adaptive and coping skills and reduced stress level in an individual. The aim of the present research was to study the association of optimism and perceived stress among young adults. The sample consisted of 170 young adults (79 males and 91 females) within the age range of 18 to 25 years. Purposive sampling technique was employed for collecting the data. The Perceived stress scale-10 (PSS; Cohen, Kamarack & Marmelstein, 1983) and Life Orientation Test- Revised (Scheir, Carver, & Bridges, 1994) was used for measuring perceived stress and optimism respectively. Correlation and t-test was found using IBM SPSS software. Findings suggested that optimism was negatively correlated with perceived stress. Females were found to score significantly higher on perceived stress levels than males. While the gender difference in optimism level was reported to be insignificant. Future research needs to be conducted on the relationship between gender and levels of optimism.

scholarly journals Association of Optimism and Perceived Stress among Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritika Joshi ◽  
Pragya Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Relationship

Optimism is a part of positive psychology which leads to better adaptive and coping skills and reduced stress level in an individual. The aim of the present research was to study the association of optimism and perceived stress among young adults. The sample consisted of 170 young adults (79 males and 91 females) within the age range of 18 to 25 years. Purposive sampling technique was employed for collecting the data. The Perceived stress scale-10 (PSS; Cohen, Kamarack & Marmelstein, 1983) and Life Orientation Test- Revised (Scheir, Carver, & Bridges, 1994) was used for measuring perceived stress and optimism respectively. Correlation and t-test was found using IBM SPSS software. Findings suggested that optimism was negatively correlated with perceived stress. Females were found to score significantly higher on perceived stress levels than males. While the gender difference in optimism level was reported to be insignificant. Future research needs to be conducted on the relationship between gender and levels of optimism.

Dispositional Optimism and Coping with Academic Examinations

1996 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian C. L. Lai ◽  
Wendy Wan
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Dispositional Optimism ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
Cognitive Avoidance ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Orientation Test

Correlations between scores on dispositional optimism and four categories of coping strategies for academic examinations for a group of 248 Hong Kong undergraduates were .25 for Self-encouragement and -.20 for Cognitive Avoidance. These results lend partial support to the association of adaptive coping and optimism, measured by the Life Orientation Test.

Optimismus und Pessimismus bei Vorschulkindern

Diagnostica ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-74
Author(s):  
Sakari Lemola ◽  
Antje von Suchodoletz ◽  
Katri Räikkönen ◽  
Catherine Gunzenhauser
Keyword(s):  
Screening Instrument ◽  
Sich Eine ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Orientation Test

Zusammenfassung. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist die Untersuchung der psychometrischen Eigenschaften, faktoriellen Struktur und konvergenten Validität der deutschsprachigen Version des Parent Rated Life Orientation Test of Children (PLOT) zur Messung von Optimismus und Pessimismus bei 4 bis 6-jährigen Vorschulkindern. Eltern von 145 Kindergartenkindern (77 Mädchen; Alter: M = 5.0, SD = 0.6 Jahre) schätzten Optimismus und Pessimismus sowie Emotionsregulation der Kinder ein. Außerdem wurde das Problemverhalten der Kinder (Eltern- und Erzieherinneneinschätzung) erfasst. Konsistent zu Studien mit Schulkindern und Jugendlichen zeigte sich eine zweidimensionale Faktorenstruktur mit einem Optimismus- und einem Pessimismusfaktor. Die Ergebnisse ergaben theoriekonforme Zusammenhänge mit Problemverhalten und Emotionsregulation der Kinder. Insgesamt weisen die gefundenen Reliabilitäts- und Validitätswerte auf eine gute Verwendbarkeit des PLOT bei Vorschulkindern hin. Das neue Messverfahren kann einen Beitrag zum besseren Verständnis von Zukunftserwartungen bei Vorschulkindern leisten und als Screening-Instrument zur Identifikation von Kindern mit einem Entwicklungsrisiko dienen.

Revised Life Orientation Test

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Scheier ◽  
Charles S. Carver ◽  
Michael W. Bridges
Keyword(s):  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Orientation Test

Autoconcepto, ansiedad y comprensión lectora en estudiantes de educación secundaria

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
Héctor Alvarado Collantes ◽  
Ángela María Herrera Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Orientation Test

El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo determinar la relación existente entre autoconepto personal, nivel de ansiedad y comprensión lectora en estudiantes de educación secundaria. El diseño que se reporta es descriptivo correlacional. La muestra estuvo constituida por 260 estudiantes varones y mujeres del VII ciclo de educación secundaria del colegio N°0025, del distrito de Ate, de la Urbanización San Gregorio, a quienes se les aplicaron los siguientes instrumentos: el cuestionario de autoconcepto personal (APE) de Eider Goñi Palacios (2009); la escala de ansiedad, el LOT, y el LOT-R; Life Orientation Test, de Sheier, Carver y Bridges (1994); y la prueba de comprensión lectora de Cabanillas (2004). A partir del análisis de los resultados, se concluye que existe una relación significativa entre autoconcepto personal, nivel de ansiedad y comprensión lectora en estudiantes de educación secundaria.

The effects of optimism on self-framing and risky decision making

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ran Zhang ◽  
Luming Zhao ◽  
Lin Wu ◽  
Hongxu Chen ◽  
Gaoxing Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Framing Effect ◽  
Risky Decision Making ◽  
Risky Decision ◽  
Life Orientation Test ◽  
Life Orientation ◽  
Risk Seeking ◽  
Behavioral Decision Making ◽  
Behavioral Decision ◽  
Orientation Test

The framing effect is a key topic that has been insufficiently studied in research on behavioral decision making. In our study we explored the effects of optimism on self-framing and risky decision making. Participants were 416 undergraduates who responded to the Life Orientation Test and a self-framing test based on the Asian disease problem. The results demonstrate that, compared with people low in optimism, highly optimistic individuals tended to use more positive words to describe problems, generate more positive frames, and choose more risky options. There was also a significant self-framing effect: Participants with a negative frame tended to be risk-seeking, whereas those with a positive frame tended to avoid risks. Additionally, selfframing suppressed the effect of optimism on risky decision making. We can conclude that optimism has significant effects on self-framing and risky decision making.

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