Adolescents' interactions with the opposite sex: Influence of attachment style and gender

1993 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. Feeney ◽  
Patricia Noller ◽  
Janice Patty
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Sex Influence ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Twinship as a Resource: Zygosity- and Gender-Based Comparison of Twins’ Attitudes Toward Twinship

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 376-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rita Hegedűs ◽  
András Pári ◽  
Zsófia Drjenovszky ◽  
Hanna Kónya
Keyword(s):  
A Priori ◽  
Twin Studies ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Cultural Goods ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Gender Based ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Adult Twins

Aiming to perform the first sociological survey of Hungarian twins, our main question was whether being a twin has positive consequences on one's life. Adult twins completed our questionnaire at three Hungarian summer twin festivals, in hospitals during medical twin studies, and on some websites online. Data represent 140 twin pairs (mean age: 38.2 ± 14.6 years). We employed some indices for measuring the resource nature of twinship. Three main types of benefits were distinguished: profit of attraction, as ‘material capital’; the easier obtainability of cultural goods when twins take part in it, as ‘cultural capital’; and positive aspects of an a priori existing dyadic relation, as ‘relational capital’. We were interested in the difference among types of twins regarding advantages. We paid special attention to the five groups of twins derived from gender and zygosity (i.e., monozygotic females, monozygotic males, dizygotic females, dizygotic males, opposite-sex pairs). Our analysis showed that Hungarian twins involved in our research basically enjoy their twinship; during their lives they used and still make use of different benefits given by it. In our twin samples, women had more advantages from being a twin than men. Significant differences could be observed on all indicators between monozygotic and dizygotic twins.

Relationship History and Relationship Attitudes in Gay Males and Lesbians: Attachment Style and Gender Differences

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 848-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacy R. Ridge ◽  
Judith A. Feeney
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Sexual Attitudes ◽  
Gay Males ◽  
Working Models ◽  
Relationship History ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Early Relationships

Objective: The objective of the present study was to assess the applicability of attachment theory to the relationships of gay males and lesbians, with particular emphasis on parental relationships, relationship satisfaction, sexual attitudes and ‘coming out’ as being homosexual. Methods: Gay males (n = 77) and lesbians (n = 100) completed questionnaires assessing attachment style, working models of attachment, early relationships with parents and relationship history, status and functioning. A comparison sample of heterosexual participants completed measures of attachment style and relationship history. Results: Relative frequencies of attachment styles were similar for homosexual and heterosexual samples. Contrary to previous research using largely heterosexual respondents, no link between early parenting and attachment style was found. However, homosexual males reported more positive early relationships with mothers than did females. Associations of attachment style with working models, relationship variables and sexual attitudes largely supported those based on heterosexual samples. Gender and attachment style differences were found in reported effects of ‘coming out’ on relationships with parents. Conclusions: Overall, the results suggest that insecure attachment may not be over-represented in gay and lesbian samples, but that insecurity is associated with less relationship satisfaction and with problems related to the disclosure of sexual orientation. The implications of these findings for research and clinical practice are addressed.

scholarly journals The Impact of Attachment Style on the Family Drawings of School-Aged Children

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rossella Procaccia ◽  
Guido Veronese ◽  
Marco Castiglioni
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Separation Anxiety ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Sense Of Self ◽  
Family Drawings ◽  
Adjustment Difficulties ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Objective: Primary school children's representations of themselves and their attachment figures were explored by assessing their family drawings. The main aim of the study was to empirically explore differences in the representations of children with secure versus insecure attachment. The study was theoretically informed by attachment theory and methodologically based on widely-used systems for analysing children’s drawings. Method: The Separation Anxiety Test was used to evaluate the attachment styles of 117 children (aged 6-10 years). This led to the identification of three groups, similar in age and gender distribution, with three different attachment styles (secure, anxious-ambivalent and avoidant). Each participant was asked to draw a family and the drawings produced were coded on 8 global scales and evaluated for the presence of 35 specific markers divided into five categories (characteristics of the figures; use of space; completeness of representation; emotional-affective tone; overall characteristics of the representation). Results: The drawings of securely attached children featured more positive markers, associated with a stable and well-integrated sense of self and others, whereas insecure children produced more markers of instability and negative emotion, with some interesting differences between anxious-ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles. Conclusion: Despite its limitations, the study confirmed that family drawings are a valid instrument for evaluating how children represent attachment, thereby facilitating early intervention to prevent later adjustment difficulties.

scholarly journals Psychopathological Organizations and Attachment Styles in Patients with Fear of Flying: A Case Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guido Veronese ◽  
Rossella Procaccia ◽  
Diego Romaioli ◽  
Gianpiero Barola ◽  
Marco Castiglioni
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fear Of Flying ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Experimental Group

Objectives: The scope of the study is to identify the leading “organization of meaning” in patients affected by aviophobia and the related attachment style. Specifically we hypothesized that participants with fear of flying would predominantly display a phobic organization of meaning, associated with an anxious-ambivalent attachment style. Methods: 150 adults, divided between an experimental group (FOF) and a control group (CON), completed three research instruments: two self-report questionnaires assessing attachment style (AAQ and ASQ) and the self-characterization, a qualitative constructivist tool. Results: The insecure attachment style prevailed in aviophobics rather than control group. Socio-economic and gender differences were found. The vocabulary used by the group with flying phobia featured a system of meaning referring to “freedom” family semantics. Conclusions: Attachment style appears to be a necessary but insufficient condition for predicting fear of flying. A greater role in the disorder is played by the organization of patients' personality, as argued by socio-constructionist and constructivist authors. Implication for clinical work and psychotherapy are discussed.

Sex and Gender Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 446-469
Author(s):  
Andrea Bradford ◽  
Cindy M. Meston
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Gender Identity Disorder ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Sexual Expression ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Recurrent Patterns

Sex and gender disorders are classified into three major categories. The sexual dysfunctions are problems that inhibit one’s motivation or ability to engage in sexual activity. Paraphilias are recurrent patterns of sexual arousal and/or behavior involving inappropriate targets of sexual expression. Gender identity disorder is the experience of intense discomfort with one’s assigned gender role, accompanied by the desire to live as a person of the opposite sex. Conceptualizations of sex and gender disorders are ever evolving in response to multiple cultural, scientific, political, and commercial influences. This chapter reviews current practice and emerging concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of sex and gender disorders, with emphasis on recent research findings and key unresolved questions.

Sex and Gender Disorders

2014 ◽  
pp. 451-475
Author(s):  
Andrea Bradford ◽  
Cindy M. Meston
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Activity ◽  
Gender Identity Disorder ◽  
Current Practice ◽  
Sexual Expression ◽  
Sexual Dysfunctions ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Recurrent Patterns

Sex and gender disorders are classified into three major categories. The sexual dysfunctions are problems that inhibit one’s motivation or ability to engage in sexual activity. Paraphilias are recurrent patterns of sexual arousal and/or behavior involving inappropriate targets of sexual expression. Gender identity disorder is the experience of intense discomfort with one’s assigned gender role, accompanied by the desire to live as a person of the opposite sex. Conceptualizations of sex and gender disorders are ever evolving in response to multiple cultural, scientific, political, and commercial influences. This chapter reviews current practice and emerging concepts in the diagnosis and treatment of sex and gender disorders, with emphasis on recent research findings and key unresolved questions.

Interactive Self-Regulation During Mate Searching

2012 ◽  
Vol 220 (3) ◽  
pp. 194-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Koranyi ◽  
Klaus Rothermund
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Attention Allocation ◽  
Individual Change ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Mate Searching ◽  
Focusing Effect ◽  
Visual Cueing ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Automatic Attention

The present research analyzed automatic self-regulation during mate searching. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that in a dating context, individuals who are currently looking for a mate show increased automatic attention allocation (focusing effect) to faces of opposite-sex others who display signs of reciprocal romantic interest. We tested this hypothesis in a longitudinal dating study by analyzing intra-individual change in attention allocation to romantic reciprocators and non-reciprocators. Attention allocation was assessed using a visual cueing paradigm prior to and after the announcement of mutual interest in a date between two participants of the study. In line with our hypothesis, focusing effects were obtained selectively for romantic reciprocators. This focusing effect was restricted to participants with a secure attachment style, indicating interindividual differences in adaptive automatic self-regulation processes during mate searching.

scholarly journals Why do you Make us Feel Good? Correlates and Interpersonal Consequences of Affective Presence in Speed–Dating

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raul Berrios ◽  
Peter Totterdell ◽  
Karen Niven
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Sex Partners ◽  
Personality Psychology ◽  
Social Relations Model ◽  
Speed Dating ◽  
Perceived Responsiveness ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Romantic Interest

Recent research indicates that people consistently make others feel a certain way (e.g. happy or stressed). This individual difference has been termed affective presence, but little is known about its correlates or consequences. The present study investigated the following: (i) whether affective presence influences others’ romantic interest in a person and (ii) what types of people have positive and negative affective presence. Forty volunteers took part in a speed–dating event, during which they dated six or seven opposite–sex partners. A Social Relations Model analysis confirmed that individuals prompted consistent positive emotional reactions in others. Participants were more likely to want to see dates with greater positive affective presence again in the future, and positive affective presence explained the effects of perceived responsiveness on romantic interest. Associations between positive affective presence and trait predictors, including emotion regulation, emotional expressiveness, attachment style, agreeableness and extraversion, were also observed. The findings indicate that what emotionally distinguishes one individual from another lies in part in the emotional consequences of their behaviours on others. © 2013 The Authors. European Journal of Personality published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Association of Personality Psychology.

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