33B-5: 6, 8-10 RbH2PO4–NH4H2PO4 (RADP): 6 Thermal properties, 8 Elastic properties, 9 Optical properties, 10 Light scattering

2006 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
E. Nakamura ◽  
M. Komukae ◽  
T. Osaka
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Elastic Properties

scholarly journals Light-Scattering Simulations from Spherical Bimetallic Core–Shell Nanoparticles

Micromachines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Francesco Ruffino
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Bimetallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Scattered Light ◽  
Specific Interaction ◽  
Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy ◽  
Localized Surface Plasmon ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
The Core

Bimetallic nanoparticles show novel electronic, optical, catalytic or photocatalytic properties different from those of monometallic nanoparticles and arising from the combination of the properties related to the presence of two individual metals but also from the synergy between the two metals. In this regard, bimetallic nanoparticles find applications in several technological areas ranging from energy production and storage to sensing. Often, these applications are based on optical properties of the bimetallic nanoparticles, for example, in plasmonic solar cells or in surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy-based sensors. Hence, in these applications, the specific interaction between the bimetallic nanoparticles and the electromagnetic radiation plays the dominant role: properties as localized surface plasmon resonances and light-scattering efficiency are determined by the structure and shape of the bimetallic nanoparticles. In particular, for example, concerning core-shell bimetallic nanoparticles, the optical properties are strongly affected by the core/shell sizes ratio. On the basis of these considerations, in the present work, the Mie theory is used to analyze the light-scattering properties of bimetallic core–shell spherical nanoparticles (Au/Ag, AuPd, AuPt, CuAg, PdPt). By changing the core and shell sizes, calculations of the intensity of scattered light from these nanoparticles are reported in polar diagrams, and a comparison between the resulting scattering efficiencies is carried out so as to set a general framework useful to design light-scattering-based devices for desired applications.

scholarly journals Role of the Anilinium Ion on the Selective Polymerization of Anilinium 2-Acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2349
Author(s):  
Alain Salvador Conejo-Dávila ◽  
Marco Armando Moya-Quevedo ◽  
David Chávez-Flores ◽  
Alejandro Vega-Rios ◽  
Erasto Armando Zaragoza-Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Cyclic Voltammetry ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Molecular Interactions ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Cyclic Voltammetry Analysis

The development of anilinium 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonate (Ani-AMPS) monomer, confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FTIR, is systematically studied. Ani-AMPS contains two polymerizable functional groups, so it was submitted to selective polymerization either by free-radical or oxidative polymerization. Therefore, poly(anilinium 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic) [Poly(Ani-AMPS)] and polyaniline doped with 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid [PAni-AMPS] can be obtained. First, the acrylamide polymer, poly(Ani-AMPS), favored the π-stacking of the anilinium group produced by the inter- and intra-molecular interactions and was studied utilizing 1H NMR, 13C NMR, FTIR, and UV-Vis-NIR. Furthermore, poly(Ani-AMPS) fluorescence shows quenching in the presence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in the emission spectrum at 347 nm. In contrast, the typical behavior of polyaniline is observed in the cyclic voltammetry analysis for PAni-AMPS. The optical properties also show a significant change at pH 4.4. The PAni-AMPS structure was corroborated through FTIR, while the thermal properties and morphology were analyzed utilizing TGA, DSC (except PAni-AMPS), and FESEM.

First global assessment of modelled aerosol hygroscopicity in the context of other aerosol optical properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ángeles Burgos Simón ◽  
Elisabeth Andrews ◽  
Gloria Titos ◽  
Angela Benedetti ◽  
Huisheng Bian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Chem Phys ◽  
Earth System ◽  
Aerosol Optical Properties ◽  
System Models ◽  
Earth System Models

<p>The particle hygroscopic growth impacts the optical properties of aerosols and, in turn, affects the aerosol-radiation interaction and calculation of the Earth’s radiative balance. The dependence of particle light scattering on relative humidity (RH) can be described by the scattering enhancement factor f(RH), defined as the ratio between the particle light scattering coefficient at a given RH divided by its dry value.</p><p>The first effort of the AeroCom Phase III – INSITU experiment was to develop an observational dataset of scattering enhancement values at 26 sites to study the uptake of water by atmospheric aerosols, and evaluate f(RH) globally (Burgos et al., 2019). Model outputs from 10 Earth System Models (CAM, CAM-ATRAS, CAM-Oslo, GEOS-Chem, GEOS-GOCART, MERRAero, TM5, OsloCTM3, IFS-AER, and ECMWF) were then evaluated against this in-situ dataset. Building on these results, we investigate f(RH) in the context of other aerosol optical and chemical properties, making use of the same 10 Earth System Models (ESMs) and in-situ measurements as in Burgos et al. (2020) and Titos et al. (2021).</p><p>Given the difficulties of deploying and maintaining instrumentation for long-term, accurate and comprehensive f(RH) observations, it is desirable to find an observational proxy for f(RH). This observation-based proxy would also need to be reproduced in modelling space. Our aim here is to evaluate how ESMs currently represent the relationship between f(RH), scattering Ångström exponent (SAE), and single scattering albedo (SSA). This work helps to identify current challenges in modelling water-uptake by aerosols and their impact on aerosol optical properties within Earth system models.</p><p>We start by analyzing the behavior of SSA with RH, finding the expected increase with RH for all site types and models. Then, we analyze the three variables together (f(RH)-SSA-SAE relationship). Results show that hygroscopic particles tend to be bigger and scatter more than non-hygroscopic small particles, though variability within models is noticeable. This relationship can be further studied by relating SAE to model chemistry, by selecting those grid points dominated by a single chemical component (mass mixing ratios > 90%). Finally, we analyze model performance at three specific sites representing different aerosol types: Arctic, marine and rural. At these sites, the model data can be exactly temporally and spatially collocated with the observations, which should help to identify the models which exhibit better agreement with measurements and for which aerosol type.</p><p> </p><p>Burgos, M.A. et al.: A global view on the effect of water uptake on aerosol particle light scattering. Sci Data 6, 157. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0158-7, 2019.</p><p>Burgos, M.A. et al.: A global model–measurement evaluation of particle light scattering coefficients at elevated relative humidity, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 20, 10231–10258, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-10231-2020, 2020.</p><p>Titos, G. et al.: A global study of hygroscopicity-driven light scattering enhancement in the context of other in-situ aerosol optical properties, Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-2020-1250, in review, 2020.</p>

scholarly journals Coupling of the microphysical and optical properties of an Arctic nimbostratus cloud during the ASTAR 2004 experiment: Implications for light-scattering modeling

2010 ◽  
Vol 115 (D23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Jourdan ◽  
Guillaume Mioche ◽  
Timothy J. Garrett ◽  
Alfons Schwarzenböck ◽  
Jérôme Vidot ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Light Scattering

scholarly journals Aerosol light-scattering enhancement due to water uptake during the TCAP campaign

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 7031-7043 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Titos ◽  
A. Jefferson ◽  
P. J. Sheridan ◽  
E. Andrews ◽  
H. Lyamani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Single Scattering ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Department Of Energy ◽  
Cape Cod ◽  
Hygroscopic Growth ◽  
Aerosol Optical Properties ◽  
Aerosol Parameters

Abstract. Aerosol optical properties were measured by the DOE/ARM (US Department of Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurements) Program Mobile Facility during the Two-Column Aerosol Project (TCAP) campaign deployed at Cape Cod, Massachusetts, for a 1-year period (from summer 2012 to summer 2013). Measured optical properties included aerosol light-absorption coefficient (σap) at low relative humidity (RH) and aerosol light-scattering coefficient (σsp) at low and at RH values varying from 30 to 85%, approximately. Calculated variables included the single scattering albedo (SSA), the scattering Ångström exponent (SAE) and the scattering enhancement factor (f(RH)). Over the period of measurement, f(RH = 80%) had a mean value of 1.9 ± 0.3 and 1.8 ± 0.4 in the PM10 and PM1 fractions, respectively. Higher f(RH = 80%) values were observed for wind directions from 0 to 180° (marine sector) together with high SSA and low SAE values. The wind sector from 225 to 315° was identified as an anthropogenically influenced sector, and it was characterized by smaller, darker and less hygroscopic aerosols. For the marine sector, f(RH = 80%) was 2.2 compared with a value of 1.8 obtained for the anthropogenically influenced sector. The air-mass backward trajectory analysis agreed well with the wind sector analysis. It shows low cluster to cluster variability except for air masses coming from the Atlantic Ocean that showed higher hygroscopicity. Knowledge of the effect of RH on aerosol optical properties is of great importance for climate forcing calculations and for comparison of in situ measurements with satellite and remote sensing retrievals. In this sense, predictive capability of f(RH) for use in climate models would be enhanced if other aerosol parameters could be used as proxies to estimate hygroscopic growth. Toward this goal, we propose an exponential equation that successfully estimates aerosol hygroscopicity as a function of SSA at Cape Cod. Further work is needed to determine if the equation obtained is valid in other environments.

scholarly journals Orientation dependence of optical activity in light scattering by nanoparticle clusters

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atefeh Fazel Najafabadi ◽  
Baptiste Auguié
Keyword(s):  
Optical Properties ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Optical Activity ◽  
Incident Light ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Orientation Dependence ◽  
Nanoparticle Clusters

The optical properties of nanoparticle clusters vary with the spatial arrangement of the constituent particles, but also the overall orientation of the cluster with respect to the incident light. This...

scholarly journals OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF LASER-COLOURING MARKED STAINLESS STEEL

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 242-244
Author(s):  
Pavels Narica ◽  
Svetlana Pan’kova ◽  
Vladimir Solovyev ◽  
Alexander Vanin ◽  
Mikhail Yanikov
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Dielectric Permittivity ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Laser Scanning Microscopy ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Complex Dielectric Permittivity

Laser colour-marking method often displace conventional marking techniques. Complicated technology of laser-induced periodic surface structure creation on stainless steel samples allows changing their surface morphology and optical properties, which were studied in this work by atomic force microscopy (AFM), laser scanning microscopy, reflectance spectroscopy and ellipsometry. Reflectance spectra of the samples demonstrate reflectance maxima correlate with the visible colours of the samples and with the extrema in the non-monotonic spectral dependences of the derivative of real part of complex dielectric permittivity extracted from the ellipsometric data. Thus, the most intensive light scattering takes place when the real part of complex dielectric permittivity falls down quickly with changing wavelength. We did not observe any “azimuth anisotropy” in our optical measurements at constant incidence angle: the spectra were the same independently of the light incidence plane orientation (parallel or perpendicular to the previous laser light spot scanning direction). We suppose that this selective resonance-like light scattering is due to the sample surface inhomogeneity, which is the result of previous laser treatment. This assumption agrees with estimations based on laser microscope and AFM images as well as with predictions of Mie theory. Thus, the colours of the samples under study are due to the light scattering by randomly distributed surface species with different sizes. 

Development of Some Promising Approaches for The Toughening of High-Temperature Polymers

1998 ◽  
Vol 519 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kumudinie ◽  
J. K. Premachandra ◽  
J. E. Mark ◽  
T. D. Dang ◽  
M. R. Unroe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Thermal Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Hybrid Material ◽  
Arylene Ether ◽  
Rubbery Phase ◽  
Maximum Extensibility

AbstractHigh-temperature poly(arylene ether) and hydroxypolybenzoxazole polymers were toughened using dispersed rubbery phases. This rubbery phase was a hybrid material which was in-situ generated within the polymer matrix using mixtures of partially-hydrolyzable trialkoxy and dialkoxy organosilanes with a fully hydrolyzable tetraalkoxysilane. The resulting materials were characterized with regard to their structures, mechanical properties (modulus, ultimate strength, maximum extensibility, and toughness), thermal properties, optical properties, and tendencies to absorb water. Some of the results are presented here.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document