Community-Acquired Pneumonia Due to Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex Virus-1, and Human Herpes Virus-6

2006 ◽  
pp. 665-677
Author(s):  
Kevin Forward
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Human Herpes ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽  
Human Herpes Virus ◽  
Human Herpes Virus 6 ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
Simplex Virus

scholarly journals An oncolytic virus expressing a full-length antibody enhances antitumor innate immune response to glioblastoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Xu ◽  
Lei Tian ◽  
Jing Chen ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
Rui Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Nk Cells ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽  
Oncolytic Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
Simplex Virus

AbstractOncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 is capable of lysing tumor cells while alerting the immune system. CD47, in collaboration with SIRPα, represents an important immune checkpoint to inhibit phagocytosis by innate immune cells. Here we show locoregional control of glioblastoma by an oncolytic herpes virus expressing a full-length anti(α)-human CD47 IgG1 or IgG4 antibody. The antibodies secreted by the virus-infected glioblastoma cells block the CD47 ‘don’t eat me’ signal irrespective of the subclass; however, αCD47-IgG1 has a stronger tumor killing effect than αCD47-IgG4 due to additional antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis by macrophages and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity by NK cells. Intracranially injected αCD47-IgG1-producing virus continuously releases the respective antibody in the tumor microenvironment but not into systemic circulation; additionally, αCD47-IgG1-producing virus also improves the survival of tumor-bearing mice better than control oncolytic herpes virus combined with topical αCD47-IgG1. Results from immunocompetent mouse tumor models further confirm that macrophages, and to a lesser extent NK cells, mediate the anti-tumor cytotoxicity of antibody-producing oncolytic herpesviruses. Collectively, oncolytic herpes simplex virus-1 encoding full-length antibodies could improve immune-virotherapy for glioblastoma.

scholarly journals Characterization of heterosubunit complexes formed by the R1 and R2 subunits of herpes simplex virus 1 and equine herpes virus 4 ribonucleotide reductase

2000 ◽  
Vol 347 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Yunming SUN ◽  
Joe CONNER
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Ribonucleotide Reductase ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Subunit Interaction ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Hsv 1

We report on the separate PCR cloning and subsequent expression and purification of the large (R1) and small (R2) subunits from equine herpes virus type 4 (EHV-4) ribonucleotide reductase. The EHV-4 R1 and R2 subunits reconstituted an active enzyme and their abilities to complement the R1 and R2 subunits from the closely related herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) ribonucleotide reductase, with the use of subunit interaction and enzyme activity assays, were analysed. Both EHV-4 R1/HSV-1 R2 and HSV-1 R1/EHV-4 R2 were able to assemble heterosubunit complexes but, surprisingly, neither of these complexes was fully active in enzyme activity assays; the EHV-4 R1/HSV-1 R2 and HSV-1 R1/EHV-4 R2 enzymes had 50% and 5% of their respective wild-type activities. Site-directed mutagenesis was used to alter two non-conserved residues located within the highly conserved and functionally important C-termini of the EHV-4 and HSV-1 R1 proteins. Mutation of Pro-737 to Lys and Lys-1084 to Pro in EHV-4 and HSV-1 R1 respectively had no effects on subunit assembly. Mutation of Pro-737 to Lys in EHV-4 R1 decreased enzyme activity by 50%; replacement of Lys-1084 by Pro in HSV-1 R1 had no effect on enzyme activity. Both alterations failed to restore full enzyme activities to the heterosubunit enzymes. Therefore probably neither of these amino acids has a direct role in catalysis. However, mutation of the highly conserved Tyr-1111 to Phe in HSV-1 R1 inactivated enzyme activity without affecting subunit interaction.

scholarly journals Herpes Virus, Oral Clinical Signs and QoL: Systematic Review of Recent Data

Viruses ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salvatore Crimi ◽  
Luca Fiorillo ◽  
Alberto Bianchi ◽  
Cesare D’Amico ◽  
Giulia Amoroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 ◽  
Healing Phase ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex Virus 2

This manuscript aims to highlight all the clinical features of the herpes virus, with a particular focus on oral manifestations and in the maxillofacial district about Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1) and Herpes Simplex Virus-2 (HSV-2). Oral herpes virus is a very common and often debilitating infectious disease for patients, affecting oral health and having important psychological implications. The collection of relevant data comes from the scientific databases Pubmed, Embase; initially this collection obtained an extremely high number of results, 1415. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, as well as a manual screening, the results included in this review were limited to 14. The results were expressed by evaluating all the signs and symptoms that this pathology entails during the study, paying attention to the characteristics linked to the quality of life and the psychological implications. This pathology has numerous therapies, which often make the healing phase of the manifestations of this viral pathology more comfortable. The therapies currently used for the treatment of this viral infection are pharmacological, topical, systemic, or instrumental, for example with laser devices.

Réactivations à herpès virus (HSV, CMV) en réanimation : qui et quand traiter ?

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-238
Author(s):  
C.-E. Luyt ◽  
G. Hékimian ◽  
N. Bréchot
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex Virus ◽  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Herpes Virus ◽  
Herpès Virus ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Charge Virale

Les réactivations à herpès simplex virus (HSV) et à cytomégalovirus (CMV) sont fréquentes chez le patient non immunodéprimé de réanimation. La réactivation HSV est localisée aux voies aériennes ; elle débute au niveau oropharyngé, progresse de façon descendante avec la contamination des voies aériennes distales et peut aboutir, chez certains malades, à une véritable bronchopneumonie herpétique. Elle est en outre associée à un pronostic défavorable. Le traitement prophylactique et préemptif des réactivations HSV ne peut pas être préconisé à l’heure actuelle. Le traitement curatif repose sur un avis d’experts, chez des malades présentant soit une charge virale élevée dans les voies aériennes distales, soit des signes cytologiques d’atteinte parenchymateuse pulmonaire sur les cellules recueillies lors du lavage bronchoalvéolaire. La réactivation CMV sanguine est fréquente et peut être isolée ou associée à une réactivation/atteinte pulmonaire et est aussi associée à un pronostic défavorable. Le traitement prophylactique de la réactivation CMV ne peut pas être préconisé, et le traitement préemptif est en cours d’évaluation. À l’heure actuelle, le traitement curatif des maladies pulmonaires à CMV repose soit sur des signes histologiques d’atteinte pulmonaire, soit sur un faisceau d’arguments clinicobiologiques évoquant une possible maladie à CMV.

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