The Significance of Psychiatric Symptomatology for Social Adaptation

1964 ◽  
Vol 110 (467) ◽  
pp. 544-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Walton ◽  
R. Bennett ◽  
L. Nahemow
Keyword(s):  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Social System ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
The Social ◽  
Basic Reference ◽  
The Individual

The social adjustment of individuals is studied from different viewpoints by psychiatrists and sociologists. The psychiatrist is concerned with the malfunctioning personality (and with normal function toward which patients must be assisted); the sociologist is concerned with the functioning social system. The basic reference of both disciplines is to the individual and the individual's adaptation in his social group.

Value-driven issues throughout the development of sociological theory

2020 ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Gulbarshyn Chepurko ◽  
Valerii Pylypenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social System ◽  
Sociological Theory ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Different Levels

The paper examines and compares how the major sociological theories treat axiological issues. Value-driven topics are analysed in view of their relevance to society in times of crisis, when both societal life and the very structure of society undergo dramatic change. Nowadays, social scientists around the world are also witnessing such a change due to the emergence of alternative schools of sociological thought (non-classical, interpretive, postmodern, etc.) and, subsequently, the necessity to revise the paradigms that have been existed in sociology so far. Since the above-mentioned approaches are often used to address value-related issues, building a solid theoretical framework for these studies takes on considerable significance. Furthermore, the paradigm revision has been prompted by technological advances changing all areas of people’s lives, especially social interactions. The global human community, integral in nature, is being formed, and production of human values now matters more than production of things; hence the “expansion” of value-focused perspectives in contemporary sociology. The authors give special attention to collectivities which are higher-order units of the social system. These units are described as well-organised action systems where each individual performs his/her specific role. Just as the role of an individual is distinct from that of the collectivity (because the individual and the collectivity are different as units), so too a distinction is drawn between the value and the norm — because they represent different levels of social relationships. Values are the main connecting element between the society’s cultural system and the social sphere while norms, for the most part, belong to the social system. Values serve primarily to maintain the pattern according to which the society is functioning at a given time; norms are essential to social integration. Apart from being the means of regulating social processes and relationships, norms embody the “principles” that can be applied beyond a particular social system. The authors underline that it is important for Ukrainian sociology to keep abreast of the latest developments in the field of axiology and make good use of those ideas because this is a prerequisite for its successful integration into the global sociological community.

scholarly journals Adaptative Potential Students as Internal Resources Mastery Under Transformation of Society

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-125
Author(s):  
Nataliya Zavatska ◽  
Ulyana Mykhaylyshyn
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
Adaptation Process ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Mutual Adaptation ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

The article shows that the specificity of a holistic personality adjustment process in social systems is not confined only because of the peculiarities of its elements, such as the personal maturity, changes in the social conditions of the environment, and is determined by the interaction of structural components of the adaptive capacity of the individual. This maladjustment of one of these components will inevitably impact on the integrity of the individual adaptation process. It was determined that based on the analysis of the structural components of adaptation of the person (socially adapted situation, social need for adaptive, adaptive psychological need) there is the need to clarify the role of each of these components in the process of adaptation of the person. In the context of investigations under the holistic process of social adaptation of personality in social systems we mean active mutual adaptation of the individual and the social environment to each other in order to create a harmonious cooperation for the effective functioning of the individual in these social systems. Violation of this process or the implementation of its social disapproved or antisocial ways leads to the violation of the integrity of the adaptation process and it flows in unacceptable forms of society. It is emphasized that social exclusion leads to disruption of the socialization process, reflected in the increasing complexity of learning and the use of social roles, values and attitudes. In accordance with the social work we should pay attention to the replacement of anti-social norms, values and attitudes to prosocial. This process we treat as a social reinsertion - purposefully organized restructuring of the moral and valuable personality and behavioral areas that promotes the formation of social and value orientations and behavior. It was stated that the whole process of social adaptation of the person can provide awareness and reflection of environmental changes in the social systems of the environment; activity of the person in the regulation of adaptive capacity; transformation of adaptive capacity into more complex and sophisticated forms of interaction with the surrounding reality

Attitudes of early childhood education teachers towards educational inclusion and the social adjustment of students with disabilities

2021 ◽  
Vol LXXXII (4) ◽  
pp. 255-268
Author(s):  
Karolina Mudło-Głagolska
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Inclusive Education ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Childhood Education ◽  
Cognitive Component ◽  
The Social ◽  
Teachers Attitudes

Research shows that teachers' attitudes are a decisive element of the effective inclusion of students with disabilities, thereby conducive to the social adaptation of these students. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education and the social adjustment of students with disabilities. The sample consisted of 79 teachers of early childhood education working in a mainstream school and having a student in their class with a decision on the need for special education. The study used the Multidimensional Attitudes Scale towards Inclusive Education and the Classroom Behaviour Inventory Preschool to Primary. The results obtained in the study allow the conclusion that the positive beliefs of a teacher towards inclusive education (cognitive component of attitude) are most strongly associated with the social adaptation of a student with a disability. The conducted study showed that the teacher's readiness to modify the physical environment, his communication method and the methods of assessment with regard to the student's abilities and needs is related to the social adaptation of students with disabilities in a mainstream class. These aspects seem to be essential for the optimal functioning of a student with a disability in a mainstream class. The role of teachers' attitudes towards inclusive education in shaping the social adjustment of students with disabilities was emphasized.

The wider social system

2021 ◽  
pp. 238-281
Author(s):  
Robbie Duschinsky ◽  
Sarah Foster
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social System ◽  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Epistemic Trust ◽  
School Based ◽  
System P ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

Critics have alleged that in attempting to adapt to the individual-centric environment of contemporary health provision, mentalization-based therapy itself has been complicit with the atomization of society. Conversations with his colleague Peter Fuggle and Dickon Bevington at the Anna Freud Centre have also had a profound role in highlighting to Fonagy the importance of the wider social system around the individual. Pursuing these questions, this chapter begins by examining the growing attention to the social environment shown by Fonagy and colleagues, and especially their exploration of the role of friends and friendships for mentalization and epistemic trust. It will then examine the reflections and research by Fonagy and collaborators on public mental health. The researchers’ hopes regarding school-based prevention will be given particular attention, and the chapter will also show how this work has shaped Fonagy’s efforts as a policy influencer. Finally, the chapter will appraise the considerations offered by Fonagy and colleagues of the role of culture, in particular the issue of whether attention to cultural processes should be regarded as mentalizing, non-mentalizing or as not mentalizing, and whether organizations and societies can themselves be said to institutionalize cultures of mentalizing or non-mentalizing.

The social group and status of the individual

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 393
Author(s):  
V.C. Wynne-Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

scholarly journals The Ethical Value of Oriental Religions under the Roman Empire

1915 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-181
Author(s):  
Clifford Herschel Moore
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Considerable Degree ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Impossible Task ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Western Half

To estimate with any considerable degree of accuracy the moral value of the Oriental religions under the Roman Empire is a hard and perhaps an impossible task. The difficulties arise in part from the fact that these religions, like most others, did not aim primarily at developing what we understand by morality in the individual, but rather at establishing such relations with the gods as to give men security and prosperity here and hereafter; and in part the difficulties are due to the paucity of our data and our liability to error in the interpretation thereof. Yet a religion, like any other form of human expression, inevitably influences as well as reflects the conduct of the social group which cultivates it; that is to say, it cannot exist apart by itself. Therefore it is not an unprofitable thing to attempt to determine with such accuracy as may be attainable the relation to morality of the imported Oriental cults which were widely cultivated in the Occidental part of the Roman Empire between the first and the fourth centuries of our era. We confine our consideration to the Western half of the Empire, for there the evidence as to these exotic religions is most plentiful and it is possible to see them isolated, so to speak, from their native environment. It will be necessary, however, first to consider the moral and religious environment into which these cults entered.

scholarly journals The Theory of Half-education (translation from German Maria Kultaieva)

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theodor W. Adorno
Keyword(s):  
German Idealism ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Individual Autonomy ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
The Social ◽  
Negative Dialectic ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Contemporary Education ◽  
Dialectic Of Enlightenment

The theory of  half- education was presented at first on the congress of German sociologists (1959). The tendencies regarded in this theory are really taking place in the contemporary education and have determining its crises, which becomes more evidence in the social and cultural contexts of the later capitalism. The theory of half-education is rethinking  and actualizing  of the conceptualizations of education and culture in the German idealism, Marxism and Freudianism, explicating the dialectic of Enlightenment through diagnostics of its degenerations and deformations in the options of the alien spirit, what has a very dangerous consequence of the liquidation of culture  that is converting into the mas one. Half-education  is parasitizing    on   the idea of education which has  intrinsic contradictions: its conditions are the individual autonomy and social freedom, but it is depending on society. Id demands both: the individual autonomy and social adaptation. These contradictions can be overcame  by the  application of  the negative dialectic, which joins complementary the critic of education and the critic of society opening new perspectives for them.

scholarly journals Bureaucracy and bureaucratization as a social phenomenon

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Victor E. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
Economic System ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Social System ◽  
Social Phenomenon ◽  
The Social

The article emphasizes that the bureaucracy is a special social group that has specific essential and mandatory features, due to which it plays an important role in the system of management of society. It is proved that the phenomenon of bureaucratization of not only management, but also all spheres of society, as a rule, is associated with the exit of functions of the bureaucracy beyond the limits of applicability of its essential structure and principles of activity. This, in turn, is due to the crisis of the socio-economic system of society and, consequently, of the authority, which expands the opportunities and claims of the bureaucracy in the management of the social system.

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