A “Demotic,” First-Person Language of the Individual and the Social System: Apuleius and the Myth of Psyche

2006 ◽  
pp. 27-32
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
First Person ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

Value-driven issues throughout the development of sociological theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Gulbarshyn Chepurko ◽  
Valerii Pylypenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social System ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels

The paper examines and compares how the major sociological theories treat axiological issues. Value-driven topics are analysed in view of their relevance to society in times of crisis, when both societal life and the very structure of society undergo dramatic change. Nowadays, social scientists around the world are also witnessing such a change due to the emergence of alternative schools of sociological thought (non-classical, interpretive, postmodern, etc.) and, subsequently, the necessity to revise the paradigms that have been existed in sociology so far. Since the above-mentioned approaches are often used to address value-related issues, building a solid theoretical framework for these studies takes on considerable significance. Furthermore, the paradigm revision has been prompted by technological advances changing all areas of people’s lives, especially social interactions. The global human community, integral in nature, is being formed, and production of human values now matters more than production of things; hence the “expansion” of value-focused perspectives in contemporary sociology. The authors give special attention to collectivities which are higher-order units of the social system. These units are described as well-organised action systems where each individual performs his/her specific role. Just as the role of an individual is distinct from that of the collectivity (because the individual and the collectivity are different as units), so too a distinction is drawn between the value and the norm — because they represent different levels of social relationships. Values are the main connecting element between the society’s cultural system and the social sphere while norms, for the most part, belong to the social system. Values serve primarily to maintain the pattern according to which the society is functioning at a given time; norms are essential to social integration. Apart from being the means of regulating social processes and relationships, norms embody the “principles” that can be applied beyond a particular social system. The authors underline that it is important for Ukrainian sociology to keep abreast of the latest developments in the field of axiology and make good use of those ideas because this is a prerequisite for its successful integration into the global sociological community.

The wider social system

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-281
Author(s):  
Robbie Duschinsky ◽  
Sarah Foster
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social System ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Epistemic Trust ◽  
School Based ◽  
System P ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

Critics have alleged that in attempting to adapt to the individual-centric environment of contemporary health provision, mentalization-based therapy itself has been complicit with the atomization of society. Conversations with his colleague Peter Fuggle and Dickon Bevington at the Anna Freud Centre have also had a profound role in highlighting to Fonagy the importance of the wider social system around the individual. Pursuing these questions, this chapter begins by examining the growing attention to the social environment shown by Fonagy and colleagues, and especially their exploration of the role of friends and friendships for mentalization and epistemic trust. It will then examine the reflections and research by Fonagy and collaborators on public mental health. The researchers’ hopes regarding school-based prevention will be given particular attention, and the chapter will also show how this work has shaped Fonagy’s efforts as a policy influencer. Finally, the chapter will appraise the considerations offered by Fonagy and colleagues of the role of culture, in particular the issue of whether attention to cultural processes should be regarded as mentalizing, non-mentalizing or as not mentalizing, and whether organizations and societies can themselves be said to institutionalize cultures of mentalizing or non-mentalizing.

The Significance of Psychiatric Symptomatology for Social Adaptation

1964 ◽  
Vol 110 (467) ◽  
pp. 544-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Walton ◽  
R. Bennett ◽  
L. Nahemow
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Social System ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Basic Reference ◽  
The Individual

The social adjustment of individuals is studied from different viewpoints by psychiatrists and sociologists. The psychiatrist is concerned with the malfunctioning personality (and with normal function toward which patients must be assisted); the sociologist is concerned with the functioning social system. The basic reference of both disciplines is to the individual and the individual's adaptation in his social group.

Groups

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Taves
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Group Formation ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
First Person ◽  
Spiritual Path ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Distinctive Role ◽  
Social Identity Approach

Drawing on the three cases discussed in the preceding chapters, this chapter compares the process of group formation and the emergence of suprahuman entities and guidance processes, and extends the social identity approach to creativity to encompass suprahuman entities. It argues that Smith, Wilson, and Schucman played a distinctive role in mediating a first-person voice that they claimed was not their own. But their personal self-concept as mediator of something more than themselves cannot account for the formation of a new group around a newly revealed spiritual path. If an emergent group does not accept the presence of the suprahuman entities, no group will form and no path will emerge. Indeed, without group recognition, the individual claimant is likely to be perceived as eccentric, if not crazy. This means that the group itself is constituted in its own self-conception through its recognition of the presence of one or more suprahuman entities conveyed by and at the same time distinct from the humans who mediate them.

The Psychiatric Paradox and Women

1986 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Susan Penfold ◽  
Gillian A. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Treatment ◽  
Social System ◽  
Feminist Perspective ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Treatment Approaches ◽  
The Social ◽  
Individual Woman ◽  
Women's Oppression ◽  
The Individual

While purporting to be benign, compassionate, and helpful, psychiatry functions as a social regulator. Its unrecognized inter-relationship with the social system allows psychiatry to participate in women's oppression, locating the problem within the individual woman and obscuring the invidious effects of social structures. Psychiatric theories can reflect and reinforce longstanding beliefs about women's status and role, contribute to her devalued status, blame her for her difficulties, minimize violence against her, and suggest that her behaviour should be shaped so that she can conform to the traditional role. A feminist perspective provides a different view and alternative treatment approaches.

A Situational Perspective in Casework Theory

1977 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 401-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mildred D. Mailick
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

Attempts in social casework to develop a unifying theory have tended to show either an emphasis on theories of the individual or the social system

scholarly journals Transformacja systemowa a recepcja liberalno-demokratycznego modelu społeczeństwa w uprzywilejowanym segmencie warszawskiego rynku pracy

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
Tomasz Herudziński
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Liberal Democratic ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Normative Models ◽  
Theoretical Dimension

The article describes changes in social awareness concerning social system, in particular the sphere of work. In theoretical dimension, the article refers to concept of social system and the perception of normative models: social, political, and economic. The empirical part presents the results of research into the field of social awareness, especially the awareness of members of a generation functioning in a liberal-democratic social system. The respondents were young residents of Warsaw with higher education. The research was carried out with a few-year time interval. The sphere of work is treated here as a key element of the wider social reality and included empirically through the individual orientation of the respondents in the normative models of society. In the light of research the sphere of work is clearly specific. In particular, the labour market regulations differs significantly from the reception of the remaining components of the social system.

scholarly journals Selfish algorithm and emergence of collective intelligence

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Korosh Mahmoodi ◽  
Bruce J West ◽  
Cleotilde Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Learning Mechanisms ◽  
Internal Dynamics ◽  
Mutual Cooperation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reinforced Learning ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Selfish Agents

Abstract We propose a model for demonstrating spontaneous emergence of collective intelligent behaviour (i.e. adaptation and resilience of a social system) from selfish individual agents. Agents’ behaviour is modelled using our proposed selfish algorithm ($SA$) with three learning mechanisms: reinforced learning ($SAL$), trust ($SAT$) and connection ($SAC$). Each of these mechanisms provides a distinctly different way an agent can increase the individual benefit accrued through playing the prisoner’s dilemma game ($PDG$) with other agents. $SAL$ generates adaptive reciprocity between the agents with a level of mutual cooperation that depends on the temptation of the individuals to cheat. Adding $SAT$ or $SAC$ to $SAL$ improves the adaptive reciprocity between selfish agents, raising the level of mutual cooperation. Importantly, the mechanisms in the $SA$ are self-tuned by the internal dynamics that depend only on the change in the agent’s own payoffs. This is in contrast to any pre-established reciprocity mechanism (e.g. predefined connections among agents) or awareness of the behaviour or payoffs of other agents. Also, we study adaptation and resilience of the social systems utilizing $SA$ by turning some of the agents to zealots to show that agents reconstruct the reciprocity structure in such a way to eliminate the zealots from getting advantage of a cooperative environment. The implications and applications of the $SA$ are discussed.

scholarly journals Social Recommendation Reseach for Building Optimization and Appropriate Social System using Individual Relationship Networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (9S2) ◽  
pp. 770-774
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Social Recommendation ◽  
Stable Relationship ◽  
Relationship Networks ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Systems ◽  
Individual Client ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Relationship

Recommender frameworks are utilized to help clients in settling on decisions from different choices. Objective is to comprehend clients' inclinations and makes recommendations on suitable activities. A social recommender framework attempts to improve the exactness of traditional recommender frameworks by having the social trust between clients in interpersonal organizations into record. The Collaborative Filtering is utilized for the suggestion framework, to give the compelling recommendation to the individual client dependent on the surveys. The thing based is a type of coordinated effort framework dependent on the likeness between things determined utilizing individuals' evaluating of those things. The suggestion may contrast from client to client upon the information thickness for every client's thing rating and relationship system and it additionally develop after some time. The social recommender framework keeps up a controlled size of close/stable relationship organize for every client and endeavors to improve the exactness of regular recommender framework by taking the social intrigue and social trust between clients in informal community into record. . This examination proposes an way to deal with multifaceted nature of adding social connection systems to recommender frameworks. Our technique initially creates an individual relationship organize (IRN) for every client and thing by building up a novel fitting calculation of relationship systems to control the relationship spread and contracting. We at that point meld lattice factorization with social regularization and the area show utilizing IRN's to produce suggestions. Our methodology is very broad, and can likewise be connected to the thing relationship organize by exchanging the jobs of clients and things. Trials on different datasets with various sizes, levels of sparsity, and types of relationships demonstrate that our methodology can improve prescient precision and addition a superior versatility contrasted and best in class social recommendation strategies.

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