Agitation and despair in relation to parents: activating emotional suffering in transference

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Reznik ◽  
Susan M. Andersen
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Relational Self ◽  
Significant Other ◽  
Emotional Suffering ◽  
The Social ◽  
Self Discrepancy ◽  
Ought Self

Affect and motivation are known to arise in the social‐cognitive process transference, which occurs when a new person minimally resembles a significant other, implicitly activating the mental representation of this significant other (Andersen, Reznik, & Manzella, 1996) and indirectly, the relational self (i.e. Andersen & Chen, 2002). Triggering the significant‐other representation should also indirectly activate any self‐discrepancy held from this other's perspective, resulting in shifts in discrete affect and self‐regulation. Participants (n = 110; 34 men, 76 women) with an actual‐ideal or actual‐ought self‐discrepancy from their parent's perspective (Higgins, 1987) learned about a new person who did or did not minimally resemble this parent. As predicted, this evoked positive evaluation of the new person, that is, a positive transference, and yet, as a function of self‐discrepancy, also increased discrete negative mood with ideal‐discrepant individuals becoming more dejected and ought‐discrepant individuals more hostile and less calm. Self‐regulatory focus shifted as well in terms of motivation to avoid emotional closeness. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Theoretical Overview

2017 ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Kari M. Eddington ◽  
Timothy J. Strauman ◽  
Angela Z. Vieth ◽  
Gregory G. Kolden
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Self Evaluation ◽  
System Therapy ◽  
Motivational Process ◽  
Core Concepts ◽  
Self Discrepancy ◽  
Ought Self ◽  
The Ideal

Chapter 2 introduces the theory underlying self-system therapy (SST). The terminology and concepts of SST are clarified for therapists and their clients. Self-regulation is a motivational process involving ongoing comparisons between the actual self (i.e., the person I am) and the ideal self (i.e., the person I want to be) or ought self (i.e., the person I should be). Self-beliefs are characteristics that define the actual self, and self-guides are characteristics that define the ideal and ought selves. SST’s core concepts include self-discrepancy and regulatory focus, and the chapter discusses how those concepts relate to goal pursuit, self-evaluation, characteristic orientations, and depression.

Financial Self-Efficacy and the Saving Behavior of JFCP_29_2_A15_357-368-Retirees

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah D. Asebedo ◽  
Martin C. Seay
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Saving Behavior ◽  
Financial Characteristics ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Retirement Study

This study investigates the relationship between financial self-efficacy (FSE) and saving behavior within a sample of 847 U.S. pre-retirees aged 50 to 70 from the Health and Retirement Study. In accordance with the social cognitive theory of self-regulation, results revealed that FSE is positively related to saving behavior after controlling for sociodemographic attributes, financial characteristics, and saving motives. Understanding how FSE contributes to saving behavior is critical as older workers attempt to bridge the retirement saving gap. Financial counselors and planners can help this population save by cultivating and supporting clients’ FSE throughout the financial planning and counseling process.

scholarly journals A Case Study of Critical Thinking Cultivation Based on Social Cognitive Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-900
Author(s):  
Guo Zhe
Keyword(s):  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Social Cognitive Theory ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Cognitive Theory ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Chinese Higher Education ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
The Social ◽  
English Major ◽  
Behavioural Factors

How to cultivate critical thinking (CT) is considered as one of the most important goals of Chinese higher education over the years. However, many Chinese scholars have shown their concern on "CT Deficiency" after assessing CT skills of English majors in many universities. Thus, the affecting factors of CT development has been investigated from the perspective of the social cognitive theory by a detailed analysis of an English major with comparatively strong CT ability, attempting to find approaches to CT cultivation. After the qualitative analysis of reflection diaries and several interviews, the findings indicate that CT is shaped by the interaction of the environmental, individual and behavioural factors. Leaners can employ the strategies as interpretation, planning and implementation, self-regulation and adjustment, and reflection to facilitate the interaction

Self-Regulated Strategy Development: Relationship to the Social-Cognitive Perspective and the Development of Self-Regulation

2006 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer R. Zito ◽  
Mary Adkins ◽  
Marva Gavins ◽  
Karen R. Harris ◽  
Steve Graham
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Strategy Development ◽  
Cognitive Perspective ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals Neural Correlates of Promotion and Prevention Goal Activation: An fMRI Study using an Idiographic Approach

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1152-1162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kari M. Eddington ◽  
Florin Dolcos ◽  
Roberto Cabeza ◽  
K. Ranga R. Krishnan ◽  
Timothy J. Strauman
Keyword(s):  
Regulatory Focus ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Neural Substrates ◽  
Cortical Activation ◽  
Goal Activation ◽  
Fmri Study ◽  
Idiographic Approach ◽  
Goal Priming

Regulatory focus theory [Higgins, E. T. Beyond pleasure and pain. American Psychologist, 52, 1280–1300, 1997] postulates two social-cognitive motivational systems, the promotion and prevention systems, for self-regulation of goal pursuit. However, the neural substrates of promotion and prevention goal activation remain unclear. Drawing on several literatures, we hypothesized that priming promotion versus prevention goals would activate areas in the left versus right prefrontal cortex (PFC), respectively, and that activation in these areas would be correlated with individual differences in chronic regulatory focus. Sixteen participants underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging while engaged in a depth-of-processing task, during which they were exposed incidentally to their own promotion and prevention goals. Task-related cortical activation was consistent with previous studies. At the same time, incidental priming of promotion goals was associated with left orbital PFC activation, and activation in this area was stronger for individuals with a chronic promotion focus. Findings regarding prevention goal priming were not consistent with predictions. The data illustrate the centrality of self-regulation and personal goal pursuit within the multilayered process of social cognition.

Social Cognition in Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-249
Author(s):  
Ronja Weiblen ◽  
Melanie Jonas ◽  
Sören Krach ◽  
Ulrike M. Krämer
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Mirror Neuron System ◽  
Mirror Neuron ◽  
Theoretical Work ◽  
Neural Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Decision Making System ◽  
Social Decision Making ◽  
Work Done

Abstract. Research on the neural mechanisms underlying Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) has mostly concentrated on abnormalities in basal ganglia circuits. Recent alternative accounts, however, focused more on social and affective aspects. Individuals with GTS show peculiarities in their social and affective domain, including echophenomena, coprolalia, and nonobscene socially inappropriate behavior. This article reviews the experimental and theoretical work done on the social symptoms of GTS. We discuss the role of different social cognitive and affective functions and associated brain networks, namely, the social-decision-making system, theory-of-mind functions, and the so-called “mirror-neuron” system. Although GTS affects social interactions in many ways, and although the syndrome includes aberrant social behavior, the underlying cognitive, affective, and neural processes remain to be investigated.

Collective Human Agency in the Context of Organizational Participation

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wolfgang Georg Weber ◽  
Hans Jeppe Jeppesen
Keyword(s):  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Social Cognitive ◽  
Work Motivation ◽  
Human Agency ◽  
Employee Participation ◽  
Ecological Approach ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Organizational Decision Making ◽  
Organizational Participation ◽  
The Social

Abstract. Connecting the social cognitive approach of human agency by Bandura (1997) and activity theory by Leontiev (1978) , this paper proposes a new theoretical framework for analyzing and understanding employee participation in organizational decision-making. Focusing on the social cognitive concepts of self-reactiveness, self-reflectiveness, intentionality, and forethought, commonalities, complementarities, and differences between both theories are explained. Efficacy in agency is conceived as a cognitive foundation of work motivation, whereas the mediation of societal requirements and resources through practical activity is conceptualized as an ecological approach to motivation. Additionally, we discuss to which degree collective objectifications can be understood as material indicators of employees’ collective efficacy. By way of example, we explore whether an integrated application of concepts from both theories promotes a clearer understanding of mechanisms connected to the practice of employee participation.

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